3,789 research outputs found
Comprehending Kademlia Routing - A Theoretical Framework for the Hop Count Distribution
The family of Kademlia-type systems represents the most efficient and most
widely deployed class of internet-scale distributed systems. Its success has
caused plenty of large scale measurements and simulation studies, and several
improvements have been introduced. Its character of parallel and
non-deterministic lookups, however, so far has prevented any concise formal
analysis. This paper introduces the first comprehensive formal model of the
routing of the entire family of systems that is validated against previous
measurements. It sheds light on the overall hop distribution and lookup delays
of the different variations of the original protocol. It additionally shows
that several of the recent improvements to the protocol in fact have been
counter-productive and identifies preferable designs with regard to routing
overhead and resilience.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
Task-based adaptive multiresolution for time-space multi-scale reaction-diffusion systems on multi-core architectures
A new solver featuring time-space adaptation and error control has been
recently introduced to tackle the numerical solution of stiff
reaction-diffusion systems. Based on operator splitting, finite volume adaptive
multiresolution and high order time integrators with specific stability
properties for each operator, this strategy yields high computational
efficiency for large multidimensional computations on standard architectures
such as powerful workstations. However, the data structure of the original
implementation, based on trees of pointers, provides limited opportunities for
efficiency enhancements, while posing serious challenges in terms of parallel
programming and load balancing. The present contribution proposes a new
implementation of the whole set of numerical methods including Radau5 and
ROCK4, relying on a fully different data structure together with the use of a
specific library, TBB, for shared-memory, task-based parallelism with
work-stealing. The performance of our implementation is assessed in a series of
test-cases of increasing difficulty in two and three dimensions on multi-core
and many-core architectures, demonstrating high scalability
A Location-Aware Middleware Framework for Collaborative Visual Information Discovery and Retrieval
This work addresses the problem of scalable location-aware distributed indexing to enable the leveraging of collaborative effort for the construction and maintenance of world-scale visual maps and models which could support numerous activities including navigation, visual localization, persistent surveillance, structure from motion, and hazard or disaster detection. Current distributed approaches to mapping and modeling fail to incorporate global geospatial addressing and are limited in their functionality to customize search. Our solution is a peer-to-peer middleware framework based on XOR distance routing which employs a Hilbert Space curve addressing scheme in a novel distributed geographic index. This allows for a universal addressing scheme supporting publish and search in dynamic environments while ensuring global availability of the model and scalability with respect to geographic size and number of users. The framework is evaluated using large-scale network simulations and a search application that supports visual navigation in real-world experiments
Unscented Orientation Estimation Based on the Bingham Distribution
Orientation estimation for 3D objects is a common problem that is usually
tackled with traditional nonlinear filtering techniques such as the extended
Kalman filter (EKF) or the unscented Kalman filter (UKF). Most of these
techniques assume Gaussian distributions to account for system noise and
uncertain measurements. This distributional assumption does not consider the
periodic nature of pose and orientation uncertainty. We propose a filter that
considers the periodicity of the orientation estimation problem in its
distributional assumption. This is achieved by making use of the Bingham
distribution, which is defined on the hypersphere and thus inherently more
suitable to periodic problems. Furthermore, handling of non-trivial system
functions is done using deterministic sampling in an efficient way. A
deterministic sampling scheme reminiscent of the UKF is proposed for the
nonlinear manifold of orientations. It is the first deterministic sampling
scheme that truly reflects the nonlinear manifold of the orientation
How to Efficiently Handle Complex Values? Implementing Decision Diagrams for Quantum Computing
Quantum computing promises substantial speedups by exploiting quantum
mechanical phenomena such as superposition and entanglement. Corresponding
design methods require efficient means of representation and manipulation of
quantum functionality. In the classical domain, decision diagrams have been
successfully employed as a powerful alternative to straightforward means such
as truth tables. This motivated extensive research on whether decision diagrams
provide similar potential in the quantum domain -- resulting in new types of
decision diagrams capable of substantially reducing the complexity of
representing quantum states and functionality. From an implementation
perspective, many concepts and techniques from the classical domain can be
re-used in order to implement decision diagrams packages for the quantum realm.
However, new problems -- namely how to efficiently handle complex numbers --
arise. In this work, we propose a solution to overcome these problems.
Experimental evaluations confirm that this yields improvements of orders of
magnitude in the runtime needed to create and to utilize these decision
diagrams. The resulting implementation is publicly available as a quantum DD
package at http://iic.jku.at/eda/research/quantum_dd
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