Ethical and Privacy Issues in the Design of Learning Analytics Applications

Issues related to Ethics and Privacy have become a major stumbling block in application of Learning Analytics technologies on a large scale. Recently, the learning analytics community at large has more actively addressed the EP4LA issues, and we are now starting to see learning analytics solutions that are designed not only as an afterthought, but also with these issues in mind. The 2nd EP4LA@LAK16 workshop will bring the discussion on ethics and privacy for learning analytics to a the next level, helping to build an agenda for organizational and technical design of LA solutions, addressing the different processes of a learning analytics workflow

Towards Value-Sensitive Learning Analytics Design

To support ethical considerations and system integrity in learning analytics, this paper introduces two cases of applying the Value Sensitive Design methodology to learning analytics design. The first study applied two methods of Value Sensitive Design, namely stakeholder analysis and value analysis, to a conceptual investigation of an existing learning analytics tool. This investigation uncovered a number of values and value tensions, leading to design trade-offs to be considered in future tool refinements. The second study holistically applied Value Sensitive Design to the design of a recommendation system for the Wikipedia WikiProjects. To proactively consider values among stakeholders, we derived a multi-stage design process that included literature analysis, empirical investigations, prototype development, community engagement, iterative testing and refinement, and continuous evaluation. By reporting on these two cases, this paper responds to a need of practical means to support ethical considerations and human values in learning analytics systems. These two cases demonstrate that Value Sensitive Design could be a viable approach for balancing a wide range of human values, which tend to encompass and surpass ethical issues, in learning analytics design.Comment: The 9th International Learning Analytics & Knowledge Conference (LAK19

Privacy Protection in the Digital Age: A Criminal Law Perspective

CC BY 4.0Privacy as a fundamental right faces considerable challenges as people’s activities have moved into cyberspace. The development of technology has had an impact on a various areas related to personal privacy. This article discusses changes to the concept of privacy in the digital age, presents approaches to privacy issues in the law of the European Union (EU) and United States (US) today, and reveals the aspects of privacy protection in criminal law based on the relevant Lithuanian case law and Ukrainian law. This analysis showed that legal regulation and practice must be adapted to the changed situation. The use of technology has created new ways of committing serious privacy violations; therefore, criminal law must be ready to properly respond to the changing nature of crimes against personal privacy in the digital age

Nuevas tecnologías y tendencias en la educación

520 p.[ES] El uso de las nuevas tecnologías en educación no es un tema nuevo. Llevamos décadas utilizando ordenadores y otros dispositivos en las aulas. A pesar de ello, la eclosión de Internet y los dispositivos móviles ha abierto una nueva vía de trabajo y reflexión entre los expertos y profesionales de la educación. En este congreso hemos profundizado sobre la influencia que han tenido en la educación las tecnologías de los últimos tiempos. Sobre todo, hemos analizado el desarrollo de la educación online en la universidad. Además, en boca de todos han corrido términos como MOOC o SPOC. Hemos conocido nuevos software educativos y, dando un paso hacia delante, hemos tenido la oportunidad de ver apps, softwares y otras herramientas y proyectos elaborados por el alumnado actual.[EU] Teknologia berrien erabilera hezkuntzan ez da gai berria. Aspaldi ari gara ordenagiluak eta bestelako gailuak erabiltzen. Hala ere, Interneten sorrerak eta gailu mugikorren gizarteratzeak bide berriak jorratzeko aukera zabala ekarri du. Kongresu honetan azken garaietako teknologiek hezkuntzan izan duten eraginaz aritu gara. Bereziki aztertu dira online-hezkuntzaren garapen berriak unibertsitatean, eta denon ahotan ibli dira MOOCak eta SPOCak. Hezkuntza-software berriak ere ezagutu ditugu. Pausu bat aurrerago salto egin eta ikasleekin eraikitako appak, softwareak eta bestelakoak ikusteko aukera izan dugu, programazioaren munduan murgilduz

An Investigation of Privacy and Utility Tensions in Learning Analytics

Through learning analytics (LA), higher education institutions have put student data to various uses which aim to be beneficial for students, lecturers, and the institutions. Despite the potential benefits of LA, however, there are research gaps in understanding inherent privacy and utility tensions. Using four research studies, this thesis is an investigation of factors that contribute to these tensions. An examination, using Delphi study techniques, of how LA experts (n=12) conceptualised privacy in LA and what they thought of as key privacy issues demonstrated a collective agreement on institutional responsibility, including to empower students to manage their privacy. As such, the findings exposed gaps between existing institutional applications of LA and the views of the experts. A laboratory study (n=111) with follow-up semi-structured interviews (n=4) identified that students are not concerned about the use of their data for LA. However, knowing that student data could be shared with third parties evoked feelings of discomfort. The qualitative data suggested that students’ privacy concepts differed from those of the LA experts, highlighting a need to operationalise LA with a shared understanding of what privacy means for stakeholders. Using an experimental design (n=447), privacy concern was further examined through the lens of students’ data use preferences. The findings suggested that participants’ data use preferences were not influenced by an awareness of the possible privacy risks and benefits of data use for LA. Consequently, other factors might influence students’ data use preferences. The qualitative data shed light on a “dual nature” to participants’ data use preferences, suggesting both support for and reservation about the use of student data for LA, the latter due to ethics and privacy concerns. Further examination using follow-up interviews (n=15) suggested a need to align institutional data use practices with students’ expectations. Taken together, the research findings suggest that privacy in LA combines several concepts, expressed in different ways across stakeholder groups. To better understand students’ perspectives of privacy in LA requires unpacking the dimensions of privacy that contribute to students’ privacy concern, or lack thereof. Most importantly, while some uses of student data for LA do not concern students, other data uses might not meet their expectations. Taking steps to address these tensions will contribute towards ethical LA

Nuevas tecnologías y tendencias en la educación

520 p.[ES] El uso de las nuevas tecnologías en educación no es un tema nuevo. Llevamos décadas utilizando ordenadores y otros dispositivos en las aulas. A pesar de ello, la eclosión de Internet y los dispositivos móviles ha abierto una nueva vía de trabajo y reflexión entre los expertos y profesionales de la educación. En este congreso hemos profundizado sobre la influencia que han tenido en la educación las tecnologías de los últimos tiempos. Sobre todo, hemos analizado el desarrollo de la educación online en la universidad. Además, en boca de todos han corrido términos como MOOC o SPOC. Hemos conocido nuevos software educativos y, dando un paso hacia delante, hemos tenido la oportunidad de ver apps, softwares y otras herramientas y proyectos elaborados por el alumnado actual.[EU] Teknologia berrien erabilera hezkuntzan ez da gai berria. Aspaldi ari gara ordenagiluak eta bestelako gailuak erabiltzen. Hala ere, Interneten sorrerak eta gailu mugikorren gizarteratzeak bide berriak jorratzeko aukera zabala ekarri du. Kongresu honetan azken garaietako teknologiek hezkuntzan izan duten eraginaz aritu gara. Bereziki aztertu dira online-hezkuntzaren garapen berriak unibertsitatean, eta denon ahotan ibli dira MOOCak eta SPOCak. Hezkuntza-software berriak ere ezagutu ditugu. Pausu bat aurrerago salto egin eta ikasleekin eraikitako appak, softwareak eta bestelakoak ikusteko aukera izan dugu, programazioaren munduan murgilduz