Resource allocation for multimedia messaging services over EGPRS

The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a new bearer service for GSM that greatly simplifies wireless access to packet data networks, such as the Internet, corporate LANs or to mobile portals. It applies a packet radio standard to transfer user data packets in wellorganized way between Mobile Stations (MS) and external packet data networks. The Enhanced General Packet Radio Service (EGPRS) is an extension of GPRS, offering much greater capacity. These enhancements have allowed the introduction of new services like Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS). MMS enables messaging with full content versatility, including images, audio, video, data and text, from terminal to terminal or from terminal to e-mail. The Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is the WAP Forum standard for the presentation and delivery of wireless information and telephony services on mobile phones and other wireless terminals. In this thesis it is indicated that efficient radio resource allocation is necessary for managing different types of traffic in order to maintain the quality demands for different types of services. A theoretical model of MMS and WAP traffic is developed, and based on this model a simulator is implemented in Java programming language. This thesis proposes two techniques to improve the radio resource allocation algorithm performance called "radio link condition diversification" and "interactive traffic class prioritization". The radio link condition diversification technique defines minimum radio link quality that allows the user to receive their packets. The interactive traffic class prioritization technique defines different priorities for WAP packets and for MMS packets. Both techniques give good results in increasing user's perception of services and increasing network efficiency. This thesis indicates also that the prioritization mechanism successfully improves the response time of the interactive service by up to 80% with a setting of priority for interactive traffic class and decreasing the performance of the background traffic. This decrease is within a range acceptable by the end-user and that the link conditions limit mechanism has an advantage in terms of resource utilization

Buffer management and cell switching management in wireless packet communications

The buffer management and the cell switching (e.g., packet handoff) management using buffer management scheme are studied in Wireless Packet Communications. First, a throughput improvement method for multi-class services is proposed in Wireless Packet System. Efficient traffic management schemes should be developed to provide seamless access to the wireless network. Specially, it is proposed to regulate the buffer by the Selective- Delay Push-In (SDPI) scheme, which is applicable to scheduling delay-tolerant non-real time traffic and delay-sensitive real time traffic. Simulation results show that the performance observed by real time traffics are improved as compared to existing buffer priority scheme in term of packet loss probability. Second, the performance of the proposed SDPI scheme is analyzed in a single CBR server. The arrival process is derived from the superposition of two types of traffics, each in turn results from the superposition of homogeneous ON-OFF sources that can be approximated by means of a two-state Markov Modulated Poisson Process (MMPP). The buffer mechanism enables the ATM layer to adapt the quality of the cell transfer to the QoS requirements and to improve the utilization of network resources. This is achieved by selective-delaying and pushing-in cells according to the class they belong to. Analytical expressions for various performance parameters and numerical results are obtained. Simulation results in term of cell loss probability conform with our numerical analysis. Finally, a novel cell-switching scheme based on TDMA protocol is proposed to support QoS guarantee for the downlink. The new packets and handoff packets for each type of traffic are defined and a new cutoff prioritization scheme is devised at the buffer of the base station. A procedure to find the optimal thresholds satisfying the QoS requirements is presented. Using the ON-OFF approximation for aggregate traffic, the packet loss probability and the average packet delay are computed. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by simulation and numerical analysis in terms of packet loss probability and average packet delay

Matkapuhelinverkkojen datasiirto ja siirtonopeuteen vaikuttavat tekijät

Tämä insinöörityö tehtiin Metropolia Ammattikorkeakoululle omana aiheena mielenkiinnosta matkapuhelinverkkojen datasiirtopalveluja kohtaan. Insinöörityön tavoitteena oli selvittää, millä eri tekijöillä on vaikutus tiedonsiirtonopeu-teen eri sukupolvien matkapuhelinverkoissa. Aluksi perehdyttiin matkapuhelinverkkojen datasiirtopalveluiden toteutukseen GSM/GPRS/EGPRS-, UMTS/HSPA- sekä LTE-verkoissa. Seuraavaksi selvitettiin tar-kemmin, mitkä eri tekijät ja parametrit vaikuttavat käyttäjän tiedonsiirtonopeuteen eri verkkotekniikoissa. Verkossa suoritetuilla mittauksilla pyrittiin selvittämään, mitkä parametriarvot ovat käytössä operaattoreiden verkoissa ja mikä on niiden vaikutus tiedonsiirtonopeuteen. Mittaustulosten analysoinnilla selvitettiin, miten teoreettiset ja mitatut arvot vastaavat toisiaan. Lisäksi verkossa suoritettiin nopeusmittauksia eri maantieteellisillä alueilla, jotta saatiin yleiskuva eri verkkotekniikoiden suorituskyvystä. Työn tuloksena saatiin kattava arvio mobiilidatasiirtoon vaikuttavista tekijöistä eri sukupolvien matkapuhelinverkoissa.The aim of this graduate study was to explain which different factors and parameters have an impact on data transfer speed of the mobile networks in each generation. At the beginning of the study there is a short survey of the data transfer services in GSM/GPRS/EGPRS, UMTS/HSPA and LTE networks. Next, different parameters that affect the data transfer speed in each network technology are explained in more detail. Several data transfer measurements were carried out for each network technology to resolve which parameters have been configured in operator networks, and what is their impact on the data transfer speed. the results were analyzed to explain how the theoretical and measured values correspond with each other. This study provides a comprehensive explanation to the factors and parameters that play an important role in mobile data transfer

3G migration in Pakistan

The telecommunication industry in Pakistan has come a long way since the country\u27s independence in 1947. The initial era could be fairly termed as the PTCL (Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited) monopoly, for it was the sole provider of all telecommunication services across the country. It was not until four decades later that the region embarked into the new world of wireless communication, hence ending the decades old PTCL monopoly. By the end of the late 1990\u27s, government support and international investment in the region opened new doors to innovation and better quality, low cost, healthy competition. Wireless licenses for the private sector in the telecommunication industry triggered a promising chain of events that resulted in a drastic change in the telecommunication infrastructure and service profile. The newly introduced wireless (GSM) technology received enormous support from all stakeholders (consumers, regulatory body, and market) and caused a vital boost in Pakistan\u27s economy. Numerous tangential elements had triggered this vital move in the history of telecommunications in Pakistan. Entrepreneurs intended to test the idea of global joint ventures in the East and hence the idea of international business became a reality. The technology had proven to be a great success in the West, while Pakistan\u27s telecom consumer had lived under the shadow of PTCL dominance for decades and needed more flexibility. At last the world was moving from wired to wireless! Analysts termed this move as the beginning of a new era. The investors, telecommunication businesses, and Pakistani treasury prospered. It was a win-win situation for all involved. The learning curve was steep for both operators and consumers but certainly improved over time. In essence, the principle of deploying the right technology in the right market at the right time led to this remarkable success. The industry today stands on the brink of a similar crossroads via transition from second generation to something beyond. With the partial success of 3G in Europe and the USA, the government has announced the release of three 3G licenses by mid 2009. This decision is not yet fully supported by all but still initiated parallel efforts by the operators and the vendors to integrate this next move into their existing infrastructure

EVEREST IST - 2002 - 00185 : D23 : final report

Deliverable públic del projecte europeu EVERESTThis deliverable constitutes the final report of the project IST-2002-001858 EVEREST. After its successful completion, the project presents this document that firstly summarizes the context, goal and the approach objective of the project. Then it presents a concise summary of the major goals and results, as well as highlights the most valuable lessons derived form the project work. A list of deliverables and publications is included in the annex.Postprint (published version

A Survey Report on Cellular Technology

Cellular technology is the foundation of mobile wireless communications and supports users in locations that are not easily served by wired networks. Cellular technology is the underlying technology for mobile telephones, personal communications systems, wireless Internet and wireless Web applications, and much more. This article looks at how cellular technology has evolved through four generations and is poised for a fifth generation

User interface of a GSM capacity optimisation tool

Kapasiteettivaatimukset moderneissa matkapuhelinverkoissa, kuten GSM/EDGE, kasvavat koko ajan johtuen lisääntyvästä datapalveluiden käytöstä. Näkyvyyden puute mahdollisissa kapasiteettiongelmissa eri BSS:n alueen pullonkauloissa, mukaan lukien Radio, Abis/EDAP, PCU ja Gb-rajapinnat, saattavat aiheuttaa ongelmia koko verkon suorituskyvylle. Keskitetty ratkaisu, jolla voidaan analysoida ja optimoida erilaisia verkon kapasiteettialueita perustuen verkon oikeisiin mittauksiin, lisäisi näkyvyyttä koko verkon yli tapahtuvassa kapasiteettianalyysissä. Koko verkkoa tutkittaessa pitää myös olla mahdollista syventää yksittäisen osa-alueen analyysia. Mittausten perusteella voidaan luoda sääntöjä, joilla helpotetaan ongelmien tunnistamista ja korjausta. Käyttäjän tarpeiden ja tavoitteiden ymmärtäminen ja hyväksyminen auttaa käyttäjävaatimusten luonnissa. Tässä diplomityössä on kuvattu käyttäjävaatimuksia GSM/EDGE-verkkojen kapasiteettianalyysiin liittyviin tarpeisiin Nokia Siemens Networksin OSS:ssä. Vaatimuksista voidaan koota tehtävänkuvauksia, jotka auttavat muuten huomaamatta jäävien käyttäjävaatimusten tunnistamisessa. Tämän diplomityön tärkein anti liittyy monimutkaisen kokoonpano- ja suorituskykytiedon visualisointiin. Tällaisen tiedon visualisointi vaatii useita eri esitystapoja. Looginen verkkorakenne vaatii puumaisen rakenteen, jolla voidaan kuvata verkkoelementtien välisiä riippuvuuksia. Tarvitaan myös tapa kuvata maantieteellinen informaatio ja mittausdata samassa näkymässä. Lisäksi tarvitaan keino visualisoida tarkempaa kokoonpano- ja suorituskykytietoa taulukkorakenteena tekstimuodossa. Nämä tarpeet ja toiminnallisuudet kumpuavat käyttäjän tarpeista eri kapasiteettianalyysin osa-alueilla. Erityisesti suunnittelussa on huomioitu eri näkymien välinen yhteistoiminta, jonka tulee tukea koko kapasiteettianalyysiä. Suunnittelussa on painotettu myös mahdollisia tulevaisuuden laajennuskohteita kuten runkoverkko, WCDMA, WiMax sekä muiden valmistajien verkkoratkaisut.The capacity requirements for modern mobile networks build on top of technology like GSM/EDGE are increasing as the usage of data services is growing. The lack of visibility of possible problems in bottlenecks in the BSS domain, including Radio, Abis/EDAP, PCU and Gb-interface, can cause degradation to the whole network capacity throughput. A centralised solution to analyse and optimise the different network domains through real network measurement would increase the visibility of the overall edge-to-edge chain of capacity network. From this edge-to-edge analysis, a drilldown further to the actual root cause is also needed. Based on the measurements particular rules can be created for each domain that can help in identifying and correcting the actual problems. Understanding and accepting the user goals and needs help in the creation of user requirements. In this thesis, the user requirements for GSM/EDGE capacity related needs for Nokia Siemens Networks OSS are described. The user requirements can be used to create workflows that can identify gaps related to individual user requirements. The main contribution of this thesis is to clarify issues related to visualisation of complex data associated to configuration and performance management of the network. This requires many different visualisation channels. Logical network structure requires a tree-like view to be able to visualise relationships between different network elements. A view to present geographical information and performance data related to the network elements on map is also needed. The last visualisation channel required needs to present configuration and performance attribute related information in a table like form. The needs and functions of all these views are derived from the user needs related to capacity analysis in different domains. The main emphasis of different views is in the inter-working functions to support the overall workflow of capacity optimisation. The expandability of the solution should also be stressed to allow future capacity network analysis domains like core network, WCDMA and WiMax and even other vendors besides Nokia Siemens Networks

Service Continuity in 3GPP Mobile Networks

The mobile wireless communication network or cellular network landscape is changing gradually from homogeneous to heterogeneous. Future generation networks are envisioned to be a combination of diverse but complimentary access technologies, like GPRS, WCDMA/HSPA, LTE and WLAN. These technologies came up due to the need to increase capacity in cellular networks and recently driven by the proliferation of smart devices which require a lot of bandwidth. The traditional mechanisms to increase capacity in cellular networks have been to upgrade the networks by, e.g. adding small cells solutions or introducing new radio access technologies to regions requiring lots of capacity, but this has not eradicated the problem entirely. The integration of heterogeneous networks poses some challenges such as allocating resources efficiently and enabling seamless handovers between heterogeneous technologies. One issue which has become apparent recently with the proliferation of different link layer technologies is how service providers can offer a consistent service across heterogeneous networks. Service continuity between different radio access technologies systems is identified as one key research item.  The knowledge of the service offering in current and future networks, and supporting interworking technologies is paramount to understand how service continuity will be realized across different radio access technologies. We investigate the handover procedure and performance in current deployed 3GPP heterogeneous mobile networks (2G, 3G and 4G networks). We perform measurements in the field and the lab and measure the handover latency for User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) applications. The results show that intersystem handover latencies in and across 2G and 3G radio access technologies are too long and have an impact on real time packet switched (PS) real-time services. We also investigate the current proposed interworking and handover schemes in 2G, 3G and 4G networks and present their limitations. We further highlight some open issues that still need to be addressed in order to improve handover performance and provide service continuity across heterogeneous mobile wireless networks such as selection of optimal radio access technology and adaptation of multimedia transmission over heterogeneous technologies. We present the enhancements required to enable service continuity and provide a better quality of user experience. 

Final report on the evaluation of RRM/CRRM algorithms

Deliverable public del projecte EVERESTThis deliverable provides a definition and a complete evaluation of the RRM/CRRM algorithms selected in D11 and D15, and evolved and refined on an iterative process. The evaluation will be carried out by means of simulations using the simulators provided at D07, and D14.Preprin