Joint Laver Diamonds and Grounded Forcing Axioms

In chapter 1 a notion of independence for diamonds and Laver diamonds is investigated. A sequence of Laver diamonds for κ is joint if for any sequence of targets there is a single elementary embedding j with critical point κ such that each Laver diamond guesses its respective target via j. In the case of measurable cardinals (with similar results holding for (partially) supercompact cardinals) I show that a single Laver diamond for κ yields a joint sequence of length κ, and I give strict separation results for all larger lengths of joint sequences. Even though the principles get strictly stronger in terms of direct implication, I show that they are all equiconsistent. This is contrasted with the case of θ-strong cardinals where, for certain θ, the existence of even the shortest joint Laver sequences carries nontrivial consistency strength. I also formulate a notion of jointness for ordinary ◊κ-sequences on any regular cardinal κ. The main result concerning these shows that there is no separation according to length and a single ◊κ-sequence yields joint families of all possible lengths. In chapter 2 the notion of a grounded forcing axiom is introduced and explored in the case of Martin\u27s axiom. This grounded Martin\u27s axiom, a weakening of the usual axiom, states that the universe is a ccc forcing extension of some inner model and the restriction of Martin\u27s axiom to the posets coming from that ground model holds. I place the new axiom in the hierarchy of fragments of Martin\u27s axiom and examine its effects on the cardinal characteristics of the continuum. I also show that the grounded version is quite a bit more robust under mild forcing than Martin\u27s axiom itself

An Analysis of Three College Writing Centers

The purpose of this thesis is to assist writing center administrators in managing the central issues present in many collegiate facilities through an in-depth study of three contrasting Rochester area schools, in order to design and execute a successful plan for a writing center on their campus. The intention is to provide the administrator with three models of writing centers that might be found at institutions of similar size and scope as the ones presented here. Those represented as part of the study include: a medium sized, four year, comprehensive college that serves a population of around 5,600 students; a major research-focused university of 7,400 students, which not only serves undergraduate and graduate students attending the university, but also a medical school, music school, and graduate level business school; and a two-year, liberal arts and technical community college of approximately 14,000 students, which serves a diverse population with particular attendees from an urban center. The project offers a brief history of post-secondary writing centers, their diverse goals and the student/faculty populations they serve. Data was gathered through on-site observation, and staff consultation and interview. Separate chapters are devoted to each institution with a final chapter for considerations and recommendations. In addition to the material presented in the body of this work, appendices provide a comprehensive chart comparing various aspects of the three centers studied

Language, ideology and control : a functional linguistic investigation into the language of literary criticism

This study uses the framework of systemic functional grammar to conduct the stylistic investigation of extracts from two texts of literary criticism written by F.R. Leavis and Paul de Man. The aims of the study are: i) to identify the characteristic features of the type of text known as professional literary criticism, and interpret the ideological significance of the textual features thus identified; ii) to identify the characteristic features of two specific registers of literary criticism, liberal humanist criticism and deconstruction, and interpret the relationship between linguistic and ideological variation -as exemplified in the texts which are analysed- and power. The features which make systemic functional grammar a powerful tool in stylistic analysis are identified, and a review of the applications of systemic grammar to text analysis is presented. A model of the relationship between text and context is presented, and its key terms and their relationship (discourse, ideology, genre, register, language) are discussed. The analysis of extracts from literary critical texts is conducted according to the three main features of the context of situation as identified in systemic grammar: field (subject matter of the discourse), tenor (participants in the discourse) and mode (medium of the discourse). Finally, the study considers the implications and applications of the conclusions drawn, particularly those that relate to the academic institution within which literary critical texts are produced and read.Linguistics and Modern LanguagesD. Litt. et Phil. (Linguistics

Rhodora

v.52 (1950

New Zealand Echinoderms

1. The Direct Development of a New Zealand Ophiuroid || 2. Echinoderms from the Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand: Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea, and Echinoidea || 3. The Constitution and Relations of the New Zealand Echinoderm Faun || 4. Echinoderms from Southern New Zealand || 5. A Revision of the Current Theory of Echinoderm Embryology || 6. Echinoderm Embryology and the Origin of Chordates || 7. New Zealand Fossil Asterozoa: 3. Odontaster priscus sp. nov. from the Jurassic || 8. An Echinoid from the Tertiary (janjukian) of South Australia Brochopleurus Australiae sp. nov. || 9. Probable Direct Development in Some New Zealand Ophiuroids || 10. The Origin and Migrations of Australasian Echinoderm Faunas Since the Mesozoic || 11. An Upper Cretaceous Asteroid from New Zealand || 12. A Giant Heart - Urchin || 13. A Triassic Echinoid from New Zealand || 14. Sonne Off' Shore and Deep-Sea Ophiuroids from New Zealand Waters || 15. The Occurrence of Australian Echinoids in New Zealand Waters || 16. Tertiary and Recent Echinoidea of New Zealand Cidarida

Can I help you? : a systemic-functional exploration of service encounter interaction

This exploratory study of the semiotic organization of service encounter interaction and its realization traces back the Malinowskian/Firthian contextual theory and follows its development into register theory. It captures the most recent developments of register theory which consider texts as organizations on three separate semiotic communication planes: genre, register and language. Specifically it focusses on how on the plane of genre the global patternings of texts, i.e. SCHEMATIC STRUCTURES, are represented and how they are realized by the planes of register and language which are seen to underlie genre. It studies and develops the notion of genre and its realization by using service encounter data

A phytosociological survey of British arable-weed and related communities

Weed communities of British arable land have been extensively surveyed and classified using Zurich-Montpellier ("Braun-Blanquet") methods of analysis. After comparison of British results with continental literature it is concluded that most stands are referable to the class Stellarietea. A number of associations can be distinguished, classified as follows: Order: Polygono – Chenopodietalia Alliance: Fumario – Euhorbion Five associations Alliance: Spergulo – Oxalidion Seven associations Order: Eragrostietalia Alliance: Panico – Setarion One association Order: Centauretalja cyani Alliance: Arnoseridion Two associations Alliance: Aphanion Two associations Alliance: Caucalidion Three associations. Other communities of undefined rank have also been distinguished. Three new associations are provisionally described within the Spergulo-Oxalidion. Additionally, it has been found that some arable stands are referable to syntaxa of the classes Agroyretea or Plantainetea. Such stands are related to the effects of soil deterioration and selective herbicides. Limited investigation of annual communities of other disturbed ruderal habitats has shown that they are usually referable to the order Sisymbrietalia of the Stellarietea. Association between species has been investigated in some areas by chi-squared analysis. Plexus diagrams showing inter-specificassociation have been prepared for the Outer Hebrides, Dorset, the Isles of Scilly, the Brecklands, the Lower Greensand plus Bagshot Sands formations and arable bryophyte synusiae. Results from these are compared with those of the Zurich-Montpellier analysis. Factors affecting arable communities are extensively reviewed. Special consideration has been given to the floristic and ecological nature of the field boundary