Enhancing Inter-Document Similarity Using Sub Max

Document similarity, a core theme in Information Retrieval (IR), is a machine learning (ML) task associated with natural language processing (NLP). It is a measure of the distance between two documents given a set of rules. For the purpose of this thesis, two documents are similar if they are semantically alike, and describe similar concepts. While document similarity can be applied to multiple tasks, we focus our work on the accuracy of models in detecting referenced papers as similar documents using their sub max similarity. Multiple approaches have been used to determine the similarity of documents in regards to literature reviews. Some of such approaches use the number of similar citations, the similarity between the body of text, and the figures present in those documents. This researcher hypothesized that documents with sections of high similarity(sub max) but a global low similarity are prone to being overlooked by existing models as the global score of the documents are used to measure similarity. In this study, we aim to detect, measure, and show the similarity of documents based on the maximum similarity of their subsections. The sub max of any two given documents is the subsections of those documents with the highest similarity. By comparing subsections of the documents in our corpus and using the sub max, we were able to improve the performance of some models by over 100%

LLUSD Articulator - Volume 26, Number 2

Contents: 4 | Dean\u27s message7 | Bracing for accreditation14 | Developing IPE17 | Shirley Lee\u27s long commute22 | Commencement 201532 | Science: Accessing Zirconia crowns40 | How to treat a lion42 | News: Noah\u27s cleft cookies LLUUSD Ironman eBook pedagogy Healing Hands Lobbying for kids57 | Elmer Kelln: LLUSD pioneer60 | Fond Farewellshttps://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/articulator/1009/thumbnail.jp

Seeking a new world: Modernism and alternative spirituality

This thesis traces the way in which established modes of belief lingered, and yet were transmogrified, in the work of some major modernist figures in the mid-twentieth century. The aim of the project is thus to analyse and reintegrate the cultural role of spirituality in Britain and I do so by combining archival research with literary and visual analysis of major and lesser-known works. My methodology is informed by recent critical work which has sought to show why spirituality was an integral component of British modernism; however, I develop a reading which stresses the complexity of this intellectual and emotional landscape. Rather than focus purely on occult and Christian traditions, whose importance within the cultural discourses of the period is now widely recognised, this thesis considers the significance of a more porous category of belief. The interwar years saw the vogue of the guru; typified by the notoriety attracted to figures such as G.I. Gurdjieff and P.D. Ouspensky who taught independent systems of spiritual development, composed of ideas drawn from varied traditions. The increasing turn to Eastern religion also manifested something of this syncretic tendency, with enthusiasm often directed at specific facets of their traditions, notably the techniques of yoga and meditation, rather than the system as a whole. There was also excitement in activities that bordered on the mystical such as astrology, as well as forms of alternative therapies, that while directed as physical well-being, often had a heavily spiritual component. I thus argue that the category of ‘alternative spirituality’ provides a useful way of characterising these heterogenous pursuits and functions as crucial lens to illuminate artistic tendencies within the modern movement. In contrast to the fragmented form of the self stressed in multiple traditions of criticism, I argue that spiritual ideas fostered a counter-veiling strand of confidence in a sacredly endowed notion of being which acted to unite and animate the work of a range of authors. Each chapter of the thesis focuses on a key figure, but sets them in their matrix of intellectual, aesthetic and social connections. The figures are: Virginia Woolf, Aldous Huxley, John Middleton Murry, Naomi Mitchison and Ithell Colquhoun. They range from the canonical to the more marginalised, but I chart how each shared an immanentist sensibility that nurtured an optimistic tenor within their works; particularly the belief that the spiritual could lead to the transformation of the world-at-large. The chapters consider how this apprehension unites Murry’s mystically infused criticism and politics of the 1930s with Huxley’s spiritual-pacificist vision articulated in his novel Eyeless in Gaza (1936); as well as Mitchison’s yoking of ideas of cosmic consciousness with a socialist futurity in both her historical fiction and social realism. This impulse, I will argue, was also manifested in a rarefied appreciation of the art object; an idea that is central to both Colquhoun’s magical automatism from the 1940s and the emphasis placed on the artist’s epiphanic insight that is found in the writings of Murry and Woolf. By placing the work of these diverse practitioners alongside each other I emphasise the way which mid-twentieth century culture, even in the absence of institutional faith, was still deeply imbibed by an affirmative spiritual vision of life

Otterbein Towers Spring 1995

https://digitalcommons.otterbein.edu/archives_alumnitowers/1086/thumbnail.jp

Success-At Long Last: The Abolition of the Death Penalty in Massachusetts, 1928-1984

The national debate regarding the death penalty has raged for decades, consistently attracting a high degree of media, political, and legal attention. The effort to abolish the death penalty in Massachusetts was no different; the movement was a decades-long struggle that ensnared politicians, activists, falsely accused defendants, and the Supreme Judicial Court. This Article traces the contours of the anti-death penalty movement through the work of Sara Ehrmann, head of the Massachusetts Council Against the Death Penalty (MCADP), the numerous governors who had to confront this politically vexing issue, and the Supreme Judicial Court, which drove the final nail into the death penalty coffin in Massachusetts. This Article illustrates that the death penalty met its demise in Massachusetts because of tireless activists like Ehrmann, steadfast governors, and principled Supreme Judicial Court judges who used the law to invalidate the ultimate penalty

Between the Event and the Ordinary: Climate Crises and the Ecologies of Everyday Life in the California Desert

The notion of an environmental crisis or catastrophe conjures connotations of rupture, emergency, and impermanence: an intermediary moment of chaos in which the normal order of things collapses in on itself only to be brought back to life—or “recovered”—after the crisis is finished. It is by definition an event out of the ordinary, which in turn is idealised as the realm of routine, repetition, and the reproduction of the social order. But how might such crises permeate the body, home, and other ecologies of everyday life? And how might these ecologies be marshalled and transformed in a time of unfolding change? California is currently caught in a cascade of intersecting environmental crises, erupting most spectacularly with the state’s “historic” drought, which lasted from 2011 to 2017 and peaked in 2014/2015. Alongside the drought and its second order ramifications like wild fires and dust storms, the local manifestations of a changing climate are converging to generate among Californians a sense of near-constant crisis that is both powerful and widespread. Based on thirteen months' fieldwork from June 2014 to July 2015 in the arid lands of Central and Southern California, this thesis examines everyday lived experiences of space and time amidst this scene of instability and uncertainty. Each chapter tracks from a different vantage point the ways in which people are experimenting with the material, practical, and symbolic elements of “the ordinary” in response to the discontinuities introduced into daily life by forces beyond their control. It is my assertion that these ongoing and open-ended practices are poorly captured by the concept of “recovery”—a recurrent figure in the anthropology of disaster—which strongly suggests a telos of return to some or another pre-disaster way of life. The central argument of the thesis, then, is that these processes of experimentation must be understood in an analytical framework that embraces rather than disavows the mutual absorption of the ordinary and the event. As such, the thesis examines the improvisational as well as the habitual aspects of everyday life, whilst also directing attention to the generative as well as destructive dimensions of environmental crisis. Sure enough, environmental crises can incite shock and trauma in those that live through them. At their most extreme, they may also reduce life to a state of bare survival. Yet my interlocutors also took great pride in their collective capacities not only to “weather the storm” but also to invent new modes of self-sufficiency in response to their altered physical circumstances. In doing so, they all drew heavily upon images of California’s past in order to make sense of their present and chart paths for future action. As such, the thesis will contribute to anthropologies of disaster, the ordinary, and historical imagination and practice in the contemporary United States.U.K. Economic and Social Research Council

Infometrics : history ans trends

Numa releitura da história das metrias da informação em todas suas variantes, o presente Capítulo resgata a contribuição de numerosos pesquisadores da Ïndia, bem como da Europa Oriental e da antiga União Soviética, estes últimos notadamente no domínio da cientometria. O Interesse pelos estudos infométricos no Brasil, e mais particularmente pela bibliometria, nos anos 70-80 do passado século, experimentou posteriormente um declínio significativo, para renascer com nova pujança nos últimos anos, emnumerosas aplicações. A intenção deste longo Capítulo é mostrar, com o auxílio de exemplos concretos, a variedade de aplicações das metrias da informação e, o que é mais importante, ―como fazer‖. Sob uma variedade de nomes – bibliometria, infometria, cientometria, webmetria, etc. – as técnicas infométricas abrem à ciência da informação um brilhante leque de aplicações nos procesos informacionais de representação, organização, gestão, recuperação, planejamento, inferência, tomada de decisão, competitividade, inovação, e todos os desdobramentos políticos, sociais, econômicos, educativos e culturais.In a new reading of the history of infometrics in its whole variety, this Capter uncovers the contribution of a number of Indian, as well as East-European and Russian researchers, the last ones mainly in the domain of scientometrics. The interest, in Brazil, on infometrics, and more precisely in bibliometrics, in the decades of the s seventies and eighties of the last century suffered later on a significant decrease by a recent and strong revival in numerous issues. Special attention is paid in this lon Chapter to show, with the support of numerous examples, to the diversity of infometrics uses and, more important, to ―how to do it‖.Under a variety of names – bibliometrics, infometrics, scientometrics, webmetrics, and so one – infometrics opens a wide and briklliant diversity of actual applications in information recording, organizining, managing, processing, retrieving, forecasting, innovating, decision-making, as well as founding social, economic, cuktural and educationa policies

Toxic Timescapes: Examining Toxicity across Time and Space

An interdisciplinary environmental humanities volume that explores human-environment relationships on our permanently polluted planet. While toxicity and pollution are ever present in modern daily life, politicians, juridical systems, media outlets, scholars, and the public alike show great difficulty in detecting, defining, monitoring, or generally coming to terms with them. This volume’s contributors argue that the source of this difficulty lies in the struggle to make sense of the intersecting temporal and spatial scales working on the human and more-than-human body, while continuing to acknowledge race, class, and gender in terms of global environmental justice and social inequality. The term toxic timescapes refers to this intricate intersectionality of time, space, and bodies in relation to toxic exposure. As a tool of analysis, it unpacks linear understandings of time and explores how harmful substances permeate temporal and physical space as both event and process. It equips scholars with new ways of creating data and conceptualizing the past, present, and future presence and possible effects of harmful substances and provides a theoretical framework for new environmental narratives. To think in terms of toxic timescapes is to radically shift our understanding of toxicants in the complex web of life. Toxicity, pollution, and modes of exposure are never static; therefore, dose, timing, velocity, mixture, frequency, and chronology matter as much as the geographic location and societal position of those exposed. Together, these factors create a specific toxic timescape that lies at the heart of each contributor’s narrative. Contributors from the disciplines of history, human geography, science and technology studies, philosophy, and political ecology come together to demonstrate the complex reality of a toxic existence. Their case studies span the globe as they observe the intersection of multiple times and spaces at such diverse locations as former battlefields in Vietnam, aging nuclear-weapon storage facilities in Greenland, waste deposits in southern Italy, chemical facilities along the Gulf of Mexico, and coral-breeding laboratories across the world.https://ohioopen.library.ohio.edu/oupress/1014/thumbnail.jp