34,241 research outputs found
Properties of Nucleon Resonances by means of a Genetic Algorithm
We present an optimization scheme that employs a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to
determine the properties of low-lying nucleon excitations within a realistic
photo-pion production model based upon an effective Lagrangian. We show that
with this modern optimization technique it is possible to reliably assess the
parameters of the resonances and the associated error bars as well as to
identify weaknesses in the models. To illustrate the problems the optimization
process may encounter, we provide results obtained for the nucleon resonances
(1230) and (1700). The former can be easily isolated and thus
has been studied in depth, while the latter is not as well known
experimentally.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables. Minor correction
Phase effects in neutrino conversions during a supernova shock wave
Neutrinos escaping from a core collapse supernova a few seconds after bounce
pass through the shock wave, where they may encounter one or more resonances
corresponding to . The neutrino mass eigenstates in
matter may stay coherent between these multiple resonances, giving rise to
oscillations in the survival probabilities of neutrino species. We provide an
analytical approximation to these inevitable phase effects, that relates the
density profile of the shock wave to the oscillation pattern. The phase effects
are present only if the multiple resonances encountered by neutrinos are
semi-adiabatic, which typically happens for 10^{-5} \lsim \sin^2 \theta_{13}
\lsim 10^{-3}. The observability of these oscillations is severely limited by
the inability of the detectors to reconstruct the neutrino energy faithfully.
For typical shock wave profiles, the detection of these phase effects seems
rather unlikely. However, if the effects are indeed identified in the \nuebar
spectra, they would establish inverted hierarchy and a nonzero value of
.Comment: 10 pages, 9 eps figures. Major changes made. Final version to be
published in PR
Above Barrier Dirac Multiple Scattering and Resonances
We extend an above barrier analysis made with the Schrodinger equation to the
Dirac equation. We demonstrate the perfect agreement between the barrier
results and back to back steps. This implies the existence of multiple (indeed
infinite) reflected and transmitted wave packets. These packets may be well
separated in space or partially overlap. In the latter case interference
effects can occur. For the extreme case of total overlap we encounter
resonances. The conditions under which resonance phenomena can be observed is
discussed and illustrated by numerical calculations.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figur
Planar resonant periodic orbits in Kuiper belt dynamics
In the framework of the planar restricted three body problem we study a
considerable number of resonances associated to the Kuiper Belt dynamics and
located between 30 and 48 a.u. Our study is based on the computation of
resonant periodic orbits and their stability. Stable periodic orbits are
surrounded by regular librations in phase space and in such domains the capture
of trans-Neptunian object is possible. All the periodic orbits found are
symmetric and there is evidence for the existence of asymmetric ones only in
few cases. In the present work first, second and third order resonances are
under consideration. In the planar circular case we found that most of the
periodic orbits are stable. The families of periodic orbits are temporarily
interrupted by collisions but they continue up to relatively large values of
the Jacobi constant and highly eccentric regular motion exists for all cases.
In the elliptic problem and for a particular eccentricity value of the primary
bodies the periodic orbits are isolated. The corresponding families, where they
belong to, bifurcate from specific periodic orbits of the circular problem and
seem to continue up to the rectilinear problem. Both stable and unstable orbits
are obtained for each case. In the elliptic problem the unstable orbits found
are associated with narrow chaotic domains in phase space. The evolution of the
orbits, which are located in such chaotic domains, seems to be practically
regular and bounded for long time intervals.Comment: preprint, 20 pages, 10 figure
Chaotic diffusion of the Vesta family induced by close encounters with massive asteroids
We numerically estimate the semi-major axis chaotic diffusion of the Vesta
family asteroids induced by close encounters with 11 massive main belt
asteroids : (1) Ceres, (2) Pallas, (3) Juno, (4) Vesta, (7) Iris, (10) Hygiea,
(15) Eunomia, (19) Fortuna, (324) Bamberga, (532) Herculina, (704) Interamnia.
We find that most of the diffusion is due to Ceres and Vesta. By extrapolating
our results, we are able to constrain the global effect of close encounters
with all the main belt asteroids. A comparison of this drift estimate with the
one expected for the Yarkovsky effect shows that for asteroids whose diameter
is larger than about 40 km, close encounters dominate the Yarkovsky effect.
Overall, our findings confirm the standard scenario for the history of the
Vesta family.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, 1 Table, submitte
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