Young people and sexting in Australia: ethics, representation and the law

The Young People and Sexting in Australia report presents the findings of a qualitative study of young people’s understandings of, and responses to, current Australian laws, media and educational resources that address sexting. The project, led by Dr Kath Albury involved a review of both international local and academic research as well as popular media addressing sexting, and a review of educational resources for young people. Three focus groups were conducted with young people aged 16 and 17 in 2012, and a working paper based on those findings was then distributed to adult stakeholders in the fields of law enforcement, youth and children’s legal support, education, criminology, media and communications, youth work, youth health care, counseling and youth health promotion

The experience of long-term opiate maintenance treatment and reported barriers to recovery: A qualitative systematic review

Background/Aim: To inform understanding of the experience of long-term opiate maintenance and identify barriers to recovery. Methods: A qualitative systematic review. Results: 14 studies in 17 papers, mainly from the USA (65%), met inclusion criteria, involving 1,088 participants. Studies focused on methadone prescribing. Participants reported stability; however, many disliked methadone. Barriers to full recovery were primarily ‘inward focused'. Conclusion: This is the first review of qualitative literature on long-term maintenance, finding that universal service improvements could be made to address reported barriers to recovery, including involving ex-users as positive role models, and increasing access to psychological support. Treatment policies combining harm minimisation and abstinence-orientated approaches may best support individualised recovery

Digital Citizenship Safety Among Children and Adolescents in Indonesia

The study on Digital Citizenship Safety among Children and Adolescents in Indonesia aims to provide vital knowledge on how children and adolescents in Indonesia use social media and digital technology, and why they use those communication channels as well as the potential risks they might face in doing so. The data collection process of the policy research had been carried out in two years, from 2011 to 2012. Results of the study are expected to guide future policies to protect the rights of children to access information and, and at the same time, to share information and express their views or ideas in digital safety. For this, a randomized sample of children and adolescents aged 10-19 (400 in total) was taken spread across the country and spanning a mixture of urban and rural areas. The study finds that social and digital media use is an integral and growing part of the everyday life of young Indonesians. Almost all of the children and adolescents surveyed know about the Internet and most of them are Internet users. For those who are not Internet users, the number is very small. the most common reasons given are that they do not have the equipment or infrastructure to access the Internet or that they are forbidden by their parents to do so. Children and adolescents tend to use personal computers to access internet at internet cafes/vendors and school computer laboratories; laptops at home; and – above all – mobile phones or smartphones during their daily activities. They have three key motivations to access the Internet: to seek information, to connect to friends (old and new) and to be entertained. Their search for information is often driven by school assignments, while their use of social media and entertainment content is driven by their personal preference. The vast majority of their communication is with their peers, followed by their teachers, and that their communication with family members on the Internet is fairly insignificant

Relational Capability: An Indicator of Collective Empowerment

We define a new index for the collective empowerment of populations based on the capability of actors to have relationships and to enter into networks. This index, called “relational capability” (RC), is dynamic in the sense that the weights of its various components vary across time according to how close the population is to some poverty threshold. It relies on a shift of anthropological viewpoint, putting human relationships at the forefront. RC, which can be formalized in gametheoretic terms of networks, paves the way towards the solution of a number of unsolved issues: Reconciling autonomy and interdependence; unifying the aggregation of individual characteristics with the collective level; questioning unjust institutions and political structures within Sen’s and Nussbaum’s framework of capabilities.Empowerment; Escaping Poverty Index; Index; Relational Capability

Relational Capability : An Indicator of Collective Empowerment

Nous définissons un nouvel indicateur de l'empowerment collectif des populations, basé sur la capacité des acteurs à entrer en relation et à participer à des réseaux. Cet indicateur de " capacité relationnelle " (RC) est dynamique au sens où les pondérations attribuées à ses composantes varient dans le temps selon la façon dont une population se rapproche d'un certain seuil de pauvreté. Elle se fonde sur un changement de perspective anthropologique, qui place les relations humaines au premier plan. La capacité relationnelle, qui peut être formalisée selon le modèle de la théorie des jeux appliquée aux réseaux, ouvre des perspectives de résolution de plusieurs problèmes : réconcilier l'autonomie et l'interdépendance ; unifier l'agrégation des caractéristiques individuelles avec le niveau collectif ; mettre en question les institutions et les structures politiques injustes, dans le cadre de l'approche des capacités définie par Sen et Nussbaum.Capacité relationnelle ; Empowerment ; Indicateur ; Indicateur de sortie de pauvreté

Neighborhood Characteristics and Crime: A Test of Sampson and Groves\u27 Model of Social Disorganization

In 1989 Sampson and Groves proposed a model of social disorganization. In this model, neighborhoods with low socioeconomic status, high residential mobility, racial heterogeneity, and family disruption were predicted to have sparse local friendship networks\u27, low organizational participation, and unsupervised youth groups. These, in turn, were predicted to increase neighborhood crime rates. Although Sampson and Groves\u27 work represents the most complete model of social disorganization to date, it has only been tested twice and then on the same data set. Using data from 36 neighborhoods from 7 U.S. cities, this study examines extensions of Sampson and Groves\u27 model suggested by past research findings. The results indicate that Sampson and Groves\u27 model is modestly supported by the data. Social disorganization variables are more effective in transmitting the effects of neighborhood structural characteristics on assault than on robbery. Implications of the study and directions for future research are discussed

Adolescent internet abuse. A study on the role of attachment to parents and peers in a large community sample

Adolescents are the main users of new technologies and theirmain purpose of use is social interaction. Although new technologies are useful to teenagers, in addressing their developmental tasks, recent studies have shown that they may be an obstacle in their growth. Research shows that teenagers with Internet addiction experience lower quality in their relationships with parents and more individual difficulties. However, limited research is available on the role played by adolescents' attachment to parents and peers, considering their psychological profiles.We evaluated in a large community sample of adolescents (N= 1105) the Internet use/abuse, the adolescents' attachment to parents and peers, and their psychological profiles. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to verify the influence of parental and peer attachment on Internet use/abuse, considering the moderating effect of adolescents' psychopathological risk. Results showed that adolescents' attachment to parents had a significant effect on Internet use. Adolescents' psychopathological risk had a moderating effect on the relationship between attachment to mothers and Internet use. Our study shows that further research is needed, taking into account both individual and family variables