Technology 2001: The Second National Technology Transfer Conference and Exposition, volume 1

Papers from the technical sessions of the Technology 2001 Conference and Exposition are presented. The technical sessions featured discussions of advanced manufacturing, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, computer graphics and simulation, communications, data and information management, electronics, electro-optics, environmental technology, life sciences, materials science, medical advances, robotics, software engineering, and test and measurement

NASA Tech Briefs, November/December 1987

Topics include: NASA TU Services; New Product Ideas; Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Fabrication Technology; Machinery; Mathematics and Information Sciences; Life Sciences

Fuel Cell Renewable Hybrid Power Systems

Climate change is becoming visible today, and so this book—through including innovative solutions and experimental research as well as state-of-the-art studies in challenging areas related to sustainable energy development based on hybrid energy systems that combine renewable energy systems with fuel cells—represents a useful resource for researchers in these fields. In this context, hydrogen fuel cell technology is one of the alternative solutions for the development of future clean energy systems. As this book presents the latest solutions, readers working in research areas related to the above are invited to read it

Aspects of laser absorption spectroscopy in the mid-infrared and visible

Laser absorption spectroscopy can be used to identify and quantify gas analytes. The sponsor company’s present systems operate in the mid-infrared using room temperature pulsed quantum cascade lasers (pulsed-QCL’s). These systems use the noise reduction / sensitivity enhancing technique of sweep integration (SI). In this work, an extension of measurement capabilities is sought in two ways. Firstly, sensitivity enhancement is pursued. The noise reduction technique of wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) is applied using a room temperature continuous wave (cw) QCL spectrometer. Secondly, molecular oxygen is added to the list of measurable analytes. This molecule’s near-infrared and visible transitions are addressed with a wavenumber prototype semiconductor diode laser. The sensitivities of the SI and WMS techniques are compared for the cw-QCL spectrometer, and compared to the SI sensitivity of a typical company pulsed-QCL system. New analysis and modeling software was written to facilitate the thesis work and to carry it forward. A thorough analysis of a pulsed-QCL CT3000 analyzer is undertaken to minimize a reduction in capability - should an oxygen measuring laser replace one of its pulsed-QCL’s. The experimental work was constrained by time and budget - particularly with regard to the cw-QCL spectrometer’s AC-coupled detection. Using AC-coupled detection had cost and integration advantages, but posed a number of problems - including electronic incompatibility issues. Nevertheless, the outlook is positive, and a modest sensitivity improvement was found for WMS over sweep integration (0.017 absorbance units (a.u.) in 102.4s compared to 0.080 a.u. in 51ms). Both sensitivities are some way behind the present sweep integration performance of the company’s pulsed spectrometers (0.004 a.u. in 10ms). However, the sensitivities are comparable to earlier stages of development. In the case of oxygen spectroscopy, the prototype diode laser’s thermal stability was an issue, but several spectral regions were found to be suitable for single or multimode spectroscopy.Laser absorption spectroscopy can be used to identify and quantify gas analytes. The sponsor company’s present systems operate in the mid-infrared using room temperature pulsed quantum cascade lasers (pulsed-QCL’s). These systems use the noise reduction / sensitivity enhancing technique of sweep integration (SI). In this work, an extension of measurement capabilities is sought in two ways. Firstly, sensitivity enhancement is pursued. The noise reduction technique of wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) is applied using a room temperature continuous wave (cw) QCL spectrometer. Secondly, molecular oxygen is added to the list of measurable analytes. This molecule’s near-infrared and visible transitions are addressed with a wavenumber prototype semiconductor diode laser. The sensitivities of the SI and WMS techniques are compared for the cw-QCL spectrometer, and compared to the SI sensitivity of a typical company pulsed-QCL system. New analysis and modeling software was written to facilitate the thesis work and to carry it forward. A thorough analysis of a pulsed-QCL CT3000 analyzer is undertaken to minimize a reduction in capability - should an oxygen measuring laser replace one of its pulsed-QCL’s. The experimental work was constrained by time and budget - particularly with regard to the cw-QCL spectrometer’s AC-coupled detection. Using AC-coupled detection had cost and integration advantages, but posed a number of problems - including electronic incompatibility issues. Nevertheless, the outlook is positive, and a modest sensitivity improvement was found for WMS over sweep integration (0.017 absorbance units (a.u.) in 102.4s compared to 0.080 a.u. in 51ms). Both sensitivities are some way behind the present sweep integration performance of the company’s pulsed spectrometers (0.004 a.u. in 10ms). However, the sensitivities are comparable to earlier stages of development. In the case of oxygen spectroscopy, the prototype diode laser’s thermal stability was an issue, but several spectral regions were found to be suitable for single or multimode spectroscopy

Understanding Quantum Technologies 2022

Understanding Quantum Technologies 2022 is a creative-commons ebook that provides a unique 360 degrees overview of quantum technologies from science and technology to geopolitical and societal issues. It covers quantum physics history, quantum physics 101, gate-based quantum computing, quantum computing engineering (including quantum error corrections and quantum computing energetics), quantum computing hardware (all qubit types, including quantum annealing and quantum simulation paradigms, history, science, research, implementation and vendors), quantum enabling technologies (cryogenics, control electronics, photonics, components fabs, raw materials), quantum computing algorithms, software development tools and use cases, unconventional computing (potential alternatives to quantum and classical computing), quantum telecommunications and cryptography, quantum sensing, quantum technologies around the world, quantum technologies societal impact and even quantum fake sciences. The main audience are computer science engineers, developers and IT specialists as well as quantum scientists and students who want to acquire a global view of how quantum technologies work, and particularly quantum computing. This version is an extensive update to the 2021 edition published in October 2021.Comment: 1132 pages, 920 figures, Letter forma

Proceedings of the 8th Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting

The Proceedings contain the papers presented at the Eight Annual Precise Time and Tme Interval PTTI Applications and Planning Meeting. The edited record of the discussions following the papers and the panel discussions are also included. This meeting provided a forum for the exchange of information on precise time and frequency technology among members of the scientific community and persons with program applications. The 282 registered attendees came from various U.S. Government agencies, private industry, universities and a number of foreign countries were represented. In this meeting, papers were presented that emphasized: (1) definitions and international regulations of precise time sources and users, (2) the scientific foundations of Hydrogen Maser standards, the current developments in this field and the application experience, and (3) how to measure the stability performance properties of precise standards. As in the previous meetings, update and new papers were presented on system applications with past, present and future requirements identified

NASA/American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) Summer Faculty Fellowship Program, 1985

The 1985 NASA/ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Research Program was conducted by Texas A&M University and the Johnson Space Center. The ten week program was operated under the auspices of the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE). The faculty fellows spent the time at JSC engaged in research projects commensurate with their interests and background and worked in collaboration with NASA/JSC colleagues. This document is a compilation of the final reports of their research during the summer of 1985

Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory annual report, October 1, 1993-- September 30, 1994

The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) project is well into the experimental phase of its deuterium-tritium (D-T) program, with the objective to derive the maximum amount of experimental data on the behavior of tokamak plasmas containing a significant population of energetic alpha particles. Since the initial D-T experiments in December 1993, the operational performance of the TFTR, as well as the required tritium-handling and machine maintenance procedures in an activated environment, have improved markedly, so that D-T operation has now become essentially routine, while fully conforming with all of the safety and environmental requirements. During the D-T phase, the machine and auxiliary-systems parameters have also been increased, most notably the toroidal field (to 5.6 T) and the neutral-beam power (to 40 MW). The radio-frequency power in the ion-cyclotron-range of frequencies (ICRF) has been increased to 11 MW