Evaluation of a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mikyss) culture water recirculating system

ABSTRACT Objective. To evaluate a water recirculation system for rainbow trout fish cultures at the recirculating laboratory of the Aquaculture Engineering Production Program of University of Nariño. Materials and Methods. 324 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mikyss) fries were cultured in 12 plastic tanks with a capacity of 250 L in an aquaculture recirculating system the treatment system of which was made up by a conventional sedimentation tank, a fixed stand upflow biofilter with recycled PVC tube pieces and a natural degassing system; the sedimentation unit effluent was pumped up to a reservoir tank using a 2 HP centrifugal pump after being subject to gravity through the biofilter and to be then distributed to the 12 culture units to which a constant amount of air from a blower was injected. Results. The water treatment system removed 31% of total suspended solids, 9.5% of total ammonia nitrogen, and increased dissolved oxygen to the final effluent in 6.5%. An increase of 305% in biomass was calculated during 75 days, the mortality percentage registered throughout the study period was 4.9%. Conclusions. The water treatment system maintained the physicochemical water quality parameters within the values recommended for the species. The increase in weight and size, food conversion, mortality and biomass production reported normal values for rainbow trout fish culture in recirculating systems

Análisis de la sostenibilidad de sistemas piscícolas en el territorio Arhuaco de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, mediante análisis emergético

Los desafíos que enfrenta la acuicultura son diversos pues, aunque es vista como una de las principales opciones para enfrentar las problemáticas de seguridad alimentaria mundial, es necesario buscar que la producción asegure un desarrollo sostenible en términos económicos, sociales y medioambientales, especialmente si la actividad es desarrollada en territorios indígenas. Así, el objetivo de este estudio fue realizar la evaluación de la sostenibilidad de tres sistemas piscícolas instalados en el territorio Arhuaco de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM), Colombia, mediante metodología emergética. El primer sistema se localizó en la comunidad de Nabusímake, en la parte alta de la SNSM, donde se evaluó el cultivo de trucha arco iris (T) en régimen semi intensivo. Los otros dos sistemas se instalaron en la comunidad de Jimaín en la parte baja de la SNSM, donde se estudió el policultivo de cachama y bocachico en un modelo de agro acuicultura integrada con o sin uso de sustratos para fijación de perifiton (PCp y PSp respectivamente). Para el análisis de sostenibilidad se utilizaron índices emergéticos, calculados a partir de la transformación de los recursos renovables (R), no renovables (N), materiales (M), servicios (S) y productos (O) de cada sistema a unidades de energía solar (sej). La evaluación emergética mostró que todos los sistemas son altamente dependientes de recursos no renovables como el agua y suelo, así como de materiales provenientes de la economía humana como alimento y materiales para la adecuación de estanques. Los índices emergéticos indicaron que los policultivos de cachama y bocachico, con o sin uso de perifiton, son sistemas con nivel de sostenibilidad similares, sin embargo, el cultivo de trucha mostró ser más eficiente, al incorporar menos emergía por valor de producto.Abstract: The challenges facing aquaculture are different because, although it is seen as one of the main options for addressing the issues of global food security, it is necessary that fish production gives sustainable development in economic, social and environmental terms, mainly if the fish farm is localized in indigenous land. Thus, the aim of is study was to evaluate the sustainability of three farming systems situated in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, using emergy methodology. The first system was located in the community of Nabusimake, at the top of the SNSM, where the growth of rainbow trout (T) in semi-intensive regimen was evaluated. Other systems were installed in the community of Jimaín, at the bottom of the SNSM, where cachama and bocachico polyculture was studied in a model of agro-integrated aquaculture with or without use of substrates for periphyton growth (PCp, PSp respectively). For sustainability analysis, emergy indicators were used; they were calculated from the conversion of renewable (R) and nonrenewable (N) resources, materials (M), services (S) and products (O) of each system to units of solar energy (sej). The emergy evaluation shows that all systems are highly dependent on non-renewable resources such as water and soil, as well as materials from the human economy as food and materials for the adequacy of ponds. Emergy indicators indicated that polyculture of cachama and bocachico, with or without periphyton use, are systems with similar level of sustainability, however, trout culture showed to be more efficient by incorporating worth less emergy in its product.Maestrí

Evaluation of a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mikyss) culture water recirculating system

Objective. To evaluate a water recirculation system of rainbow trout fish culture at the recirculating laboratory of the Aquaculture Engineering Production Program of the Universidad of Nariño. Materials and Methods. There were cultured 324 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mikyss) fries in 12 plastic tanks of 250 L capacity in a recirculation aquaculture system which treatment system was made up by a conventional sedimentation tank, a fixed bead up flow biofilter with recycled PVC tube pieces used as carrier, and a natural degassing system; the sedimentation unit effluent was pumped to a reservoir tank by a centrifugal 2 HP after passed by gravity through the biofilter and was distributed to the 12 culture units in which there were injected a constant amount of air from a blower. Results. The waste water treatment system removes 31% of the Total Suspended Solids; 9.5% of total ammonia nitrogen, and increased the dissolved oxygen to the final effluent in a 6.5%. It was calculated a biomass increase of 305% on the 75 days, the mortality percentage registered during the research period was of 4.9%. Conclusions. The wastewater treatment system maintained the physic chemical water quality parameters in the recommended values for the specie. The values of weight and size gain, food conversion, mortality and biomass production reported were between the normal values of rainbow trout fish culture in recirculating systems.Objetivo. Evaluar un sistema de recirculación de agua para cultivo de trucha arcoiris en el laboratorio de recirculación del Programa Ingeniería en Producción Acuícola de la Universidad de Nariño. Materiales y métodos. Se cultivaron 324 alevinos de trucha arco íris (Oncorhynchus mikyss) en 12 tanques plásticos de 250 L de capacidad en un sistema de recirculación para acuacultura cuyo sistema de tratamiento estuvo constituido por un sedimentador convencional, un biofiltro de flujo ascendente con medio soporte fijo conformado por segmentos reciclados de tubos PVC, y un sistema de desgasificación natural; el efluente del sedimentador fue elevado a un tanque reservorio por medio de una bomba centrífuga de 2 HP para después pasar por gravedad a través del biofiltro y posteriormente ser distribuido a las 12 unidades de cultivo a las que de manera permanente se inyectó aire proveniente de un blówer. Resultados. El sistema de tratamiento del agua removió 31% de los sólidos suspendidos totales; 9.5% del nitrógeno amoniacal total, e incrementó el oxígeno disuelto al efluente final en un 6.5%. Se calculó un incremento de la biomasa del 345% en los 75 días, el porcentaje de mortalidad registrado durante todo el periodo de estudio fue del 4.9%. Conclusiones. El sistema de tratamiento mantuvo los parámetros físico-químicos de la calidad de agua dentro de los rangos requeridos por la especie. El incremento de peso y talla, la conversión alimenticia, la mortalidad y la producción de biomasa reportaron valores normales para producción de trucha en sistemas de recirculación