De-ossifying the Internet Transport Layer : A Survey and Future Perspectives

ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their useful suggestions and comments.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Forecasting Recharging Demand to Integrate Electric Vehicle Fleets in Smart Grids

Electric vehicle fleets and smart grids are two growing technologies. These technologies provided new possibilities to reduce pollution and increase energy efficiency. In this sense, electric vehicles are used as mobile loads in the power grid. A distributed charging prioritization methodology is proposed in this paper. The solution is based on the concept of virtual power plants and the usage of evolutionary computation algorithms. Additionally, the comparison of several evolutionary algorithms, genetic algorithm, genetic algorithm with evolution control, particle swarm optimization, and hybrid solution are shown in order to evaluate the proposed architecture. The proposed solution is presented to prevent the overload of the power grid

Raising the Datagram API to Support Transport Protocol Evolution

Some application developers can wield huge resources to build new transport protocols, for these developers the present UDP Socket API is perfectly fine. They have access to large test beds and sophisticated tools. Many developers do not have these resources. This paper presents a new high-level Datagram API that is for everyone else, this has an advantage of offering a clear evolutionary path to support new requirements. This new API is needed to move forward the base of the system, allowing developers with limited resources to evolve their applications while accessing new network services

The Beginnings and Prospective Ending of “End-to-End”: An Evolutionary Perspective On the Internet’s Architecture

The technology of “the Internet” is not static. Although its “end-to- end” architecture has made this “connection-less” communications system readily “extensible,” and highly encouraging to innovation both in hardware and software applications, there are strong pressures for engineering changes. Some of these are wanted to support novel transport services (e.g. voice telephony, real-time video); others would address drawbacks that appeared with opening of the Internet to public and commercial traffic - e.g., the difficulties of blocking delivery of offensive content, suppressing malicious actions (e.g. “denial of service” attacks), pricing bandwidth usage to reduce congestion. The expected gains from making “improvements” in the core of the network should be weighed against the loss of the social and economic benefits that derive from the “end-to-end” architectural design. Even where technological “fixes” can be placed at the networks’ edges, the option remains to search for alternative, institutional mechanisms of governing conduct in cyberspace.

Evaluation Study for Delay and Link Utilization with the New-Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease Congestion Avoidance and Control Algorithm

As the Internet becomes increasingly heterogeneous, the issue of congestion avoidance and control becomes ever more important. And the queue length, end-to-end delays and link utilization is some of the important things in term of congestion avoidance and control mechanisms. In this work we continue to study the performances of the New-AIMD (Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease) mechanism as one of the core protocols for TCP congestion avoidance and control algorithm, we want to evaluate the effect of using the AIMD algorithm after developing it to find a new approach, as we called it the New-AIMD algorithm to measure the Queue length, delay and bottleneck link utilization, and use the NCTUns simulator to get the results after make the modification for the mechanism. And we will use the Droptail mechanism as the active queue management mechanism (AQM) in the bottleneck router. After implementation of our new approach with different number of flows, we expect the delay will less when we measure the delay dependent on the throughput for all the system, and also we expect to get end-to-end delay less. And we will measure the second type of delay a (queuing delay), as we shown in the figure 1 bellow. Also we will measure the bottleneck link utilization, and we expect to get high utilization for bottleneck link with using this mechanism, and avoid the collisions in the link

Economic Policy Analysis and the Internet: Coming to Terms with a Telecommunications Anomaly

The significant set of public policy issues for economic analysis that arise from the tensions between the ‘special benefits’ of the Internet as a platform for innovation, and the drawbacks of the “anomalous” features of the Internet viewed as simply one among the array of telecommunications systems, is the focus of discussion in this chapter. Economists concerned with industrial organization and regulation (including antitrust and merger law) initially found new scope for application of their expertise in conventional policy analyses of the Internet’s interactions with other segments of the telecommunications sector (broadcast and cable television, radio and telephone), and emphasized the potential congestion problems posed by user anonymity and flat rate pricing. Policy issues of a more dynamic kind have subsequently come to the fore. These involve classic tradeoffs between greater efficiency and producer and consumer surpluses today, and a potential for more innovation in Web-based products and service in the future. Many such tradeoffs involve choices such as that between policies that would preserve the original ‘end-to-end’ design of the original Internet architecture, and those that would be more encouraging of market-driven deployment of new technologies that afforded ISPs with greater market power the opportunity to offer (and extract greater profits from) restricted-Web services that consumers valued highly, such as secure and private VOIP.public policy, telecommunications, Web-based products, user anonymity

Review of routing and wavelength assignment problem

In today’s internet world there is a growing demand of network bandwidth. Where traditional copper fibers offer very less bandwidth, optical fibers can offer very lager bandwidth. So, there is a growing sense of using optical fibers. Optical networks generally use wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technique, which is the backbone of future generation internet. In WDM networks fibers are logically divided into non-interfering, circuit-switched communication channels. In optical network Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA) problem is a typical problem. This can be seen as a conjunction of two problems, one is Routing and other one is Wavelength Assignment. First one finds a route from source to destination for requested connection and the next one assigns a wavelength to this route. The nature of RWA problem is NP-complete. Hence, heuristic approaches suits well for this class of problems. RWA problem can be formulated as Integer linear programming (ILP) problem. This type of problem focuses on optimizing a single objective. Here objectives may be minimizing the number of amplifiers or maximizing the number of connections or minimizing the number of wavelength used. But our primary objective in RWA problem is to establish a loop free path which minimizes the crosstalk. To achieve this objective we are taking the help of genetic algorithm (GA). Congestion among the individual lightpath request will be the parameter for the application of genetic algorithm