Monitoring of Gaseous Pollutants in Industrial Plant

Import 04/11/2015Bakalářská práce se zabývá problematikou monitorování plynných škodlivin v průmyslovém podniku. První část je zaměřena na popis metod a měřících principů stanovení koncentrace plynných škodlivin. Detailněji se věnuje některým druhům analyzátorů. Druhá část práce popisuje monitorování plynných škodlivin ve vybraných provozech průmyslového podniku ArcelorMittal. Závěr práce se zabývá praktickou aplikací u přístroje ALTAIR Pro.The bachelor thesis deals with the determination of monitoring of gaseous pollutants in industrial plant. The first part focuses on the description of methods and principles of measurement for determining the concentration of gaseous pollutants. It deals more specifically with some kinds of analyzers. The second part describes monitoring of gaseous pollutants in selected parts of production in the industrial plant ArcelorMittal. Finally, the Thesis deals with the practical application of the ALTAIR Pro.361 - Katedra energetikydobř

A Nonlinear Dynamical Model to Study the Removal of Gaseous and Particulate Pollutants in a Rain System

An ecological type nonlinear mathematical model is proposed to study the removal of gaseous pollutants and two distinct particulate matters by precipitation scavenging in the atmosphere. The atmosphere during precipitation consists of five interacting phases namely the raindrops phase, the gaseous pollutants phase, the smaller particulate matters phase, the larger particulate matters phase and the absorbed phase of gaseous pollutants. We assume that gaseous pollutants are removed from the atmosphere by the processes of impaction as well as by absorption while particulate matters are assumed to be removed by impaction process. The model is analyzed using stability theory of nonlinear differential equations. It is shown that, under appropriate conditions, the pollutants can be removed from the atmosphere and their removal rates would depend mainly upon the rates of emission of pollutants, rate of rain drops formation and the rate of raindrops falling on the ground. If the rate of precipitation is very high, all the pollutants (gaseous as well as particulate matters) would be removed completely from the atmosphere. A numerical study is also performed to study the dynamics of the model system. The results are found to be in line with the experimental observations published in the literature

Performance and Pollution Measurements of Two-Row Swirl-Can Combustor Having 72 Modules

A test program was conducted to evaluate the performance and gaseous-pollutant levels of an experimental full-annulus 72-module swirl-can combustor. A comparison of data with those for a 120-module swirl-can combustor showed no significant difference in performance or levels of gaseous pollutants. Oxides of nitrogen were correlated for the 72- and 120-swirl-can combustors by using a previously developed parameter

Effects of coarse particulate matter on emergency hospital admissions for respiratory diseases: A time-series analysis in Hong Kong

Background: Many epidemiological studies have linked daily counts of hospital admissions to particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm (PM 10) and ≤ 2.5 μm (PM 2.5), but relatively few have investigated the relationship of hospital admissions with coarse PM (PM c; 2.5-10 μm aerodynamic diameter). Objectives: We conducted this study to estimate the health effects of PM c on emergency hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in Hong Kong after controlling for PM 2.5 and gaseous pollutants. Methods: We conducted a time-series analysis of associations between daily emergency hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in Hong Kong from January 2000 to December 2005 and daily PM 2.5 and PM c concentrations. We estimated PMc concentrations by subtracting PM 2.5 from PM 10 measurements. We used generalized additive models to examine the relationship between PM c (single- and multiday lagged exposures) and hospital admissions adjusted for time trends, weather conditions, influenza outbreaks, PM 2.5, and gaseous pollutants (nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone). Results: A 10.9-μg/m 3 (interquartile range) increase in the 4-day moving average concentration of PM c was associated with a 1.94% (95% confidence interval: 1.24%, 2.64%) increase in emergency hospital admissions for respiratory diseases that was attenuated but still significant after controlling for PM 2.5. Adjusting for gaseous pollutants and altering models assumptions had little influence on PM c effect estimates. Conclusion: PM c was associated with emergency hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in Hong Kong independent of PM 2.5 and gaseous pollutants. Further research is needed to evaluate health effects of different components of PM c.published_or_final_versio

Experimental assessment of exposure to gaseous pollutants from mattresses and pillows while asleep

Every human spends 30% of his or her lifetime and about 70% of the time he or she is at home in their bed. Mattresses, pillows and bedlinnen are heavily treated with flame-retardants, detergents etc, substances that are known to have, next to a useful effect, an impact on human health. While asleep, the nose and mouth are in the direct proximity of these sources for a long period of time. Although these circumstances seem worrying at the least, virtually no research has been published on the exposure to and intake emissions from bedding. This paper presents the results form climate chamber tests with a breathing thermal mannequin that assess the intake fraction for nose breathing for gaseous emissions from mattresses and pillows under steady state conditions, using a continuous SF6 source. The intake fractions for supine, lateral and prone sleep positions as well as different bedding arrangements are reported. The results demonstrate that the human metabolism is a dominant factor in the dilution of emissions in close proximity of the nose, reducing exposure by 40% compared to a case without metabolic heat output. This effect is more important than the sleep position. Additionally, covering the head with the bedding is shown to increase exposure with magnifying factor of 25 and is therefore to be avoided

Cement Dust Air Pollution and Its Effects on Human Health in Ewekoro Local Government Area Ogun State, Nigeria

Many developing nations like Nigeria, the causes of air pollution are numerous ranging from disposal of domestic and industrial wastes, bush burning, gas glaring, car exhaust, etc. all these activities affect well-being of human. Cement factory air pollution is classified as one of the sources of air pollution that increase respiratory diseases in community. This paper focuses on the dimensions of the spatial pattern, standards limit of gaseous pollutants (CO, CO2 and SO2), and health record of the community. Suspended particles were monitored using ToxiRAE II for (Carbon Monoxide and Sulphur) and ALNOR CF910 for (carbon dioxide) air sampler to assess the levels of gaseous pollutants throughout the community. Data on health was collected at the neighborhood health centers. The data was analyzed and the statistical aspect was carried on with the help of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) for the relationship between the pollutant and health record collected where the root means square (r2) show the significance 0.010703, 0.845100, and 0.000733 for SO2, CO, and CO2 respectively. Keywords: Air pollution; Community health; Gaseous Pollutants; GIS DOI: 10.7176/JEES/11-11-04 Publication date: November 30th 2021