Effect of different standing poses on whole body volume acquisition by three-dimensional photonic scanning

The present study compared whole body volumes obtained by three-dimensional (3D) photonic scanning of two different poses and discussed its effect on body composition estimation. Pose A with large angles of shoulder abduction and feet separated and Pose B with shoulders abducted slightly, the elbows extended and heels together. 16 male and 13 female participants were scanned twice in each pose using a 3D scanner. The mean of whole body volume and the mean of body composition obtained with Pose B was corrected by a regression equation and compared with the results obtained from Pose A. After correction, the whole body volumes acquired with these two poses were similar [limit of agreement = (-0.71 l,0.71 l)] but the body compositions obtained with Pose A and Pose B were different [limit of agreement = (-4.4%, 4.4%)]. The results indicated that scanning using either pose gives reliable estimations for whole body volume and body composition. The whole body volume obtained from different poses can be adjusted using the regression equation but small volumetric differences translate into much more substantial differences in body fat percentage. Hence, it is recommended to use the same scanning pose consistently when monitoring individuals longitudinally

Visual Closed-Loop Control for Pouring Liquids

Pouring a specific amount of liquid is a challenging task. In this paper we develop methods for robots to use visual feedback to perform closed-loop control for pouring liquids. We propose both a model-based and a model-free method utilizing deep learning for estimating the volume of liquid in a container. Our results show that the model-free method is better able to estimate the volume. We combine this with a simple PID controller to pour specific amounts of liquid, and show that the robot is able to achieve an average 38ml deviation from the target amount. To our knowledge, this is the first use of raw visual feedback to pour liquids in robotics.Comment: To appear at ICRA 201

Computational Methods for Shape Manipulation in generation : a literature review

In this paper we will present a state of the art of the descriptive and generative models for shape. We will present several different approaches for the manipulation of shape in computational systems: numerical models, graph models, descriptive models. This investigation will lead to a discussion regarding the use of these models for supporting the generation of shapes in the early phases of the design process.ANR GENIUS (TECHLOG-07-010

Three-dimensional shape descriptors and matching procedures

Shape descriptors are used to identify objects in the same way that human fingerprints are used to identify people. Features of an object are extracted by applying functions to the digital representation of the object. These features are structured as a vector which is known as the shape descriptor (feature vector) of that object. The objective when constructing a shape descriptor is to find functions that will yield shape descriptors that can be used to uniquely identify or at least classify an object. A measure of similarity is required to identify or classify an object. The similarity between two objects is computed by applying a distance function to the shape descriptors of the two objects. The objective of this paper is to examine two of the possible techniques in three-dimensional shape descriptor construction based on Fourier analysis, and to find a descriptor that is able to not only classify, but also identify objects

A novel 3D imaging system for strawberry phenotyping

Accurate and quantitative phenotypic data in plant breeding programmes is vital in breeding to assess the performance of genotypes and to make selections. Traditional strawberry phenotyping relies on the human eye to assess most external fruit quality attributes, which is time-consuming and subjective. 3D imaging is a promising high-throughput technique that allows multiple external fruit quality attributes to be measured simultaneously. A low cost multi-view stereo (MVS) imaging system was developed, which captured data from 360° around a target strawberry fruit. A 3D point cloud of the sample was derived and analysed with custom-developed software to estimate berry height, length, width, volume, calyx size, colour and achene number. Analysis of these traits in 100 fruits showed good concordance with manual assessment methods. This study demonstrates the feasibility of an MVS based 3D imaging system for the rapid and quantitative phenotyping of seven agronomically important external strawberry traits. With further improvement, this method could be applied in strawberry breeding programmes as a cost effective phenotyping technique

АНАЛИЗ ФОРМЫ ТРЕХМЕРНЫХ ОРИЕНТАЦИОННЫХ ГИСТОГРАММ ТОМОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ СТРУКТУР ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА

Рассматриваются различные методы описания, сравнительного анализа и классификации формы трехмерных ориентационных гистограмм, используемых для характеризации анизотропных свойств томографических изображений белого вещества головного мозга. Ориентационные гистограммы представляют собой подкласс трехмерных объектов, характеризующийся регулярным и заранее фиксированным разбиением их поверхностей