57,267 research outputs found
Do Information and Communication Technologies Empower Female Workers? Firm-Level Evidence from Viet Nam
This paper studies the effects of firmsβ investments in information and communication technologies (ICT) on their demand for female and skilled workers. Using the gradual liberalization of the broadband Internet sector across provinces from 2006 to 2009 as a source of exogenous variation to identify the causal impacts of ICT, we find evidence from the countryβs comprehensive enterprise survey data that firmsβ adoption of broadband Internet and other related ICT increased their relative demand for female and college-educated workers. The effect of ICT on firmsβ female employment is particularly strong among the college-educated workers, and is stronger in industries that are more dependent on highly manual and physical tasks. These results suggest that ICT can lower gender inequality in the labor market by shifting the labor demand from highly manual, routine tasks in which men have a comparative advantage toward more nonroutine, interactive tasks in which women hold a comparative advantage. However, the effect of ICT is weaker in industries relying more on complex and interactive tasks, suggesting that gender differences in education may have limited female labor supply for the most innovative industries that require highly technical skills to complement ICT
EDOC: meeting the challenges of enterprise computing
An increasing demand for interoperable applications exists, sparking the real-time exchange of data across borders, applications, and IT platforms. To perform these tasks, enterprise computing now encompasses a new class of groundbreaking technologies such as Web services and service-oriented architecture (SOA); business process integration and management; and middleware support, like that for utility, grid, peer-to-peer, and autonomic computing. Enterprise computing also influences the processes for business modeling, consulting, and service delivery; it affects the design, development, and deployment of software architecture, as well as the monitoring and management of such architecture. As enterprises demand increasing levels of networked information and services to carry out business processes, IT professionals need conferences like EDOC to discuss emerging technologies and issues in enterprise computing. For these reasons, what started out as the Enterprise Distributed Object Computing (EDOC) conference has come to encompass much more than just distributed objects. So this event now used the name International EDOC Enterprise Computing Conference, to recognize this broader scope yet also retain the initial conference's name recognition
Customer Focus Newsletter, May - June, 2011, Vol. 8, no. 3
A bi-monthly bulletin to keep the department/agency management teams of state government better informed. We hope to consolidate most of the service update messages we send throughout the month and keep you updated about the work of the Customer Councils.
If yours is one of the many departments who participated in the second
annual DAS customer satisfaction survey recently, we thank you for taking
the time to give us this important feedback. We look forward to sharing
survey results with you, and pledge to consider responses carefully as we
work to determine benchmarks and set future priorities
Global Entrepreneurship Scotland 2010 Report
GEM is a major research project aimed at describing and analysing entrepreneurial processes within a wide range of countries. GEM has three main objectives: β’ To measure differences in entrepreneurial attitudes, activity and aspirations among economies. β’ To uncover factors determining the nature and level of national entrepreneurial activity. β’ To identify policy implications for enhancing entrepreneurship in an economy
ΠΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅? ΠΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠ³ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·Ρ Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌ
Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ - ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ) ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
, Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ, ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ-ΡΠ³ΠΎΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ) ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ-Π°Π»ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² (ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ), Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ Ρ Β«ΠΏΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈΒ» Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ ΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠΌ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅Π½Π΅Π³ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Β«Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈΒ» Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ ΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ (Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 5 Π»Π΅Ρ) Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠΌ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ Π»ΡΠ±Π°Ρ Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ° (Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ) Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π»ΡΠ±ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ (Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ), Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π»Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ, Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉΠ°Π»ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π», ΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ Β«Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΒ», ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ.The article deals with the problem of substantiation of the emergent economies development regulatory measures (fiscal and / or monetary), using the evolutionary modelling methods. For this purpose, the mathematical model was constructed that simulates the co-evolution process of the advanced and developing countries, linked by global value chains. In this model, each country is characterized by its original structure of economic entities, defined by the ratio of the egoistic enterprises (predisposed to conservative behaviour) to the altruistic enterprises (predisposed to innovation), as well as by specific population and demographic processes. The results of the computational experiments have shown that the success of economic regulation fundamentally depends on the peculiarities of the initial state of the institutional environment. In the institutional environment with the Β«transparentΒ» long behaviour and, accordingly, a long economic planning horizon, the best result in the form of average annual production growth rate of the emergent economies is provided by the cheap money policy combined with the high European taxes. A different situation is observed in more realistic short behaviour and, accordingly, short (under 5 years) economic planning horizon. In this case, any tax policy (neither low nor high taxes) together with any money (neither cheap nor expensive), to a certain extent loses its significance, as the initially backward innovative system does not allow to quickly get good results, and the long-term benefits of the potential economic growth are not taken into consideration. However, low taxes and cheap money are important as they create better conditions for survival of the altruistic enterprises, facilitating their investment activities, which can multiply increase their technical performance and economic efficiency. Still, in the context of the evolutionary economics and following the conducted computational experiments, the fiscal policy in terms of emerging markets retains its regulatory capacity, and therefore requires further reforms in the context of the Β«new realityΒ» based on the global value chains
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