1,778,004 research outputs found
The Next Generation of Entrepreneurs
A.R. (Venky) Venkatachalam, Ph.D. (Associate Dean of Academic Programs & Professor of Information Systems) and I believe that the steps to insure future entrepreneurial success have not been taken; therefore my intention is to provide quality insight regarding the importance of embracing our next generation of entrepreneurs
Orbital angular momentum states enabling fiber-based high-dimensional quantum communication
Quantum networks are the ultimate target in quantum communication, where many
connected users can share information carried by quantum systems. The keystones
of such structures are the reliable generation, transmission and manipulation
of quantum states. Two-dimensional quantum states, qubits, are steadily adopted
as information units. However, high-dimensional quantum states, qudits,
constitute a richer resource for future quantum networks, exceeding the
limitations imposed by the ubiquitous qubits. The generation and manipulation
of such -level systems have been improved over the last ten years, but their
reliable transmission between remote locations remains the main challenge.
Here, we show how a recent air-core fiber supporting orbital angular momentum
(OAM) modes can be exploited to faithfully transmit -dimensional states.
Four OAM quantum states and their superpositions are created, propagated in a
1.2 km long fiber and detected with high fidelities. In addition, three quantum
key distribution (QKD) protocols are implemented as concrete applications to
assert the practicality of our results. This experiment enhances the
distribution of high-dimensional quantum states, attesting the orbital angular
momentum as vessel for the future quantum network
Internet of Things-aided Smart Grid: Technologies, Architectures, Applications, Prototypes, and Future Research Directions
Traditional power grids are being transformed into Smart Grids (SGs) to
address the issues in existing power system due to uni-directional information
flow, energy wastage, growing energy demand, reliability and security. SGs
offer bi-directional energy flow between service providers and consumers,
involving power generation, transmission, distribution and utilization systems.
SGs employ various devices for the monitoring, analysis and control of the
grid, deployed at power plants, distribution centers and in consumers' premises
in a very large number. Hence, an SG requires connectivity, automation and the
tracking of such devices. This is achieved with the help of Internet of Things
(IoT). IoT helps SG systems to support various network functions throughout the
generation, transmission, distribution and consumption of energy by
incorporating IoT devices (such as sensors, actuators and smart meters), as
well as by providing the connectivity, automation and tracking for such
devices. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on IoT-aided SG
systems, which includes the existing architectures, applications and prototypes
of IoT-aided SG systems. This survey also highlights the open issues,
challenges and future research directions for IoT-aided SG systems
The Future of Computation
``The purpose of life is to obtain knowledge, use it to live with as much
satisfaction as possible, and pass it on with improvements and modifications to
the next generation.'' This may sound philosophical, and the interpretation of
words may be subjective, yet it is fairly clear that this is what all living
organisms--from bacteria to human beings--do in their life time. Indeed, this
can be adopted as the information theoretic definition of life. Over billions
of years, biological evolution has experimented with a wide range of physical
systems for acquiring, processing and communicating information. We are now in
a position to make the principles behind these systems mathematically precise,
and then extend them as far as laws of physics permit. Therein lies the future
of computation, of ourselves, and of life.Comment: 7 pages, Revtex. Invited lecture at the Workshop on Quantum
Information, Computation and Communication (QICC-2005), IIT Kharagpur, India,
February 200
A review of GIS-based information sharing systems
GIS-based information sharing systems have been implemented in many of England and Wales' Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnerships (CDRPs). The information sharing role of these systems is seen as being vital to help in the review of crime, disorder and misuse of drugs; to sustain strategic objectives, to monitor interventions and initiatives; and support action plans for service delivery. This evaluation into these systems aimed to identify the lessons learned from existing systems, identify how these systems can be best used to support the business functions of CDRPs, identify common weaknesses across the systems, and produce guidelines on how these systems should be further developed. At present there are in excess of 20 major systems distributed across England and Wales. This evaluation considered a representative sample of ten systems. To date, little documented evidence has been collected by the systems that demonstrate the direct impact they are having in reducing crime and disorder, and the misuse of drugs. All point to how they are contributing to more effective partnership working, but all systems must be encouraged to record how they are contributing to improving community safety. Demonstrating this impact will help them to assure their future role in their CDRPs. By reviewing the systems wholly, several key ingredients were identified that were evident in contributing to the effectiveness of these systems. These included the need for an effective partnership business model within which the system operates, and the generation of good quality multi-agency intelligence products from the system. In helping to determine the future development of GIS-based information sharing systems, four key community safety partnership business service functions have been identified that these systems can most effectively support. These functions support the performance review requirements of CDRPs, operate a problem solving scanning and analysis role, and offer an interface with the public. By following these business service functions as a template will provide for a more effective application of these systems nationally
Modal Coupling of Single Photon Emitters Within Nanofiber Waveguides
Nanoscale generation of individual photons in confined geometries is an
exciting research field aiming at exploiting localized electromagnetic fields
for light manipulation. One of the outstanding challenges of photonic systems
combining emitters with nanostructured media is the selective channelling of
photons emitted by embedded sources into specific optical modes and their
transport at distant locations in integrated systems. Here, we show that
soft-matter nanofibers, electrospun with embedded emitters, combine
subwavelength field localization and large broadband near-field coupling with
low propagation losses. By momentum spectroscopy, we quantify the modal
coupling efficiency identifying the regime of single-mode coupling. These
nanofibers do not rely on resonant interactions, making them ideal for
room-temperature operation, and offer a scalable platform for future quantum
information technology
Environmental Information Systems on the Internet: A Need for Change
The cost effective delivery of scientific and policy requirements is a key driver for the realization of global sustainability research, integrated assessment and supporting innovative systems. The next generation of geospatial information infrastructures is proposed as a possible solution. Still, questions such as âwhat does all this mean to environmental information systemsâ and âwhat is expected to changeâ, have only partially been answered. In this paper, we describe the recent challenges for eEnvironment services in Europe, specify desired capabilities and derive according requirements. We identify affected stakeholder communities and depict their involvement in the overall value chain of environmental knowledge generation. Specific examples illustrate individual needs, while a derived description of the value chain indicates more general outcomes. Developmental requirements of future information systems are discussed. The presented work answers the questions above by bridging the gab between stakeholder needs, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development and higher level concepts, such as Digital Earth and Future Internet.JRC.DDG.H.6-Spatial data infrastructure
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