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The accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere remains an important topic of scientific and public interest. The increase in these gases has been considered to be a major cause of global warming. In this context, agriculture, especially Brazilian livestock production, has been the target of numerous criticisms related to global warming. Appropriate agricultural practices can reduce GHG emissions and improve the sustainability of the cattle industry, being the manipulation of ruminal fermentation and the increase in the sequestration of C strategic technologies for Brazil. In this regard, this project has been implemented through the collaborative work of 4 institutions: 1) The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - EMBRAPA (EMBRAPA Livestock Southeast, EMBRAPA Instrumentation and EMBRAPA Environment); 2) The University of SĂŁo Paulo-USP (College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering and Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture); 3) The SĂŁo Paulo Agency for Agribusiness Technology APTA (Institute of Animal Science), and 4) The University of California (Davis). The project itself consisted of an experimental component and a data processing component. The experimental component aimed to evaluate different GHG mitigation strategies within the following contexts: 1) characterization of pasture productive components, 2) rumen metabolism and metagenomics; 3) animal performance and dry matter intake; 4) meat quality; 5) ruminal methane and soil GHG flux, and 6) the dynamics of organic matter and carbon stock in soil. The experimental component consisted of four trials: 1) the effects of grazing intensification and integration (integrated crop-livestock-forestry); 2) the use of pigeon pea bean in degraded pastures; 3) grass and legume intercropping for biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) of the soil, and 4) deferred grazing as a strategy for GHG mitigation. After the development of these experiments, it was identified - from among the systems currently available - those that have the greatest potential for GHG mitigation increasing soil carbon stocks. This project resulted in the training of 25 students (seven in technical training, eight in master's, seven in doctorate and three in post-doctorate degrees) and in the production of more than 60 technical-scientific publications, 12 of which are scientific articles, seven master's dissertations, seven doctoral theses, two book chapters and several abstracts in scientific events. We gratefully acknowledge SĂŁo Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), for funding this project (grant numbers #2017/20084-5) and EMBRAPA, USP, IZ and DAVIS University for the development of the study.6 e 7 de junho 2023, SĂŁo Carlos, SP
The Climate Heroes of the Future?
How farmers may earn money from greenhouse gas emission trading in the EU
Hypothesis Testing on Environmental Kuznets Curve of Agricultural Sector in Java Island: Panel Data Analysis
One obstacle in the improvement of community welfare in the agricultural sector, especially in Java, is the environmental externality which constantly exists in every economic activity. The objective of this research was to estimate greenhouse gas emission coming from agricultural sector in Java and identify whether farmers in Java had allocated environmental conservation costs as the impact of greenhouse gas emission from agricultural activities in Java. The inventory method of greenhouse gas emission from agricultural sector is based on inventory guidelines published by IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) in 2006. As for the analysis to determine the relationship between greenhouse gas emission and GRDP of agricultural subsector per agricultural labor, The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) was employed, alongside greenhouse gas emission indicators representing environmental degradation and GRDP of agricultural subsector per agricultural worker representing of per capita income of agricultural. Overall, greenhouse gas emissions, both CH4 methane emissions and carbon dioxide emission (CO2) - produced from rice cultivation, fertilizer application, livestock enteric fermentation and poultry manure - are gradually increasing. And the relationship between greenhouse gas emission and GRDP per worker has inverted-U shape; and it is in line with EKC hypothesis. Thereby, the role of the entire community elements and government support in implementing mitigation technology and agricultural adaptation is needed to cope with impacts of greenhouse gas emission, such as climate change
Women on boards and greenhouse gas emission disclosures
We apply institutional and board capital theory to examine whether women on boards are associated with disclosure and quality of <i>corporate greenhouse gas</i> (GHG) emissions related reporting. We examine the research problem in Australia in a period when no requirements existed for listed companies to appoint female directors or to report GHG emissions. This environment allows us to examine the association between women on boards and GHG emissions related disclosure in annual and sustainability reports in a voluntary setting. We find that companies with multiple female directors make GHG emissions related disclosures that are of higher quality
Impact of Regulating Greenhouse Gas Emissions on US Cattle Industry and Trade Competitiveness
Cattle Export, Gravity Model, Greenhouse Gas Emission, Trade Competitiveness, International Relations/Trade, Livestock Production/Industries, F18, Q17, Q54,
Interaction between Local Air Pollution and Global warming Policy and its Policy Implications
In this paper we study the policy interactions between meeting a greenhouse gas emission constraint and local air pollution policies. We use a partial equilibrium model of a national energy market to address three questions. First what is the greenhouse gas emission reduction one can expect if one pursues local air pollution objectives only? Second what ancillary local air pollution benefits can be expected if the only policy goal is to reduce the emission of greenhouse gasses? Third, what are the efficiency gains if both policy goals are pursued jointly?global warming; ancillary benefits; policy design; air pollution
Reallocating Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emission in EU15 Countries
This research work uses an alternative approach for modeling agricultural greenhouse gas emissions as an undesirable output, based on the zero sum gains DEA model (ZSG-DEA BCC model). This approach reallocates agricultural greenhouse gas emissions among EU15 countries. The reallocation analysis of greenhouse gas emissions permits countries that increase their emissions negotiate the emissions reduction with the others. This negotiation process might create a quota trade system for agricultural activity.DEA, Zero Sum Gains, Movement along the Efficient Frontier, Smoothed Frontier, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Environmental Economics and Policy, Q54, Q56,
Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Plan
Our team aimed to compile a greenhouse gas inventory for the St. Louis region. Partnered with OneSTL, Ameren, and the USGBC, we determined that St. Louis has a goal to reduce emissions 50% by 2030 from 2005 levels, and become carbon neutral in 2050. After analyzing the Ameren’s Integrated Resource Plan and factors such as the cost and scope of emissions, we researched funding sources to improve energy efficiency and increase renewables in the region. Our top funding sources are the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) and the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL). From the IRA, we found the following credits most effective:1. Energy Efficient Commercial Buildings Deduction2. Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund3. IRA Extended Production Tax Credits4. Clean Energy Production Tax Credits5. Alternative Fuel Refueling Property CreditFrom the BIL, we found the following programs most effective:1. Civil Nuclear Credit Program2. Energizing Rural Communities Prize3. Energy Efficiency Rotating Loan Fund Capitalization4. Industrial Research and Assessment Centers ActOur next step was modeling emissions from now to 2050. Our emissions model has shown that for us to achieve the 2030 goal we must reduce electricity use by 20%, in order to achieve an EnergyStar rating of ES 75. Possible future steps for this project are updating the GHG emissions inventory for the region, implementing ICLEI modeling, and expanding our modeling for industrial buildings
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGUNGKAPAN EMISI GAS RUMAH KACA PADA PERUSAHAAN DI INDONESIA
This research aims to obtain empirical evidence about factors influencing the extent of voluntary greenhouse gas emission disclosure on Firms operate in Indonesia. The independent variables in this research are PROPER ranking, firm size, profitability, leverage, and media. Research population are companies listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange for the year 2011-2013. Sixty nine companies become the final sample of this research.
The result of multivariate regression analysis shows that firm size, profitability, and media exposure have positive and significant effect on the extent of greenhouse gas emission disclosure. In contrast, leverage negatively and significantly affects the extent of disclosure. The result of analysis also shows that there is no significant effect of PROPER ranking on the extent of greenhouse gas emission disclosure
Greenhouse Gas Emission Mitigation and Emission Intensities in Agriculture
Energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions are closely linked. This paper reviews agricultural options to reduce energy intensities and their impacts, discusses important accounting issues related to system boundaries, land scarcity, and measurement units, and compares agricultural energy intensities and improvement potentials on an international level. Agricultural development in the past decades, while increasing yields, led to lower average energy efficiencies between the sixties and mid eighties. In the last two decades, energy intensities in developed countries increased, however, with little impact on greenhouse gas emissions. Efficiency differences across countries suggest a maximum improvement potential of 500 million tons of CO2 annually.Energy intensity, Agriculture, Greenhouse gas emissions, Mitigation potential, Fertilizer efficiency
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