Sexting entre adolescentes españoles: prevalencia y asociación con variables de personalidad

Antecedentes: el envío de contenidos sexuales (p.ej., fotos y vídeos) entre adolescentes a través de Internet y el teléfono móvil, o sexting, está recibiendo atención social creciente. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: 1) analizar la prevalencia y tendencias por sexo y por edad del sexting entre adolescentes; y 2) examinar el perfil de personalidad de los adolescentes que participan en sexting. Método: participaron 3.223 adolescentes españoles entre 12 y 17 años (49,9% mujeres; edad media = 14,06, DT = 1,37) que completaron de forma anónima y voluntaria autoinformes sobre sexting y sobre los cinco grandes factores de personalidad. Resultados: la prevalencia total del sexting fue del 13,5%. La prevalencia fue del 3,4% a los 12 años y ascendió al 36,1% a los 17, mostrando una tendencia lineal creciente y significativa. En general, no se encontraron diferencias entre varones y mujeres. El perfil de personalidad de quienes se implicaron en sexting se caracterizó por una mayor Extraversión y Neuroticismo y por menor Amabilidad y Responsabilidad. Conclusiones: más allá que adoptar una perspectiva basada en los peligros del sexting, se hace necesario un enfoque educativo que enfatice el uso responsable e informado de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicaciónBackground: Voluntarily sending sexual content (e.g., photos, videos) among adolescents via the Internet and mobile phones, a phenomenon called sexting, is receiving increasing social and research attention. The aims of this study were: 1) to analyze the prevalence and trends of sexting among adolescents by gender and age and 2) to examine the personality profile of adolescents that participated in sexting. Method: The sample consisted of 3,223 Spanish adolescents from 12 to 17 years of age (49.9% female; mean age = 14.06, SD = 1.37) who anonymously and voluntarily completed self-report questionnaires on sexting and the big five personality factors. Results: The overall prevalence of sexting was 13.5%. The prevalence was 3.4% at 12 years old and increased to 36.1% at 17 years of age, showing a growing and significant linear trend. Overall, no differences were found between males and females. The personality profile of those involved in sexting was characterized by higher Extraversion and Neuroticism and by lower scores in Conscientiousness and Agreeableness. Conclusions: Given its high prevalence, beyond adopting a perspective based on the dangers of sexting, an educational approach that emphasizes responsible and informed use of information and communication technologies is necessary.Fil: Gámez Guadix, Manuel. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: de Santisteban, Patricia. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: Resett, Santiago Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos; Argentin

Study addiction - a new area of psychological study: conceptualization, assessment, and preliminary empirical findings

Aims: Recent research has suggested that for some individuals, educational studying may become compulsive and excessive and lead to ‘study addiction’. The present study conceptualized and assessed study addiction within the framework of workaholism, defining it as compulsive over-involvement in studying that interferes with functioning in other domains and that is detrimental for individuals and/or their environment. Methods: The Bergen Study Addiction Scale (BStAS) was tested - reflecting seven core addiction symptoms (salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict, relapse, and problems) - related to studying. The scale was administered via a cross-sectional survey distributed to Norwegian (n = 218) and Polish (n = 993) students with additional questions concerning demographic variables, study-related variables, health, and personality. Results: A one-factor solution had acceptable fit with the data in both samples and the scale demonstrated good reliability. Scores on BStAS converged with scores on learning engagement. Study addiction (BStAS) was significantly related to specific aspects of studying (longer learning time, lower academic performance), personality traits (higher neuroticism and conscientiousness, lower extroversion), and negative health-related factors (impaired general health, decreased quality of life and sleep quality, higher perceived stress). Conclusions: It is concluded that BStAS has good psychometric properties, making it a promising tool in the assessment of study addiction. Study addiction is related in predictable ways to personality and health variables, as predicted from contemporary workaholism theory and research

Fear of Missing Out (on myself?) An empirical study of Narcissism in relation to Problematic Facebook Use

This item is only available electronically.Online social networking sites have grown in popularity and have changed the ways in which people communicate. Among these sites, Facebook remains the undisputed leader. However, research indicates it may be excessively used by some vulnerable users. The concept of Problematic Facebook Use (PFU) refers to a pattern of online behaviour that interferes with multiple domains in one’s life, such as work, study, and relationships. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether certain personality factors, specifically the two subtypes of narcissism (grandiose and vulnerable) may be positively related to PFU. In addition, cognitive and social constructs such as the Big Five personality traits, Fear of Missing Out (FoMo) and mood symptoms were examined. A convenience sample of 476 participants aged between 18 and 57 years (M = 23.60, SD = 7.04) were recruited from the University of Adelaide first-year psychology pool and through Facebook advertising. Participants completed an online questionnaire that measured PFU and various personality variables. Quantitative analysis involved an independent samples t-test, Spearman’s correlations, and a hierarchical multiple regression. Results produced two main findings. First, females reported significantly higher PFU and more frequent online social behaviour than males. Second, contrary to predictions, FoMo was a stronger predictor of PFU than narcissism variables. The results of the present study contribute to current understandings of the association between personality factors and PFU, highlighting that narcissism and FoMo may be useful explanatory concepts for persistent social media use and relevant mechanisms to target in interventions to prevent or reduce PFU.Thesis (B.PsychSc(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Psychology, 201

Development and Maintenance of Self-Disclosure on Facebook: The Role of Personality Traits

This study explored the relationships between Facebook self-disclosure and personality traits in a sample of Italian users. The aim was to analyze the predictive role of Big Five personality traits on different parameters of breadth and depth of selfdisclosed behaviors online. Facebook users, aged between 18 and 64 years of age (Mage = 25.3 years, SD = 6.8; N = 958), of which 51% were female, voluntarily completed an online survey assessing personality traits and Facebook self-disclosure. Results at a series of hierarchical regression analyses significantly corroborated the hypotheses that high extroverted and openness people tend to disclose on Facebook a significant amount of personal information, whereas high consciousness and agreeableness users are less inclined to do it. Furthermore, more extroverts and agreeableness people develop less intimacy on Facebook, differently from those with high levels of openness. Results also corroborated the hypothesis of a full mediation of time usage in the relationship between personality factors such as extroversion and conscientiousness with breadth of Facebook self-disclosure. Overall, according to the findings of the current study, personality traits and Facebook self-disclosure become central both as predictive variables for depicting the different profiles of potential addicted and as variables to help educators, teachers, and clinicians to develop training or therapeutic programs aimed at preventing the risk of Internet addiction. Limitations of the study are discussed, and directions for future research are suggested

Personaliti remaja dalam penulisan blog

Past studies have shown that teenagers have different personality styles while communicating face-to-face and in writing. The difference in communication styles of these two mediums result in individual personalities having their true selves difficult to be recognized, especially in writing. The personality that exists through writing causes individuals to become independent and act irrationally on the Internet. This issue is particularly alarming, especially among teenagers in Malaysia who make up the highest number of Internet users in Malaysia. Based on the Big Five's Personality Theory, the present study was conducted to examine how teenagers communicate by using texts on the internet, in terms of: a) personality traits of all blog posts written by teenagers in 2012; b) language use in blog postings for each personality trait; and c) factors affecting personality traits in blog posts. The informants in the study consisted of two teenagers. They were screened out of 40 teenagers, aged between 16 and 19, who were active in blogging on the internet, having written 55 blog posts throughout 2012. Every blog post created throughout the year 2012 is then classified by the use of words in its text. The use of words in the text is then adjusted to the five personality traits to show the factors that influence them.The findings showed that emotion is the main factor which influenced the teenagers' personality traits in writing on the internet. The analysis of the blog posts showed the occurrences of all the five personality traits of the Big Five's Personality Theory which are Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness and Neuroticism. In conclusion. this study has been able to assess teenagers' personality traits in blog writing compared to face-to-face. Besides, this study helps to identify teenagers' personality via blog writing and characteristics based on the five traits in the Big Five's Personality Theory

Effects of the internet, other media and study time on wellbeing and academic attainment of university students

There has been considerable research on the effects of the internet and other media on the academic attainment of university students. Less is known about effects on wellbeing, and studies have rarely controlled for other established predictors of attainment (e.g. conscientiousness) and wellbeing (e.g. stressors; negative coping; positive personality and social support). Three hundred and thirteen university students completed an online survey involving the Student Wellbeing Process Questionnaire and questions about internet use, interference from the internet, and studying time. Grade Point Average (GPA) scores for the students were added to the database. The results showed that hours of internet/media use were significantly correlated with negative wellbeing, lower GPA scores, and negative coping. Hours studying were significantly correlated with GPA scores and conscientiousness. Internet interference with studying was the strongest predictor. It was negatively correlated with GPA and positive outcomes and positively correlated with negative wellbeing. It was also positively correlated with established predictors of negative wellbeing (stressors and negative coping) and negatively correlated with predictors of positive wellbeing (positive personality; conscientiousness). When the established predictors were statistically controlled, hours spent on the internet and other media were associated with lower academic attainment scores. None of the associations between internet use, internet interference, studying time and wellbeing remained significant when established predictors were controlled for. These results show that many negative outcomes attributed to internet use reflect other correlated attributes. Reduced academic attainment remained significantly associated with internet use, and further research with longitudinal designs (preferably with interventions) is required to investigate underlying causal mechanism

Digital Piracy of MP3s: Consumer and Ethical Predispositions

Purpose – Illegal downloading of music has become an inexorable and rampant activity particularly among college students who have been little deterred by industry legal actions. The purpose of this research is to examine the present state of downloading and how ethical orientation and attitudes towards MP3 piracy impact such activities. The paper also aims to use ethical scenarios as a way of understanding the ethical reasoning in illegal downloading. Design/methodology/approach – Key research questions are proposed that are related to illegal downloading. A sample of 364 university students was used to examine each research question. Statistical results are reported. Findings – The results clearly show that downloading continues at a high rate today driven by a strong belief that it is not ethically wrong. Ethical orientation was found to be positively associated with awareness of the social cost of downloading, consequences of downloading, and ethical belief in downloading. Ethical scenarios show that ethical orientation is also associated with downloading activities and with stealing. Other results indicate that respondents believe that their peers are more prone to stealing music and downloading MP3s illegally. Fear of consequences does seem to have an impact on the propensity to download illegally. Practical implications – The paper contributes to inform industry representatives that appeals to ethics or guilt are not likely to deter illegal downloading measurably. The use of punishment for downloaders may have a short-term effect but other (more positive) measures are required. Originality/value – No research has examined downloading of MP3s in the manner developed in this paper. The paper contributes to a better understanding of consumer behavior among those who download. The results provide insight into a serious problem in the recording industry that is likely to persist in the distant future unless sound measures are developed

The Influence of Personality Traits on Ethical Behavior of Police: The Mediating Effect of Ethical Leadership

Unethical behavior by police officers continues to garner a lot of attention. Engagement in such conduct will tarnish police reputation as law enforcers who are responsible to protect the welfare of society. Hence, fostering ethical behavior among police officers should be encouraged. However, there is a dearth of in-depth knowledge in existing literature, providing a sufficient explanation contributing to the ethical behavior of police officers. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of the reciprocal relationship between personal factors and environmental factors on behavioral outcomes. By employing the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) as an underpinning theory, this present study intends to examine the influences of personal factors, namely personality traits, on the ethical behavior of the police. This study also introduces ethical leadership as a mediating variable to fill the knowledge gap in the existing literature