Speech and Impression : A Study of Recognition of Emotion by Japanese, Chinese and English

論文Article

APPLICATION OF PERFORMATIVE CONCEPT ON ENGLISH LEGAL DOCUMENTS: A STUDY OF PRAGMATICS

The legal documents contain statements binding between several parties involved in the issues listed in the document. Prenuptial agreement, power of attorney to a case, insurance payments, inheritance issues are commonly discussed in terms of a legal document. In linguistics, there is a terminology known by performative utterances. Performative concept is one example of application of language use through legal documents as a media. The concept is mentioned by Austin (1962:6). The naming comes from the verb 'perform' or refers to the noun 'action', it is said that the word refers to a speech that shows the performance or action. Performative utterance , or sometimes just simply mentioned ‘performative’ has characters : first person singular subject and followed performative verbs in active present form (1962:5).Performative cannot be regarded as right or wrong statements, but it refers to appropriate or inappropriate, legitimate or illegitimate contents of statements. Performative utterances can be explicit and implicit. Implicit performative is performative utterances with performative verbs but they are not explicitly stated. On implicit performative, conversational context greatly affects assuming the performative verb that appears. This research will try to explain the form of performative and pragmatic mechanism on the legal documents. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive and this research is expected to contribute in application of linguistics, especially pragmatics

A Survey of Quantum-Cognitively Inspired Sentiment Analysis Models

Quantum theory, originally proposed as a physical theory to describe the motions of microscopic particles, has been applied to various non-physics domains involving human cognition and decision-making that are inherently uncertain and exhibit certain non-classical, quantum-like characteristics. Sentiment analysis is a typical example of such domains. In the last few years, by leveraging the modeling power of quantum probability (a non-classical probability stemming from quantum mechanics methodology) and deep neural networks, a range of novel quantum-cognitively inspired models for sentiment analysis have emerged and performed well. This survey presents a timely overview of the latest developments in this fascinating cross-disciplinary area. We first provide a background of quantum probability and quantum cognition at a theoretical level, analyzing their advantages over classical theories in modeling the cognitive aspects of sentiment analysis. Then, recent quantum-cognitively inspired models are introduced and discussed in detail, focusing on how they approach the key challenges of the sentiment analysis task. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the current research and highlight future research directions

Emotion Analysis and Dialogue Breakdown Detection in Dialogue of Chat Systems Based on Deep Neural Networks

In dialogues between robots or computers and humans, dialogue breakdown analysis is an important tool for achieving better chat dialogues. Conventional dialogue breakdown detection methods focus on semantic variance. Although these methods can detect dialogue breakdowns based on semantic gaps, they cannot always detect emotional breakdowns in dialogues. In chat dialogue systems, emotions are sometimes included in the utterances of the system when responding to the speaker. In this study, we detect emotions from utterances, analyze emotional changes, and use them as the dialogue breakdown feature. The proposed method estimates emotions by utterance unit and generates features by calculating the similarity of the emotions of the utterance and the emotions that have appeared in prior utterances. We employ deep neural networks using sentence distributed representation vectors as the feature. In an evaluation of experimental results, the proposed method achieved a higher dialogue breakdown detection rate when compared to the method using a sentence distributed representation vectors

Modal Markers in Japanese: A Study of Learners’ Use before and after Study Abroad

Japanese discourse requires speakers to index, in a relatively explicit manner, their stance toward the propositional information as well as the hearer. This is done, among other things, by means of a grammaticalized set of modal markers. Although previous research suggests that the use of modal expressions by second language learners differs from that of native users, little is known about “typical” native or non-native behavior. This study aims (a) to delineate native and non-native usage by a quantitative examination of a broad range of Japanese modal categories, and qualitative analyses of a subset of potentially problematic categories among them, and (b) to identify possible developmental trajectories, by means of a longitudinal observation of learners’ verbal production before and after study abroad in Japan. We find that modal categories realized by non- transparent or non-salient markers (e.g., explanatory modality no da, or utterance modality sentence-final particles) pose particular challenges in spite of their relatively high availability in the input, and we discuss this finding in terms of processing constraints that arguably affect learners’ acquisition of the grammaticalized modal markers

PRESUPPOSITION ANALYSIS OF THE QUESTION IN MATA NAJWA “POLITIK SELEBRITI” EPISODE

Television program has been the media not only for giving new information but also molding up the society’s perception. Moreover in the talk show program, the sharing information is not only done among the conversant but also the audience or the society who watch it. In communication, every stakeholder, whether they are the interviewer, interviewee or the hearer, takes some facts for granted for the efficiency of the communication. This is what is known as the presupposed information. This paper aims to figure out the presuppositions raised in the question in Mata Najwa “Politik Selebriti” episode and see how the responses of the hearer by understanding the presupposition in the given question. I downloaded the source of the data through www.youtube.com and scripted the conversation into the text. The result shows that there are three kinds of presupposition in the question given; existential, structural and factive. It also shows that the hearers understand the presupposition indicated by their responses toward the question. The hearers’ responses are not merely giving the answer of the explicit question but also recognizing the implicit question