373 research outputs found
On in-situ visualization for strongly coupled partitioned fluid-structure interaction
We present an integrated in-situ visualization approach for partitioned
multi-physics simulation of fluid-structure interaction. The simulation itself is treated
as a black box and only the information at the fluid-structure interface is considered,
and communicated between the fluid and solid solvers with a separate coupling tool.
The visualization of the interface data is performed in conjunction with the fluid solver.
Furthermore, we present new visualization techniques for the analysis of the interrelation
of the two solvers , with emphasis on the involved error due to discretization in space and
time and the reconstruction. Our visualization approach also enables the investigation of
these errors with respect of their mutual influence on the two simulation codes and their
space-time discretization. For efficient interactive visualization, we employ the concept
of explorable spatiotemporal images, which also enables finite-time temporal navigation
in an in-situ context. We demonstrate our overall approach and its utility by means of
a fluid-structure simulation using OpenFOAM that is coupled by the preCICE software
layer
Volumetric Medical Images Visualization on Mobile Devices
Volumetric medical images visualization is an important tool in the diagnosis
and treatment of diseases. Through history, one of the most dificult
tasks for Medicine Specialists has been the accurate location of broken bones
and of the damaged tissues during Chemotherapy treatment, among other
applications; like techniques used in Neurological Studies. Thus these situations
enhance the need of visualization in Medicine. New technologies,
the improvement and development of new hardware as well as software and
the updating of old ones for graphic applications have resulted in specialized
systems for medical visualization. However the use of these techniques
in mobile devices has been poor due to its low performance. In our work,
we propose a client-server scheme, where the model is compressed in the
server side and is reconstructed in a nal thin-client device. The technique
restricts the natural density values to achieve good bone visualization in
medical models, transforming the rest of the data to zero. Our proposal
uses a tridimensional Haar Wavelet Function locally applied inside units
blocks of 16x16x16, similar to the Wavelet Based 3D Compression Scheme
for Interactive Visualization of Very Large Volume Data approach. We also
implement a quantization algorithm which handles error coeficients according
to the frequency distributions of these coe cients. Finally, we made
an evaluation of the volume visualization; on current mobile devices .We
present the speci cations for the implementation of our technique in the
Nokia n900 Mobile Phone
The world’s wealth in pizza: Improving the comprehension of large numbers through information visualization
Extreme numerical magnitudes are part of our daily lives, from science to economics to politics. Specifically for large monetary measures, however, there are no comprehensive models for visualization practitioners to promote their understanding. Previous works on this topic have provided a framework for the visual depiction of complex measures but did not assess its effectiveness in communicating the real magnitude of the presented measures. In this thesis I bring together findings from Information Visualization and numerical cognition to extend the existing framework and assess the effects of different strategies, with a focus on monetary measures. For this, I created three visualization prototypes and conducted a series of user tests focused on insight creation. User tests highlighted advantages and disadvantages for different strategies and yielded various findings for their implementation in Information Visualisation
Reducing Occlusion in Cinema Databases through Feature-Centric Visualizations
In modern supercomputer architectures, the I/O capabilities do not keep up with the computational speed. Image-based techniques are one very promising approach to a scalable output format for visual analysis, in which a reduced output that corresponds to the visible state of the simulation is rendered in-situ and stored to disk. These techniques can support interactive exploration of the data through image compositing and other methods, but automatic methods of highlighting data and reducing clutter can make these methods more effective. In this paper, we suggest a method of assisted exploration through
the combination of feature-centric analysis with image space techniques and show how the reduction of the data to features of interest reduces occlusion in the output for a set of example applications
Explainable Semantic Medical Image Segmentation with Style
Semantic medical image segmentation using deep learning has recently achieved
high accuracy, making it appealing to clinical problems such as radiation
therapy. However, the lack of high-quality semantically labelled data remains a
challenge leading to model brittleness to small shifts to input data. Most
works require extra data for semi-supervised learning and lack the
interpretability of the boundaries of the training data distribution during
training, which is essential for model deployment in clinical practice. We
propose a fully supervised generative framework that can achieve generalisable
segmentation with only limited labelled data by simultaneously constructing an
explorable manifold during training. The proposed approach creates medical
image style paired with a segmentation task driven discriminator incorporating
end-to-end adversarial training. The discriminator is generalised to small
domain shifts as much as permissible by the training data, and the generator
automatically diversifies the training samples using a manifold of input
features learnt during segmentation. All the while, the discriminator guides
the manifold learning by supervising the semantic content and fine-grained
features separately during the image diversification. After training,
visualisation of the learnt manifold from the generator is available to
interpret the model limits. Experiments on a fully semantic, publicly available
pelvis dataset demonstrated that our method is more generalisable to shifts
than other state-of-the-art methods while being more explainable using an
explorable manifold
DRLViz: Understanding Decisions and Memory in Deep Reinforcement Learning
We present DRLViz, a visual analytics interface to interpret the internal
memory of an agent (e.g. a robot) trained using deep reinforcement learning.
This memory is composed of large temporal vectors updated when the agent moves
in an environment and is not trivial to understand due to the number of
dimensions, dependencies to past vectors, spatial/temporal correlations, and
co-correlation between dimensions. It is often referred to as a black box as
only inputs (images) and outputs (actions) are intelligible for humans. Using
DRLViz, experts are assisted to interpret decisions using memory reduction
interactions, and to investigate the role of parts of the memory when errors
have been made (e.g. wrong direction). We report on DRLViz applied in the
context of video games simulators (ViZDoom) for a navigation scenario with item
gathering tasks. We also report on experts evaluation using DRLViz, and
applicability of DRLViz to other scenarios and navigation problems beyond
simulation games, as well as its contribution to black box models
interpretability and explainability in the field of visual analytics
Crowdsourced Quantification and Visualization of Urban Mobility Space Inequality
Most cities are car-centric, allocating a privileged amount of urban space to cars at the expense of sustainable mobility like cycling. Simultaneously, privately owned vehicles are vastly underused, wasting valuable opportunities for accommodating more people in a livable urban environment by occupying spacious parking areas. Since a data-driven quantification and visualization of such urban mobility space inequality is lacking, here we explore how crowdsourced data can help to advance its understanding. In particular, we describe how the open-source online platform What the Street!? uses massive user-generated data from OpenStreetMap for the interactive exploration of city-wide mobility spaces. Using polygon packing and graph algorithms, the platform rearranges all parking and mobility spaces of cars, rails, and bicycles of a city to be directly comparable, making mobility space inequality accessible to a broad public. This crowdsourced method confirms a prevalent imbalance between modal share and space allocation in 23 cities worldwide, typically discriminating bicycles. Analyzing the guesses of the platform’s visitors about mobility space distributions, we find that this discrimination is consistently underestimated in the public opinion. Finally, we discuss a visualized scenario in which extensive parking areas are regained through fleets of shared, autonomous vehicles. We outline how such accessible visualization platforms can facilitate urban planners and policy makers to reclaim road and parking space for pushing forward sustainable transport solutions
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