Sociable Robot ‘Lometh’: Exploring Interactive Regions of a Product-Promoting Robot in a Supermarket

The robot ‘Lometh’ is an information-presenting robot that naturally interacts with people in a supermarket environment. In recent years, considerable effort has been devoted to the implementation of robotic interfaces to identify effective behaviors of communication robots focusing only on the social and physical factors of the addresser and the hearer. As attention focus and attention target shifting of people differs based on the human visual focus and the spatiality, this study considered four interactive regions, considering the visual focus of attention as well as the interpersonal space between robot and human. The collected primary data revealed that 56% attention shifts occurred in near peripheral field of view regions and 44% attention shifts in far peripheral field of view regions. Using correspondence analysis, we identified that the bodily behaviors of the robot showed the highest success rate in the left near peripheral field of view region. The verbal behaviors of the robot captured human attention best in the right near peripheral field of view region. In this experiment of finding a socially acceptable way to accomplish the attention attracting goals of a communication robot, we observed that the robots’ affective behaviors were successful in shifting human attention towards itself in both left and right far- peripheral field of view regions, so we concluded that for far field of view regions, designing similar interaction interventions can be expected to be successful

Sociable Robot ‘Lometh’: Exploring Interactive Regions of a Product-Promoting Robot in a Supermarket

The robot ‘Lometh’ is an information-presenting robot that naturally interacts with people in a supermarket environment. In recent years, considerable effort has been devoted to the implementation of robotic interfaces to identify effective behaviors of communication robots focusing only on the social and physical factors of the addresser and the hearer. As attention focus and attention target shifting of people differs based on the human visual focus and the spatiality, this study considered four interactive regions, considering the visual focus of attention as well as the interpersonal space between robot and human. The collected primary data revealed that 56% attention shifts occurred in near peripheral field of view regions and 44% attention shifts in far peripheral field of view regions. Using correspondence analysis, we identified that the bodily behaviors of the robot showed the highest success rate in the left near peripheral field of view region. The verbal behaviors of the robot captured human attention best in the right near peripheral field of view region. In this experiment of finding a socially acceptable way to accomplish the attention attracting goals of a communication robot, we observed that the robots’ affective behaviors were successful in shifting human attention towards itself in both left and right far- peripheral field of view regions, so we concluded that for far field of view regions, designing similar interaction interventions can be expected to be successful

Designing privacy-preserving personalized public display systems

Public Displays sind heute ein allgegenwärtiges Kommunikationsmedium. Benutzern relevante Inhalte zu präsentieren ist zweifelsohne wichtig. Persönliche Inhalte sind meist relevant, erfordern jedoch besondere Datenschutzmaßnahmen. Diese Arbeit konzentriert sich auf den Entwurf personalisierter Public Displays, die die Privatsphäre schützen. Sie untersucht drei Forschungsfragen: (1) Was sind die größten Gefahren für die Privatsphäre auf Public Displays? (2) Welche Gegenmaßnahmen existieren für diese Gefahren? (3) Wie kann der Entwurf von Public Displays unterstützt werden?Drei konkrete Beiträge widmen sich je einer Forschungsfrage: (1) Ein Gefahren-Modell, (2) eine Liste samt Klassifizierung von Gegenmaßnahmen, und (3) eine neue Methodik für die Entwicklung von Public Displays. Designer und Forscher können diese Ergebnisse nutzen, um Systeme zu erstellen, die die Privatsphäre der Benutzer schützen. Zusammenfassend kann diese Arbeit dazu beitragen, die Entwicklung solcher personalisierter Public Displays zu vereinfachen und zu beschleunigen.Digital public displays are a popular means of communication nowadays. Showing users content that is relevant to them is an important issue. Personal content is often regarded as relevant, but that calls for certain means of privacy in turn. This thesis focuses on designing privacy-preserving personalized public display systems. It addresses three research questions: (1) What are main privacy threats on public displays? (2) What are countermeasures to those privacy threats? (3) How to support the design process of public displays?Three tangible contributions address each research question: (1) a privacy threat model for public displays, (2) a list and classification of countermeasures, and (3) a novel methodology to design, prototype, and evaluate public display systems. Designers and researchers can use these contributions to create public displays, that do not pose a threat to the user's privacy. In conclusion, this thesis can thus contribute towards simplifying and accelerating the development of privacy-preserving personalized public display systems

How can people’s spatial behaviour be used to dynamically lay out content on multi-user, interactive screens, and how does this dynamic layout affect people’s spatial behaviour?

This thesis aims to explore the influencing factors of layout and presentation changes of large interactive and adaptive displays in multi-user interactions and social organisation. While significant bodies of work have considered the interactivity of digital displays to identify phenomena of use, these have been conducted in localised isolation, and do not address the wider ecological impacts for the influences of emergent organisations of simultaneous use where a system or display may support this. Through considerations of how display presentation and layout can influence the emergence of social organisations, a series of iterative lab-based studies have been carried out to assess and inform a number of interaction modalities. This leads to a series of design recommendations around a system-led approach in presenting a mechanism to support approach behaviours and the maximised utility of a large display, whilst mitigating conflict between social boundaries and impact to user experience. This has identified a range of factors in both the mechanisms of natural social organisation and supporting layout changes and adaptations in maintaining user experience leading towards wider use, scaffolding features of the environment, on-going use, and adaptation within a novel system-led approach. This has presented clear implications to the field, and identified significant areas for further research to refine the subtle factors of interaction which have been identified here

How can people’s spatial behaviour be used to dynamically lay out content on multi-user, interactive screens, and how does this dynamic layout affect people’s spatial behaviour?

This thesis aims to explore the influencing factors of layout and presentation changes of large interactive and adaptive displays in multi-user interactions and social organisation. While significant bodies of work have considered the interactivity of digital displays to identify phenomena of use, these have been conducted in localised isolation, and do not address the wider ecological impacts for the influences of emergent organisations of simultaneous use where a system or display may support this. Through considerations of how display presentation and layout can influence the emergence of social organisations, a series of iterative lab-based studies have been carried out to assess and inform a number of interaction modalities. This leads to a series of design recommendations around a system-led approach in presenting a mechanism to support approach behaviours and the maximised utility of a large display, whilst mitigating conflict between social boundaries and impact to user experience. This has identified a range of factors in both the mechanisms of natural social organisation and supporting layout changes and adaptations in maintaining user experience leading towards wider use, scaffolding features of the environment, on-going use, and adaptation within a novel system-led approach. This has presented clear implications to the field, and identified significant areas for further research to refine the subtle factors of interaction which have been identified here