The Role of Personality, Self-Disclosure, and Envy in Maladaptive Social Media Engagement

Through online social networks, individuals establish and maintain social connections to satisfy their need to belong. Recent research suggests that taken too far, one’s need to belong can increase envy and lead to maladaptive social media behavior aligned with obsessive-compulsive disorder. This study examines the role of two personality traits, one’s intrinsic need to belong and trait reactance, on feelings of envy and the self-disclosure processes that lead to obsessive-compulsive disorder on social networks. A sample of 354 U.S. adult users of Facebook completed a survey measuring individuals’ need to belong, trait reactance, envy, self-disclosure, and online social network obsessive-compulsive disorder. Regression analyses reveal that need to belong and trait reactance both independently and interactively relate to envy, and that self-disclosure mediates the relationship between envy and obsessive-compulsive disorder on social networks. Those with low trait reactance appear at the lowest risk of online social network OCD no matter their need to belong. The highest risk profile for online OCD is found in those with both high trait reactance and high need to belong. Overall, our findings support further exploration of one’s intrinsic need to belong and trait reactance as personality indicators of risk for online social network OCD

Transparency, Translucence of Opacity? A Field Investigation of The Mediating Role of Positive Emotions In Trustful Leader-Follower Relations

In this study, the relationship between transparency and trust is hypothesized and investigated. Furthermore, the positive emotions variable was hypothesized to mediate the transparency � trust relationship. Participants’ perceptions of a leader’s transparency were more predictive of trust than experimenter designed manipulations. Study limitations, implications for management, and future research directions are discussed

Interacting through disclosing: Peer interaction patterns based on self-disclosure levels via facebook

Peer interaction in an online environment has close connections with self-disclosure. Hence, this study was conducted to explore peer interaction patterns and self-disclosure levels via a social networking tool, specifically, Facebook. Twenty-two postgraduate students who enrolled for the Authoring System course participated in the study. Data were gathered from the online discussion transcripts in Facebook. The online discussion transcripts were coded and analysed based on (a) coding scheme for identifying patterns of peer interaction, and (b) a self-disclosure rating scale for categorizing the levels of self-disclosure. Findings showed that the students had mostly used response and position types of peer interaction. Meanwhile, most of the students were self-disclosing through Information-Level 1 followed by Feeling-Level 1, and Thought-Level 1. Furthermore, peer interaction patterns were found to have a strong significant and positive correlation with self-disclosure levels. In conclusion, this study revealed that high self-disclosure by students affects positively peer interaction in Facebook discussions. The implications of these results are considered, and possible future studies are suggested

Secrecy in the Context of Romantic Relationships

The studies included in this dissertation investigated the experiences of individual romantic partners as secret keepers and couples as collective secret keepers. Study 1 investigated the topics of secrets kept by individual romantic partners and public perception of secret keeping in the context of romantic relationships via qualitative content analysis. The analysis of secret topics resulted in the following themes: (1) secrets about the Redditors’ relationship, (2) secrets about the Redditor, and (3) a discussion of secrecy. The analysis of public perception resulted in the following themes: (1) normalization, (2) advice, (3) comfort, (4) personal reactions, and (5) a request for more information. Study 2 investigated the experiences of collective secret keepers. Inductive analysis was used in the analysis of participants’ (n = 522) responses to questions investigating: (1) the topics of collective secrets, (2) the reasons for keeping or disclosing the secret, and (3) the reasons for disagreeing over the disclosure of the secret. Further analyses revealed a relationship between secret topic and the overall relational impact of collective secret keeping (F(27, 385) = 1.64, p \u3c .05, 2 = .10); some topics were found to be more distancing than others. A relationship between relationship satisfaction and disagreement between spouses over the disclosure (F(1, 310) = 5.83, p \u3c .05, η2 = .02) was also found; disagreement on the disclosure of a secret was found to result in lower relationship satisfaction. Study 2 also investigated the relationship between collective secret functions and relational outcomes via multilevel modeling. A relationship between secret functions and the following relational outcomes were found when the collective secret was kept: relational impact (χ2= 14.18, df = 1, p \u3c .001), relational closeness (χ2= 14.18, df = 1, p \u3c .001), and relationship satisfaction (χ2= 17.60, df = 1, p \u3c .001). A relationship between secret functions and the relational impact was also found when the collective secret was disclosed (χ2= 3.12, df = 1, p \u3c .10)

Exploring children's social and moral behaviour in a technology context

The central argument of this thesis is that disclosure of certain information via computer-mediated communication technologies influence specific behaviours in relation to trust, and betrayal for children and young people. The main aim of this thesis is to extend the computer mediated communication literature by investigating young people‘s use of digital communication devices in an effort to explore interactions between methods of computer mediated communication and young people‘s subsequent social and moral behaviour. The thesis begins with qualitative analyses of data gathered via focus groups to raise a broad range of issues important to the young user rather than the issues deemed important by parents and educators. Young people indicate clearly that they are aware of the safety issues that concern parents and academics eager to protect them from predators. Whilst the single most popular reason they identify for engaging with technology is to communicate, they identify three key areas of concern related to technology use; usage preferences, positive aspects of technology use and negative aspects of technology use. The topics relating to the latter two themes combine social and moral behaviours forming a preliminary framework for understanding behaviour within the HCI agenda. Subjective and objective methodology is implemented, typically via questionnaires and content analysis. In depth examination and assessment of those concerns deemed important to the young user is achieved via questionnaire studies developed from the issues raised in the focus groups. Building upon the preliminary framework identified in the first study, the thesis employs a questionnaire study to examine whether technology has an impact on trust by young people and how any betrayal of trust might impact on their subsequent behaviour. The questionnaire studies reveal that for young people dynamics of trust and forgiveness are functions of both type of medium chosen to convey information, as well as the recipient to whom the information is related. Further investigation confirms that similar elements exist for older users communicating via digital communication technologies. Subsequent investigation reveals that as young users of computer mediated communication adopt each new alternative communication medium, they then manipulate that new medium to fit their communication needs by using them in such a way as to enhance the speed and quality of communication

유방암 환자는 온라인 커뮤니케이션을 통해 어떻게 상호작용 하는가?

학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 언론정보학과, 2016. 2. 강남준.이 연구는 유방암 환자들이 의학적인 치료 외에 온라인 커뮤니케이션을 통해 얻을 수 있는 심리사회적인 대처 방안에 주목한다. 암은 현대인의 삶에 깊숙히 들어와 있는 질병으로 누구나 걸릴 수 있고, 또한 치료가 가능하지만 여전히 암은 불치병, 혹은 죽음과 연관시키는 인식이 사회적으로 만연해 있어 암 환자라는 단어가 주는 사회적인 부정적 낙인은 유효하다. 암 환자의 생존율이 높아졌다는 것은 바꿔 말하면 암 치료 후 암과 함께 살아가는 시간(living with cancer)이 그만큼 늘어났다는 것이다. 즉, 암 환자가 의학적인 치료 이후에도 암 생존자로 살아가야 하는 새로운 삶에 대한 대응에 대한 논의가 중요해졌다는 것이다. 유방암의 경우 나이가 많아질수록 발생빈도가 증가하는 구미와는 i 달리 우리나라의 경우 40대의 발병률이 제일 높게 나타나는데, 이는 유방암 치료 이후에도 암과 함께 살아가야 하는 시간이 매우 길다는 것을 의미해, 투병 과정에 따른 지속적인 적응과 더불어 심리사회적(psychosocial) 지지가 중요해진다(황숙연, 박병우, 이경식, 2000). 이처럼 유방암 환자들에게 의학적인 치료 외에 심리사회적인 부분에 대한 지원이 중요하게 여겨지면서 가족이나 동료, 의료진으로부터 얻게 되는 사회적 지지에 대한 관심이 높아졌다. 특히 최근에는 온라인 상에서 나타나는 환자들을 대상으로 하는 사회적 지지에 관심을 갖게 되었다. 온라인 커뮤니티 활동은 누군가의 강요나 외부적인 압력에 의한 것이 아닌 자발적인 참여라는 점에서, 자기 스스로 자신을 노출한다는 특징을 지닌다. 게다가 온라인 커뮤니티 활동이 기본적으로 글쓰기와 읽기라는 행위가 동반되고 있는데, 환자들은 글쓰기를 통해 스트레스 경험에 대한 재해석과 객관화를 이끌어 내어 스트레스 완화 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 또한 자신을 노출하는 것은 타인과의 관계를 형성하는 데 있어 매우 중요한 요소이다. 이렇게 게시글을 통해 자신을 노출하여 타인과의 관계를 형성하며 상호작용을 하는 과정 속에서 환자들은 궁극적으로 사회적 지지를 얻게 된다. 이 연구는 유방암 환자들의 온라인 커뮤니케이션을 상호작용의 측면에서 분석하였다. 이때 환자들의 자기노출이 어떻게 타인과의 상호작용을 이끌어 내는지를 ii 살펴보고, 실제로 어떠한 사회적 지지가 교환되는지를 분석하였다. 이러한 접근에 따라 수행한 연구문제와 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 은 유방암 환자들이 게시글에서 자신을 노출하는 행위가 타인과의 상호작용을 얼마나 유도하느냐를 분석한 것으로, 이때 자기노출은 온라인 커뮤니티의 게시글에서 직접 사용된 단어와 이미지의 사용으로 나누어 살펴보았다. 연구 결과 온라인에서 환자들이 인지적인 단어를 많이 사용하고, 부정적 어휘 사용을 통해 부정적 정서를 표현하는 경우 댓글로 대표되는 상호작용이 활발하게 나타났다. 이는 자신의 이미지를 게시글에 노출한 경우에도 동일한 결과를 보여주었는데, 자신의 정보를 드러내는 것은 타인에게 불확실성을 줄이고 관계를 맺는 데 도움을 주기 때문에 상호작용이 활발하게 나타난 것으로 해석된다. 에서는 게시글에 나타난 사회적 지지에 따라 댓글이라는 상호작용이 어떻게 나타나는지를 분석하였다. 이 결과 게시글에서는 정보적 지지를 나타내는 게시글이 더 많이 나타났으나, 상호작용의 측면에서 살펴보면 정서적 지지를 나타내는 게시글에서 댓글 수나 댓글 길이가 더 높게 나타나 게시글에서 정서적 지지를 표현할수록 타인과의 상호작용이 활발해짐을 알 수 있었다. 이는 온라인 커뮤니케이션에서 정서적 지지를 표현하는 것이 타인으로부터의 상호작용을 유도하여 실제 지지를 얻게 됨을 의미한다. 에서는 그렇다면 구체적으로 게시글과 댓글에서 iii 어떠한 사회적 지지의 상호작용 양상이 나타나는지를 분석하였는데, 정보적 지지의 경우 게시글에서 의학적 상태보다 일상 생활이나 치료 과정에 따른 사소한 증상에 대한 정보를 요청하는 경우가 많았으며, 게시글의 정보 요청에 대해 댓글이 이를 충분히 제공하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 환자들의 온라인 커뮤니케이션이 의료진과의 커뮤니케이션과는 그 목적이 다르며, 의료진으로부터 얻지 못하는 정보를 얻는 창구 역할을 하고 있음을 의미한다. 또한 환자들은 온라인 커뮤니케이션을 통해 공감과 격려를 요청하였으며, 댓글을 통해 충분한 공감과 격려가 나타나 온라인 커뮤니케이션이 사회적 지지를 충족할 수 있는 자원임을 증명하였다. 더불어 게시글에서 부정적 정서를 노출하는 경우 댓글에서 긍정적 정서를 표현하여 부정적 정서를 상쇄하려 하였으며, 긍정적 정서의 경우에는 이를 강화시키는 방향으로 댓글에서 정서적인 표현이 나타나고 있었다. 이 연구는 유방암 환자들의 온라인 커뮤니케이션을 내용분석을 통해 실제 어떠한 상호작용이 있는지를 분석하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 그러나 온라인 커뮤니티를 통한 표집의 어려움으로 인해 다량의 데이터를 통한 분석으로 객관성을 확보하기에는 어려움이 따른다는 제한점을 지적하고 추후 연구를 위한 제언을 하였다.제1장.서론 1 제1절 연구의 필요성 1 제2절 논문의 구성 7 제2장.이론적 배경 8 제1절 유방암과 커뮤니케이션 9 제2절 자기노출과 상호작용에 관한 논의 17 제3절 유방암 환자의 온라인 사회적 지지 44 제4절 소결 65 제3장.연구 문제 및 연구 방법 70 제1절 연구문제 70 제2절 연구방법 83 제4장.연구 결과 117 제1절 유방암 환자의 온라인 커뮤니케이션 이용 117 제2절 연구문제 1의 결과: 자기노출과 상호작용 133 제3절 연구문제 2의 결과: 사회적 지지와 상호작용 170 제4절 연구문제 3의 결과: RIAS 분석을 통한 상호작용 191 제5장.결론 및 제언 212 제1절 연구결과의 요약 212 제2절 논의 214 제3절 연구의 제한점 및 제언 223 참고문헌 226 부록 258 Abstract 268Docto

“Envisioning Digital Sanctuaries”: An Exploration of Virtual Collectives for Nurturing Professional Development of Women in Technical Domains

Work and learning are essential facets of our existence, yet sociocultural barriers have historically limited access and opportunity for women in multiple contexts, including their professional pursuits. Such sociocultural barriers are particularly pronounced in technical domains and have relegated minoritized voices to the margins. As a result of these barriers, those affected have suffered strife, turmoil, and subjugation. Hence, it is important to investigate how women can subvert such structural limitations and find channels through which they can seek support and guidance to navigate their careers. With the proliferation of modern communication infrastructure, virtual forums of conversation such as Reddit have emerged as key spaces that allow knowledge-sharing, provide opportunities for mobilizing collective action, and constitute sanctuaries of support and companionship. Yet, recent scholarship points to the negative ramifications of such channels in perpetuating social prejudice, directed particularly at members from historically underrepresented communities. Using a novel comparative muti-method, multi-level empirical approach comprising content analysis, social network analysis, and psycholinguistic analysis, I explore the way in which virtual forums engender community and foster avenues for everyday resilience and collective care through the analysis of 400,267 conversational traces collected from three subreddits (r/cscareerquestions, r/girlsgonewired & r/careerwoman). Blending the empirical analysis with a novel theoretical apparatus that integrates insights from social constructivist frameworks, feminist data studies, computer-supported collaborative work, and computer-mediated communication, I highlight how gender, care, and community building intertwine and collectively impact the emergent conversational habits of these online enclaves. Key results indicate six content themes ranging from discussions on knowledge advancement to scintillating ethical probes regarding disparities manifesting in the technical workplace. Further, psycholinguistic and network insights reveal four pivotal roles that support and enrich the communities in different ways. Taken together, these insights help to postulate an emergent spectrum of relationality ranging from a more agentic to a more communal pattern of affinity building. Network insights also yield valuable inferences regarding the role of automated agents in community dynamics across the forums. A discussion is presented regarding the emergent routines of care, collective empowerment, empathy-building tactics, community sustenance initiatives, and ethical perspectives in relation to the involvement of automated agents. This dissertation contributes to the theory and practice of how virtual collectives can be designed and sustained to offer spaces for enrichment, empowerment, and advocacy, focusing on the professional development of historically underrepresented voices such as women

A grounded theory analysis of the forms of support on two online anorexia forums

Using Grounded theory this thesis analyses the forms of support that are present on two online anorexia forums. Data was collected through non-participant observation and online interviews with members of two online anorexia forums, one pro-anorexic in orientation, one pro-recovery. Despite the clear differences that exist between the two communities, continuities are strongly apparent, especially when looking at these forums as support environments. This thesis illustrates that support is conditional, that is takes on a variety of forms in any one environment and highlights the role of offline discourses in shaping online support. It also provides an in-depth comparison of two online anorexia forums