Research on the Core Competitive Power Elements Evaluation System of Green Hotel

 Green hotel is a new type of hospitality industry development model based on the concept of circular economy and sustainable development. This paper makes an analysis and evaluation of the elements of green hotel core competence, on this basis, constructs the Green Hotel core competitive evaluation index system.The construction of the system is conducive to understand the green hotel’s own competitive advantage objectively, and explore ways to enhance its core competitiveness, providing objective basis for sustainable development of China's Hotel industry

Entry mode selection for internationalization of giant Chinese state owned companies: The case of entrance in Africa of China communications construction company

Enterprise internationalization is an inevitable choice as open economies develop to a certain level. According to the direct investment development path theory of John Dunning, when the GNP Per Capita exceeds $3000, the net foreign investment will be positive. With rapid development over the past three decades, China’s international economic position and influence have significantly improved and its GNP Per Capita has surpassed$ 4000, it has entered the rapid growth stage for investment development as described in Dunning’s theory. At this stage, the market entry mode selection is the first issue to tackle for enterprise internationalization. This thesis takes China’s giant state owned construction companies as research object and the author analyzes the internal and external environments and the strategic selection for internationalization operation, and describes the conceptions, categories, internal attributes and factors of market entry mode selection for internationalization of construction companies. This thesis focuses on China Communications Construction Company Ltd (hereinafter referred to as CCCC), representative of giant Chinese state owned construction companies, sets up the SWOT analysis and weight system and conducts strategic positioning. Based on the above strategic positioning, the author takes into consideration the national background of these companies and puts forward three assumptions and their theoretical framework. The thesis takes CCCC’s entry into the market of Kenya and Angola as an example, verifies the effectiveness and application of the theoretical framework, and makes up the deficiency of the theory on market entry mode selection for enterprise internationalization, providing reference for enterprises’ market entry practice.Quando as economias abertas atingem um determinado nível de desenvolvimento a internacionalização das empresas torna-se uma escolha inevitável. De acordo com a teoria de investiemnto directo de John Dunning, quando o rendimento per capita excede $3000, o investimento estrangeiro liquido será positivo. Com um crescimento económico rápido nas últimas três décadas, a posição económica internacional da China e influência melhoraram significativamente e o seu rendimento per capita ultrapassou os$4000. Atingiu, deste modo, o estágio defendido por Dunning. Esta tese tem como objecto de pesquisa as empresas “gigantes” estatais Chinesas do ramo das obras públicas e o autor analisa a envolvente interna e externa e a escolha estratégica dos modos de internacionalização das mesmas. Esta tese foca-se na empresa chinesa – China Communications Construction Company Ltd (CCCC), representante das empresas gigantes estatais chinesas de obras públicas, descrevendo o processo de realização da análise SWOT. Tendo por base o posicionamento estratégico da empresa, o autor analisa o contexto em que esta empresa se desenvolveu e avança com três pressupostos no que concerne à sua internacionalização. A tese compara também os processos de entrada da CCCC em Angola e no Quénia

Competition law in Bulgaria after central planning

The authors investigate the activities of the Bulgarian competition office, the Commission for the Protection of Competition, for the years 1991-95. They provide descriptive statistics on the industry incidence of investigations, the types of behavior investigated, and the frequency with which violations were found and penalties imposed. Although the Commission tried to focus on nontradable sectors, and to target both cartel and abuse-of-dominance cases, the remedies they imposed appear to have been rather ineffective. Moreover, instead of focusing on hard-core anticompetitive behavior, much of the Commission's activity centered on"unfair"trade practices (such as false advertising, trademark infringement, and the behavior of ex-employees of specific enterprises). Many enforcement cases basically dealt with contract enforcement problems. Only a small percentage of cases concerned collusive practices that restricted entry/expansion, such as bid-rigging, price-fixing, and market allocation. And remedies for egregious violations of the law were not dire enough to give firms a strong incentive to abide by the law. Recently proposed amendments to the law should go some way toward allowing the Commission to focus more narrowly on anticompetitive practices, and to strengthen the law's deterrent effect.Markets and Market Access,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Labor Policies,ICT Policy and Strategies,Markets and Market Access,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,ICT Policy and Strategies,Access to Markets

Wpływ konfiguracji technologii zrównoważonej produkcji przedsiębiorstw herbacianych w Chinach: w oparciu o metodę FsQCA

Using the survey data of 45 tea enterprises in Fujian Province, China, this paper adopted fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to study the adoption of the sustainable production technologies by tea enterprises. The results show that there are two configurations for the path to achieve the adoption of high sustainable production technologies. The core condition combination of the first configuration is the existence of sustainable development capabilities, the degree of government support, and the resource and environmental endowment, while that of the second configuration is the existence of enterprise expected value, industrial organization mode and the resource and environmental endowment. Moreover, the path achieving non-highly sustainable production technologies adoption mainly summarized as a configuration. Specifically, the core condition is the absence of sustainable development capabilities, enterprise development strategies, and the resource and environmental endowments. Furthermore, some practical policy recommendations were put forward based on the above conclusions in this paper.Korzystając z danych ankietowych 45 przedsiębiorstw herbacianych w prowincji Fujian w Chinach, w niniejszym artykule przyjęto jakościową analizę porównawczą zbiorów rozmytych (fsQCA) w celu zbadania przyjęcia zrównoważonych technologii produkcji przez przedsiębiorstwa produkujące herbatę. Wyniki pokazują, że istnieją dwie konfiguracje ścieżki prowadzącej do przyjęcia wysoce zrównoważonych technologii produkcji. Podstawową kombinacją warunków pierwszej konfiguracji jest możliwość zrównoważonego rozwoju, stopnia wsparcia rządowego oraz wyposażenia w zasoby i środowisko, podczas gdy druga konfiguracja to wartość oczekiwana przedsiębiorstwa, tryb organizacji przemysłowej oraz zasobów i dotacja środowiskowa. Ponadto ścieżka prowadząca do przyjęcia niezbyt zrównoważonych technologii produkcji została podsumowana głównie jako konfiguracja. Podstawowym warunkiem jest brak możliwości zrównoważonego rozwoju, strategii rozwoju przedsiębiorstw oraz zasobów i środków środowiskowych. Ponadto w niniejszym dokumencie przedstawiono kilka praktycznych zaleceń dotyczących polityki opartych na powyższych wnioskach

The construction and application of brand value evaluation model for China's pharmaceutical industry

In today's information age, strong brands can prolong the life cycle of products and enhance the competitiveness and overall value of pharmaceutical enterprises. Therefore, this study hopes to build a set of brand value evaluation system suitable for Chinese pharmaceutical industry, and dig deep into the connotation of brand value of Chinese pharmaceutical industry. Through a brief analysis of the advantages and limitations of the current mainstream brand value assessment methods at home and abroad, this study selects the relatively authoritative Interbrand model to optimize and improve. The improvement of Interbrand model mainly involves the following three aspects: First, for the determination of the brand function index, the analytic hierarchy process is used instead of the expert scoring method to determine the excess return that the brand brings to the enterprise. The second is to introduce consumer strength and socio-cultural strength when calculating brand strength. Thirdly, the weight of each factor of brand strength is adjusted, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to calculate the evaluation index. Finally, Y Company is taken as an example to apply the adjusted Interbrand model, and the rationality of the results of this study is expounded. This study modifies the Interbrand model as the basic model, and preliminarily constructs the brand value evaluation system of Chinese pharmaceutical industry, hoping to enrich the research of brand value of Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises with a certain reference significance.Atualmente, na era da informação, marcas fortes podem prolongar o ciclo de vida dos seus produtos e melhorar a competitividade e valor global das empresas na indústria farmacêutica. Neste sentido, este estudo espera contribuir para a construção de um sistema de avaliação de valor da marca ajustado à industria farmacêutica na China, procurando aprofundar, igualmente, a noção de valor de marca para esta indústria. Através de uma análise das vantagens e desvantagens dos principais métodos de avaliação de marca, nacional e internacionalmente, este estudo selecionou o modelo Interbrand para o optimizar e melhorar neste contexto. A tentativa de melhoria do Modelo Interbrand envolve 3 aspetos: primeiro, para a determinação do índice de função de marca, o processo de hierarquia analítica é usado em vez do método de pontuação de especialistas para determinar o retorno que a marca traz à empresa. O segundo procura apresentar a força do consumidor e a força sociocultural ao calcular a força da marca. Finalmente, o peso de cada fator de força da marca é ajustado, e o método de avaliação abrangente "fuzzy" é usado para calcular o índice de avaliação. Finalmente, o Grupo Y é usado como exemplo para aplicar o Modelo Interbrand ajustado, e a racionalidade dos resultados deste estudo é apresentada Este estudo modifica o modelo Interbrand como modelo básico e procura atualizá-lo para construir um sistema de avaliação do valor da marca para a indústria farmacêutica na China esperando enriquecer a investigação nesta área

A robust fuzzy possibilistic AHP approach for partner selection in international strategic alliance

The international strategic alliance is an inevitable solution for making competitive advantage and reducing the risk in today’s business environment. Partner selection is an important part in success of partnerships, and meanwhile it is a complicated decision because of various dimensions of the problem and inherent conflicts of stockholders. The purpose of this paper is to provide a practical approach to the problem of partner selection in international strategic alliances, which fulfills the gap between theories of inter-organizational relationships and quantitative models. Thus, a novel Robust Fuzzy Possibilistic AHP approach is proposed for combining the benefits of two complementary theories of inter-organizational relationships named, (1) Resource-based view, and (2) Transaction-cost theory and considering Fit theory as the perquisite of alliance success. The Robust Fuzzy Possibilistic AHP approach is a noveldevelopment of Interval-AHP technique employing robust formulation; aimed at handling the ambiguity of the problem and let the use of intervals as pairwise judgments. The proposed approach was compared with existing approaches, and the results show that it provides the best quality solutions in terms of minimum error degree. Moreover, the framework implemented in a case study and its applicability were discussed

Identifying the critical factors of sustainable manufacturing using the fuzzy DEMATEL method

© 2020 Luwei Jiang et al., published by Sciendo 2020. The burgeoning trend of globalization gives rise to the formation of the manufacturing ecosystem. This study aims to identify the critical factors of sustainable manufacturing for countries and regions across the globe finding their unique ecological niches. From the perspective of the ecological niche, we develop an evaluation system of the manufacturing niche. By using the fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method, the critical factors, and its causal relationships of the manufacturing niche can be quantified and visualized. The results indicate that: (1) the evaluation system of the manufacturing niche is characterized by complexity and interactivity; (2) technical factors have the strongest impact on the evaluation system, among which R&D investment intensity and the input-output ratio of new products are key indicators; and (3) technical and policy factors are decisive for the system and actively influence economic and ecological factors. Theoretically, it is beneficial to augment the niche theory and industrial economics. Practically, it helps to create a win-win situation to facilitate governments to enact suitable industrial strategies and assist the manufacturing toward a more sustainable trajectory

Adaptation of domestic state governance to international governance models

The purpose of the article is to provide the evolving international trends of modern management models and authorial vision of model of state governance system in Ukraine, its subsystems, in particular, the system of provision of administrative services that is appropriate for the contemporary times. Methodology. On the basis of scientific and theoretical approaches to the definitions of terms “state governance” and “public governance”, there was an explanation of considerable difference between them and, taking into consideration, the mentality of Ukrainian society and peculiar weak side in self-organization, the authors offered to form authorial model of governance on the basis of historically traditional for Ukraine model of state governance and to add some elements of management concepts that proved their significance, efficiency and priority in practice. Results. The authors emphasized the following two prevailing modern management models in the international practice: “new state management” and “good governance”. The first concept offered for consideration served as a basis for the semantic content of state activity that reflects more the state of administrative reformation. Practical meaning. A practical introduction of management to the domestic model of governance creates the range of contradictions that do not allow implementing herein concept. Pursuant to authors, the second one allows in considerable measure to reform state governance, considering historically developed peculiarities of this model. Moreover, the involvement of concept herein into introduction of informational and communicational technologies in the process of governance eliminates the necessity of power decentralization, it allows to form real net structure and, at the same, to keep vertical power structure, to involve citizens for formation and taking of management decisions, to form electronic communicational channel of feedback, to provide citizens with electronic administrative services. All indicated advantages of the concept certify about the necessity to reform state governance exactly in this field. Meaning/ Distinction. This article raises a question about the significance of formation and sequence of state policy in Ukraine aimed at creating an information-oriented society, space, as well as informational and technological infrastructure

Risk management and risk control for state-owned firms of China

As global economic integration deepens and enterprises scale up their business, the enterprise groups have become the mainstream of the company's development form. Subsidiaries of the Company have grown in size and increasingly diversified. Thus how does the parent Company control its subsidiaries effectively has become an urgent challenge, especially for the state-owned enterprises in China. This thesis studies the management and control of state-owned enterprises in China, carrying certain theoretical and practical significance. The research examined the theory and mechanism of management of SOEs, and evaluation on employee performance. It also analyzed performance evaluation, coordination and risk control strategies of SOEs' subsidiaries. The same studies were repeated on state-owned enterprise groups and extended to the strategies of risk management and risk control. The thesis first examined the conundrum of effective cooperation between subsidiaries of different departments and the parent company for efficient allocation of resources. To tackle this headache, the IAHP and DEA model were adopted to help group decision makers better measure the performance of employees and organizations. The thesis used the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) tool as the main principle and the combination of fuzzy mathematics and Delphi and entropy weight methods as the main methodology to assess the performance. In addition, a novel method of using multi-reasoning, multi-dimensional and dynamic factors was developed to assess the performance of SOE employees, and this method was proven to be effective. Moreover, the super-efficiency DEA model which takes into account work performance, work ability, work attitude, job potential and other factors in the evaluation on employee performance was developed and tested. Finally, risk map for SOEs was proposed and evaluated

Net structure of subject-to-subject relations in the management of the system of administrative services provision

The purpose of the work is to form the net structure of management of the system of administrative services provision on the basis of implementation of subject-to-subject interactions between state sector and civil society. Methodology. The methodology basis for the investigation is the abstract-logical analysis of theoretical and methodological backgrounds for management of relations and interactions. For the theoretical generalization and formation of net structure, there are used scientific recommendations of Ukrainian scientists regarding the necessity to implement subject-to-subject relations in the system of administrative services provision. Results. The investigations allowed confirming that the hierarchical structure of the state governance system does not give an opportunity to implement equal interaction between a subject of provision and a subject of an appeal as these relations have one – way communication and the feedback channel has a formal character. Moreover, the civil society is not considered by state sector to be a source of methods and ways to develop the system of state governance, in particular, the management system of administrative services provision. Practical meaning. The net structure of management will allow implementing the subject-subject relations in the system, under which the actions of the subject of provision – that means state sector – will be directed to the realization of rights and interests of the subjects of appeal. In their turn, apart from the performance of all legislative responsibilities that they should perform, they can carry out activities directed to the development of management activity in the system of administrative services provision and the whole system of state governance as an integral system of management. Meaning/Distinction. The provided model of the net structure will allow involving citizens in the processes of state governance and increasing the impact of the civil sector during the making of state and management decisions and, as a result, to confirm subject-to-subject positions in the relations