4,814 research outputs found
A Survey on Array Storage, Query Languages, and Systems
Since scientific investigation is one of the most important providers of
massive amounts of ordered data, there is a renewed interest in array data
processing in the context of Big Data. To the best of our knowledge, a unified
resource that summarizes and analyzes array processing research over its long
existence is currently missing. In this survey, we provide a guide for past,
present, and future research in array processing. The survey is organized along
three main topics. Array storage discusses all the aspects related to array
partitioning into chunks. The identification of a reduced set of array
operators to form the foundation for an array query language is analyzed across
multiple such proposals. Lastly, we survey real systems for array processing.
The result is a thorough survey on array data storage and processing that
should be consulted by anyone interested in this research topic, independent of
experience level. The survey is not complete though. We greatly appreciate
pointers towards any work we might have forgotten to mention.Comment: 44 page
Rapid configurational analysis using OSM data: towards the use of Space Syntax to orient post-disaster decision making
This paper addresses the problem of the growing exposure of contemporary cities to natural hazards
by discussing the theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of using the configurational
approach as a framework to perform a variety of spatial analyses to better orient disaster management.
It claims that enabling a quick assessment of the evolving spatial functioning of the urban grid would
effectively contribute to support strategic decision-making and to make post-disaster planning
decisions more explicit among stakeholders, thus boosting wider understanding and participation
among the public. The paper starts with a brief review of some relevant work done by the research
community to date, which highlights emergent opportunities for urban morphology studies and Space
Syntax theory to trigger effective innovations in disaster management practice. Next, the paper
proposes to adopt a fit-for-purpose analysis approach with the aim to achieve a higher procedural
flexibility in the analysis workflow. This issue is treated with a special focus on the necessities of
relief organisations which need to integrate and overlap numerous layers of information and consider
the feasibility of the analysis by evaluating time and costs. The proposal considers the economy of the
construction of the map to be fundamental for ensuring the feasibility of a quantitative spatial
assessment in data scarce contexts such as cities affected by disasters. Moreover, it recognises that the
unicity of the map is likely to enable a better communication among different stakeholders following
a BIM-oriented model of cooperation, while allowing a faster response in multi-hazards scenarios.
Consequently, the proposal challenges the idea of the existence of a uniquely correct way to translate
reality into a model, but rather suggests using a set of simplification techniques, such as filtering,
generalisation and re-modelling, on a single crowdsourced map of the urban street network to generate
suitably customised graphs for subsequent analysis. This brings together two themes: the first
concerns the modelling activity per se and how certain technicalities that seem minor facts can
influence the final analysis output to a greater extent; the second regards the crowdsourcing of spatial
data and the challenges that the use of collaborative datasets poses to the modelling tasks. In line with
the most recent research trends, this paper suggests exploiting the readiness of the Open Street Map
(OSM) geo-dataset and the improving computational capacities of open GIS tools such as QGIS,
which has recently achieved a wider acceptance worldwide. To further speed up the analysis and
increase the likeness of the configurational analysis method to be successfully deployed by a larger
pool of professionals it also proposes to make use of a state-of-the-art Python library named OSMnx.
In the end, the consequences of using Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), open source GIS
platforms and Python scripting to perform the analysis are illustrated in a set of suitable case studies
Parametric shape optimization for combined additive–subtractive manufacturing
The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03886-xIn industrial practice, additive manufacturing (AM) processes are often followed by post-processing operations such as heat treatment, subtractive machining, milling, etc., to achieve the desired surface quality and dimensional accuracy. Hence, a given part must be 3D-printed with extra material to enable this finishing phase. This combined additive/subtractive technique can be optimized to reduce manufacturing costs by saving printing time and reducing material and energy usage. In this work, a numerical methodology based on parametric shape optimization is proposed for optimizing the thickness of the extra material, allowing for minimal machining operations while ensuring the finishing requirements. Moreover, the proposed approach is complemented by a novel algorithm for generating inner structures to reduce the part distortion and its weight. The computational effort induced by classical constrained optimization methods is alleviated by replacing both the objective and constraint functions by their sparse grid surrogates. Numerical results showcase the effectiveness of the proposed approach.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
Optical Network Models and their Application to Software-Defined Network Management
Software-defined networking is finding its way into optical networks. Here,
it promises a simplification and unification of network management for optical
networks allowing automation of operational tasks despite the highly diverse
and vendor-specific commercial systems and the complexity and analog nature of
optical transmission. A fundamental component for software-defined optical
networking are common abstractions and interfaces. Currently, a number of
models for optical networks are available. They all claim to provide open and
vendor agnostic management of optical equipment. In this work, we survey and
compare the most important models and propose an intent interface for creating
virtual topologies that is integrated in the existing model ecosystem.Comment: Parts of the presented work has received funding from the European
Commission within the H2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under grant
agreeement n.645127, project ACIN
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