Public Market Trade Areas: Local Goods, Farmers, and Community in the U.S. Southwest Region, 1996-2016

The number of public markets in the United States increased from more than 300 in the 1970s to more than 8,600 by 2016. This increase in markets is related to changes in food production, localism and the local food systems movement, socioeconomic changes, cultural changes, and perceptions of embeddedness. Research on the underlying conditions for the success of public markets is scant in the United States, and especially in the USDA Southwest Region. This study provides analysis of public market locations as compared with non-market locations by drive-time trade areas during a 20-year period, 1996 and 2016, to gain further insights into factors leading to their success. The results from logit regression analyses and simulations of socioeconomic, college-town status, and climate-grid classifications find an increased likelihood of public markets with population, education, college town status, and some climate-grid locations. Median income, surprisingly, has an inverse relationship with public market success. Qualitative data and a literature review point to three types of embeddedness that motivate customers to attend public markets. This study concludes that "local nontradable consumer goods" tied to place are offered at these "nontradable consumption amenities." These amenities are "third places" that promote social interaction and become important places of community, farmer support, and commerce across the Southwest Region

Abordagem preditiva e adaptativa de gestão operacional aplicada à cadeia de suprimentos do varejo Omni-channel

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção, Florianópolis, 2020.A evolução tecnológica e a digitalização possibilitam a comercialização de produtos através de múltiplos canais e plataformas de forma integrada, propiciando a gestão de varejo omnichannel. Esse processo contínuo de integração das tecnologias digitais/virtuais aos processos gerenciais físicos dos diversos canais influencia na interação das organizações com os clientes. O comportamento de consumo dos clientes é influenciado em decorrência do aumento da conveniência, tornando, contudo, a gestão operacional das cadeias de suprimentos do varejo mais complexa. Para a gestão da cadeia de suprimentos de varejo omni-channel a complexidade reside na incerteza, oscilações no volume de vendas e incompatibilidade entre oferta e demanda. Para lidar com essa complexidade é necessária a adoção de abordagens inovadoras relacionadas a tecnologias de informação e métodos de decisão inteligentes, destacados pela indústria 4.0. No entanto, ainda faltam pesquisas sobre a conexão entre os mundos digital e real, principalmente quando se trata de cadeias de suprimentos de varejo omni-channel, que se baseiam na integração de fluxos e atividades multicanais para melhor atender ao consumidor. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo propor uma abordagem preditiva e adaptativa para a gestão operacional combinando aprendizado de máquina para minimizar a incerteza, e otimização baseada em simulação para lidar com a sincronização entre oferta e demanda, aplicada à cadeia de suprimentos do varejo omni-channel. Para isso foram identificados os métodos de aprendizado de máquina, de simulação e de otimização aplicados à cadeia de suprimentos e a indústria 4.0 com o intuito de apoiar a escolha do método de redes neurais e da otimização baseada em simulação por meio do algoritmo genético. O método de redes neurais e a otimização baseada em simulação foram analisados por meio de aplicação de um caso teste, visando identificar a aplicabilidade do método levantado na literatura, na gestão operacional da cadeia de suprimentos varejista omni-channel. Em seguida, a abordagem preditiva e adaptativa é aplicada a uma empresa varejista brasileira e como resultado um modelo de gerenciamento operacional de demanda e suprimentos é proposto para a cadeia de suprimentos varejista omnichannel. Os resultados da aplicação do modelo evidenciaram uma redução dos custos da cadeia de suprimentos, do tempo de entrega dos produtos e da quantidade de pedidos provenientes da incompatibilidade de oferta-demanda. Dessa forma, a tese possibilitou a redução das incertezas proveniente da previsão de demanda, redução da falta de produtos na cadeia, e consequentemente um melhor gerenciamento da distribuição da cadeia de suprimentos.Abstract: Technological evolution and digitalization enable the commercialization of products through multiple channels and platforms in an integrated way, providing omni-channel retail management. This ongoing process of integrating digital / virtual technologies into the physical management processes of the various channels influences the interaction of organizations with customers. Customer consumption behavior is influenced by the increase in convenience, however, making the operational management of retail supply chains more complex. For the management of the omni-channel retail supply chain the complexity lies in uncertainty, fluctuations in sales volume and incompatibility between supply and demand. To address this complexity, it is necessary to adopt innovative approaches related to information technologies and intelligent decision methods, highlighted by industry 4.0. However, there is still a lack of research on the connection between the digital and real worlds, especially when it comes to omni-channel retail supply chains, which are based on the integration of multi-channel flows and activities to better serve the consumer. In this context, this research aims to propose a predictive and adaptive approach to operational management combining machine learning to minimize uncertainty, and simulation-based optimization to deal with synchronization between supply and demand, applied to the omni-channel retail supply chain. For this, the machine learning, simulation and optimization methods applied to the supply chain and industry 4.0 were identified in order to support the choice of neural networks method and simulation-based optimization through the genetic algorithm. The neural networks method and the simulationbased optimization were analyzed by applying a test case, aiming to identify the applicability of the method raised in the literature, in the operational management of the omni-channel retail supply chain. The predictive and adaptive approach is then applied to a Brazilian retail company and as a result an operational demand and supply management model is proposed for the omnichannel retail supply chain. The results of the model application showed a reduction in the supply chain costs, in the products fulfillment time and in the quantity of orders resulting from the incompatibility of supply and demand. In this way, the thesis allowed reduce uncertainties arising from demand forecasting, reduce product shortages in the chain, and thereby better manage supply chain distribution

Place-based Approach to Regional Policy – Polish, Slovakian and Ukrainian Youth Perspective. Selection of Proceedings

This collection of proceedings is divided into three parts. First one gives examples on the strategic approach to regional development. First chapter, presented by Agnieszka Dembicka-Niemiec is attempt to outline the impact of sustainable development approach to urban policy. It is followed by the contribution of Andrea Miškovičová, who presented some Slovakian experience on the implementation of a creative city strategy. Last work, by Olga Janiszewska and Katarzyna Wiśniewska, is a comparative analysis of development strategies of the city of Lublin and Lubelskie regions, searching for the cohesion between these documents. Second part of the book is the presentation of some specific and practical solutions in the field of urban development policy and regional policy. Here, Edyta Szafranek presents the integrated territorial investments as a tool for implementing the regional policy in the spirit of place based approach. Second chapter of this part provides a Reader with a case study of implementing more and more popular tool of for engaging local communities, which is a participatory budgeting. An example used here by Barbara Skórzak and Piotr Salata-Kochanowski comes from Lodz – a third-largest city in Poland, which is the pioneer of this approach in Central Europe. The last of tools presented here comes from the work of Agnieszka Pietrasik, who presented a model of integrated water resources management in the city of Łódź. It can be concluded that this is a tangible example of the application of sustainable development approach to city ecosystems’ design. Last part of the monograph is devoted to the most universal trends, that can be perceived as a “global framework” for local and regional development policies. Here, a contribution of Iryna Skavronska shows the advantages and disadvantages of using sports mega-events as a tool of regional and urban transformation, while last chapter, prepared by Lesya Kolinets, outlines the impact of global financial crisis: impact on Central and Eastern Europe.Despite over 40 years of European Cohesion Policy experience, it is still evolving to meet the changes of the socio-economical situation. During the recent years, there is more and more common belief that what can decide about the power of the European Union, it is a variability of institutional contexts of regional development. It means that both studies on local and regional aspects of socio-economic development, as well as relevant policy tools in this matter, should consider on larger and larger scale, so called place-based approach to regional policy. The latter refers to the necessity of capturing “territorial” diversity of European space on different scales of policy intervention. Regional scientists gathered in the European Regional Science Association – Polish Section decided to verify, how this modern paradigm of regional policy is perceived by students and young scientists living in Central European countries. For this purpose, a seminar for Polish, Ukrainian and Slovakian participants has been organized. What was particularly interesting in this context, it was both the perception of the advantage of being a member of European community for these countries who joined UE at the beginning of 21st century, and the expectations of young Ukrainians, whose country is nowadays on a serious political crossroad, from the EU. This monograph is a material effect of a reunion of Polish, Slovakian and Ukrainian students and young scientists, for whom the European Regional Science Association – Polish Section created a forum for strengthening cross-border cooperation, exchange of experience and development of skills and competencies in the field of regional policy and regional economy, broadly defined

City, Retail and Consumption

[Italiano]: City, Retail and Consumption si concentra sul cambiamento degli spazi urbani attraverso la chiave interpretativa offerta dal commercio e dal consumo, tra processi di globalizzazione e radicamento nei contesti locali. Il libro è stato pubblicato nel 2015 come risultato del quarto seminario internazionale sui tre temi, realizzato all'Università di Napoli “L’Orientale” dal 14 al 17 ottobre 2013 grazie al contributo di geografi di vari paesi (Brasile, Francia, Italia, Portogallo e Spagna) e arricchito da contributi di specialisti (architetti, urbanisti, ingegneri, economisti) e stakeholders. Il volume raccoglie quasi cinquanta testi scritti dopo un fruttuoso dibattito non solo su teorie, approcci e metodi, ma anche sulle implicazioni pratiche della pianificazione urbana per i luoghi dello shopping e del consumo. I casi studio spaziano da San Paolo a Presidente Prudente, da Buenos Aires a Città del Messico ed ancora da Barcellona e Lleida a Lisbona, Parigi, Ankara, Copenhagen e molte città italiane. Attraverso diverse scale di analisi, gli autori hanno posto la loro attenzione su temi rilevanti per gli studi urbani: resilienza, sostenibilità, dialettica tra spazi pubblici e privati, impatto dell’e-commerce nelle aree urbane, gentrificazione residenziale e commerciale, neoliberismo e diritto alla città. /[English]: City, Retail and Consumption focuses on changing urban spaces through the interpretative key offered by retail and consumption, between globalization processes and the embeddedness in local contexts. The book was published in 2015 as the result of the fourth international seminar on the three issues, carried out at the University of Naples “L’Orientale” from 14 to 17 October 2013 thanks to the contribution of geographers from various countries (Brazil, France, Italy, Portugal and Spain) and enriched by contributions from specialists (architects, urban planners, engineers, economists) and stakeholders. The volume collects almost fifty texts written after a fruitful debate not only about theories, approaches and methods but also about the practical implications of the urban planning for shopping and consumption places. The case studies range from Sao Paulo to Presidente Prudente, from Buenos Aires to Mexico City and again from Barcelona and Lleida to Lisbon, Paris, Ankara, Copenhagen and many Italian cities. Through different scales of analysis, the contributors have indeed paid their attention on relevant issues to urban studies: resilience, sustainability, dialectic between public and private spaces, impact of e-commerce in urban areas, residential and retail gentrification, neoliberalism and the right to the city

Analyse des clientèles actuelles et potentielles d'un centre de villégiature

La littérature et l'expertise reliée au géomarketing sont relativement nouvelles dans les milieux universitaires québécois et cette discipline située entre la géographie, la géomatique et le marketing se transforme rapidement. Le potentiel offert par l'utilisation des SIG et des données nouvellement disponibles nous permet d'envisager l'utilisation d'une approche géomarketing adaptée au domaine du tourisme. Dans ce contexte, cette étude s'intéresse à un centre de villégiature 4 saisons situé à une quarantaine de kilomètres au nord-ouest de la ville de Québec dans la municipalité régionale de comté (MRC) de La Jacques-Cartier. Par une approche de recherche exploratoire, l'objectif principal est d'analyser la répartition spatiale des consommateurs et des clientèles potentielles d'un centre de villégiature dans les régions métropolitaines de recensement (RMR) de Québec et de Montréal. La cartographie nous a permis d'analyser la distribution spatiale des consommateurs. Afin d'identifier sur le territoire d'où provient la majorité de la clientèle potentielle et de délimiter une zone de chalandise, cette recherche s'est intéressée au comportement spatial du touriste et de l'effet de distance. Enfin, la segmentation de marché à partir des caractéristiques sociodémographiques des consommateurs du centre de villégiature a permis d'illustrer des potentiels de marketing direct pour la prospection de nouveaux clients

‘Beyond the border is where food is’ - COVID-19, cross-border fish traders and food security around the Ghana-Togo border

COVID-19 containment measures have had documented worldwide social and economic consequences. In Ghana, restrictions included a lockdown and border closures, limiting movement of people and goods therefore hindering intra-regional trade. Cross-border fish trade is a significant feature of West African countries and economies, enhancing livelihoods and food security for millions, particularly women. Using theories of food security, the border, trade networks and gender, this thesis aims at pointing out the different effects that the COVID-19 crisis has had on cross-border fish trade and food security at a local level. A two-month fieldwork in Ghana was conducted in 2021 and consisted primarily of a survey and semi-structured interviews. Online secondary data was also collected. Loss of incomes, deterioration of trade networks, difficulty and brutality in border crossing and decrease in variety and quality of diets are some of the main findings. The effects were aggravated by a non-COVID-19 related seasonal scarcity of fish. I conclude that cross-border fish traders as well as people who rely on them are now suffering from food insecurity, a condition deepened by their limited resilience and lack of agency.Master's Thesis in GeographyGEO350MASV-PHYGMASV-GEOGMASV-MEHAMPGEOG