Artificial Satisfaction - The Brother of Artificial Intelligence

John McCarthy (September 4, 1927 2013; October 24, 2011) was an American computer scientist and cognitive scientist. The term 201C;Artificial Intelligence201D; was coined by him (Wikipedia, 2020). Satish Gajawada (March 12, 1988 2013; Present) is an Indian Independent Inventor and Scientist. He coined the term 201C;Artificial Satisfaction201D; in this article (Gajawada, S., and Hassan Mustafa, 2019a). A new field titled 201C;Artificial Satisfaction201D; is introduced in this article. 201C;Artificial Satisfaction201D; will be referred to as 201C;The Brother of Artificial Intelligence201D; after the publication of this article. A new algorithm titled 201C;Artificial Satisfaction Algorithm (ASA)201D; is designed and implemented in this work. For the sake of simplicity, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm is modified with Artificial Satisfaction Concepts to create the 201C;Artificial Satisfaction Algorithm (ASA).201D; PSO and ASA algorithms are applied on five benchmark functions. A comparision is made between the results obtained. The focus of this paper is more on defining and introducing 201C;Artificial Satisfaction Field201D; to the rest of the world rather than on implementing complex algorithms from scratch

Artificial Excellence - A New Branch of Artificial Intelligence

"Artificial Excellence" is a new field which is invented in this article. Artificial Excellence is a new field which belongs to Artificial Human Optimization field. Artificial Human Optimization is a sub-field of Evolutionary Computing. Evolutionary Computing is a sub-field of Computational Intelligence. Computational Intelligence is an area of Artificial Intelligence. Hence after the publication of this article, "Artificial Excellence (AE)" will become popular as a new branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI). A new algorithm titled "Artificial Satish Gajawada and Durga Toshniwal Algorithm (ASGDTA)" is designed in this work. The definition of AE is given in this article followed by many opportunities in the new AE field. The Literature Review of Artificial Excellence field is shown after showing the definition of Artificial Intelligence. The new ASGDTA Algorithm is explained followed by Results and Conclusions

Current research opportunities of image processing and computer vision

Image processing and computer vision is an important and essential area in today’s scenario. Several problems can be solved through computer vision techniques. There are a large number of challenges and opportunities which require skills in the field of computer vision to address them. Computer vision applications cover each band of the electromagnetic spectrum and there are numerous applications in every band. This article is targeted to the research students, scholars and researchers who are interested to solve the problems in the field of image processing and computer vision. It addresses the opportunities and current trends of computer vision applications in all emerging domains. The research needs are identified through available literature survey and classified in the corresponding domains. The possible exemplary images are collected from the different repositories available for research and shown in this paper. The opportunities mentioned in this paper are explained through the images so that a naive researcher can understand it well before proceeding to solve the corresponding problems. The databases mentioned in this article could be useful for researchers who are interested in further solving the problem. The motivation of the article is to expose the current opportunities in the field of image processing and computer vision along with corresponding repositories. Interested researchers who are working in the field can choose a problem through this article and can get the experimental images through the cited references for working further.

Detecção e seguimento de objectos em imagens termográficas: análise experimental de modelos de descrição

A instalação de sistemas de videovigilância, no interior ou exterior, em locais como aeroportos, centros comerciais, escritórios, edifícios estatais, bases militares ou casas privadas tem o intuito de auxiliar na tarefa de monitorização do local contra eventuais intrusos. Com estes sistemas é possível realizar a detecção e o seguimento das pessoas que se encontram no ambiente local, tornando a monitorização mais eficiente. Neste contexto, as imagens típicas (imagem natural e imagem infravermelha) são utilizadas para extrair informação dos objectos detectados e que irão ser seguidos. Contudo, as imagens convencionais são afectadas por condições ambientais adversas como o nível de luminosidade existente no local (luzes muito fortes ou escuridão total), a presença de chuva, de nevoeiro ou de fumo que dificultam a tarefa de monitorização das pessoas. Deste modo, tornou‐se necessário realizar estudos e apresentar soluções que aumentem a eficácia dos sistemas de videovigilância quando sujeitos a condições ambientais adversas, ou seja, em ambientes não controlados, sendo uma das soluções a utilização de imagens termográficas nos sistemas de videovigilância. Neste documento são apresentadas algumas das características das câmaras e imagens termográficas, assim como uma caracterização de cenários de vigilância. Em seguida, são apresentados resultados provenientes de um algoritmo que permite realizar a segmentação de pessoas utilizando imagens termográficas. O maior foco desta dissertação foi na análise dos modelos de descrição (Histograma de Cor, HOG, SIFT, SURF) para determinar o desempenho dos modelos em três casos: distinguir entre uma pessoa e um carro; distinguir entre duas pessoas distintas e determinar que é a mesma pessoa ao longo de uma sequência. De uma forma sucinta pretendeu‐se, com este estudo, contribuir para uma melhoria dos algoritmos de detecção e seguimento de objectos em sequências de vídeo de imagens termográficas. No final, através de uma análise dos resultados provenientes dos modelos de descrição, serão retiradas conclusões que servirão de indicação sobre qual o modelo que melhor permite discriminar entre objectos nas imagens termográficas.This report presents the work accomplished for the Thesis/Dissertation module of the Masters Degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering – within the Telecommunications area of expertise. Currently, automatic monitoring in video surveillance systems in environments such as airports, shopping malls, government buildings, office buildings, and private home is done through the use of detection and object tracking techniques. Natural images and near‐infrared images are mainly accessed through video surveillance in order to extract information on the object detected and subsequently being tracking. However, due to variations in environmental conditions within surveillance scenarios, severe drawbacks are exhibited when used for night‐time surveillance and/or in scenes with harsh environmental conditions such as strong light, total darkness, smoke, rain and fog. Therefore, it became more and more important to present a solution that could overcome those disadvantages. A possible solution is to make use of thermal images. This dissertation aims to analyze descriptors models such as Color Histograms, HOG, SIFT and SURF, to conclude if they are able or not to be used to distinguish between an object representing a non‐person and a person and between two different persons due to their similarity. In addition, a study of a set of scenarios with harsh environmental conditions and also results of a segmentation algorithm are presented. In short, the entire study intends to contribute for a better performance of video object detection and tracking algorithms. At the end, through the analysis of the set of results from the descriptors models, conclusions are drawn in order to indicate which of the models can better distinguish the detected objects in thermal images

Algorithms and Architectures for Secure Embedded Multimedia Systems

Embedded multimedia systems provide real-time video support for applications in entertainment (mobile phones, internet video websites), defense (video-surveillance and tracking) and public-domain (tele-medicine, remote and distant learning, traffic monitoring and management). With the widespread deployment of such real-time embedded systems, there has been an increasing concern over the security and authentication of concerned multimedia data. While several (software) algorithms and hardware architectures have been proposed in the research literature to support multimedia security, these fail to address embedded applications whose performance specifications have tighter constraints on computational power and available hardware resources. The goals of this dissertation research are two fold: 1. To develop novel algorithms for joint video compression and encryption. The proposed algorithms reduce the computational requirements of multimedia encryption algorithms. We propose an approach that uses the compression parameters instead of compressed bitstream for video encryption. 2. Hardware acceleration of proposed algorithms over reconfigurable computing platforms such as FPGA and over VLSI circuits. We use signal processing knowledge to make the algorithms suitable for hardware optimizations and try to reduce the critical path of circuits using hardware-specific optimizations. The proposed algorithms ensures a considerable level of security for low-power embedded systems such as portable video players and surveillance cameras. These schemes have zero or little compression losses and preserve the desired properties of compressed bitstream in encrypted bitstream to ensure secure and scalable transmission of videos over heterogeneous networks. They also support indexing, search and retrieval in secure multimedia digital libraries. This property is crucial not only for police and armed forces to retrieve information about a suspect from a large video database of surveillance feeds, but extremely helpful for data centers (such as those used by youtube, aol and metacafe) in reducing the computation cost in search and retrieval of desired videos