Development of a dc-ac power conditioner for wind generator by using neural network

This project present of development single phase DC-AC converter for wind generator application. The mathematical model of the wind generator and Artificial Neural Network control for DC-AC converter is derived. The controller is designed to stabilize the output voltage of DC-AC converter. To verify the effectiveness of the proposal controller, both simulation and experimental are developed. The simulation and experimental result show that the amplitude of output voltage of the DC-AC converter can be controlled

Performance of MB-OFDM ultra-wideband signals over fiber transmission using a low cost electro-absorption modulator integrated laser

The performance of multi-band (MB) orthogonal division frequency multiplexing (OFDM) ultra-wideband (UWB) over fiber transmission using a low cost electro-absorption modulator integrated laser (EML) is investigated in details. Various parameters such as fiber length, bias voltage, bias current and temperature of the EML are systematically evaluated to illustrate the effects on the performance of this Radio over Fiber (RoF) system. It is found that for the considered EML, the optimum normalized input (modulation) power is {598}0.068 at bias voltage of 0.26 V. When modulation voltage is low the performance is mainly limited by signal to noise ratio, but mainly limited by EML response nonlinearities when modulation power is high. Theoretical analysis of the effect of fiber dispersion and EML response nonlinearities on system performance is carried out considering amplitude and phase distortion. Experiments are conducted and verified by our theoretical analysis, and good agreement between the experiments is obtained. The effect of fiber chromatic dispersion induced laser phase to intensity noise conversion or relative intensity noise (RIN) on performance is investigated in terms of laser intrinsic RIN, laser linewidth, fiber dispersion and carrier frequency. The effect of nonlinearities of the EML on the OFDM subcarriers for MB-OFDM UWB over fiber system is investigated in terms of the intermodulation distortion (IMD) products. In addition, adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) is also analyzed and calculated in order to abide with ECMA standard and have less interference to coexisting channels

Μεταφορά και Διαχείριση Ευρυζωνικής Κίνησης σε Ασύρματα Τηλεπικοινωνιακά Δίκτυα

Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διατριβής αποτελεί η μελέτη των τεχνικών διαχείρισης πόρων σε ασύρματα ευρυζωνικά δίκτυα επικοινωνιών με στόχο την βελτιστοποίηση της φασματικής απόδοσης καθώς και η μελέτη εναλλακτικών τεχνολογιών μεταφοράς ασύρματης ευρυζωνικής κίνησης. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο γίνεται μια σύντομη επισκόπηση των ευρυζωνικών δικτύων ασύρματης πρόσβασης καθώς και των χαρακτηριστικών τους. Στη συνέχεια αναφέρονται συνοπτικά τα σημαντικότερα θέματα που αφορούν τις τεχνικές της διαχείρισης πόρων σε τέτοιου είδους δίκτυα. Τέλος παρουσιάζονται οι επικρατέστερες εναλλακτικές τεχνολογίες που έχουν προταθεί για την μεταφορά ασύρματης ευρυζωνικής κίνησης. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο περιγράφεται το μοντέλου ενός τυπικού ασύρματου ευρυζωνικού δικτύου και γίνεται μια εκτενής ανασκόπηση των επικρατέστερων τεχνικών διαχείρισης πόρων που έχουν προταθεί στην διεθνή βιβλιογραφία. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάζονται αναλυτικά οι προτεινόμενες τεχνικές διαχείρισης πόρων καθώς και τα συγκριτικά αποτελέσματα της προσομοίωσης των μεθόδων αυτών σε σχέση με την αποδοτικότερη από τις υπάρχουσες τεχνικές. Τέλος συνοψίζονται τα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν από την εφαρμογή των προταθέντων τεχνικών. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο αρχικά παρουσιάζεται αναλυτικά το μοντέλο ενός συστήματος μεταφοράς ασύρματης ευρυζωνικής κίνησης μέσω επίγειας ασύρματης οπτικής ζεύξης. Στη συνέχεια μελετάται και αξιολογείται η απόδοση του εν λόγω συστήματος, χρησιμοποιώντας ως μετρικές την μέση πιθανότητα διακοπής καθώς και τη μέση πιθανότητα σφάλματος οι οποίες υπολογίζονται σε κλειστή μορφή. Τέλος παρουσιάζονται τα αριθμητικά αποτελέσματα της προσομοίωσης και παρατίθενται τα σχετικά συμπεράσματα. Στα πλαίσια του τέταρτου κεφαλαίου γίνεται η παρουσίαση της προτεινόμενης αρχιτεκτονικής ενός πολύ-αλματικού δικτύου εναέριων πλατφορμών μεγάλου ύψους οι οποίες διασυνδέονται με ασύρματη οπτική ζεύξη, με σκοπό την μεταφορά ασύρματης ευρυζωνικής κίνησης σε μεγάλες αποστάσεις. Εξετάζεται τόσο το σενάριο τους ενός όσο και το σενάριο των πολλών αλμάτων, και μελετάται η απόδοση ενός τέτοιου συστήματος όσον αφορά την μέση πιθανότητα διακοπής στον τελικό χρήστη. Στο τέλος του κεφαλαίου παρατίθενται τα αριθμητικά αποτελέσματα της προσομοίωσης καθώς και τα σχετικά συμπεράσματα. Τέλος, στο κεφάλαιο 5 συνοψίζονται τα σημαντικότερα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν από την παρούσα διατριβή και γίνονται υποδείξεις για περαιτέρω έρευνα.The present thesis aims to study resource allocation techniques in fixed broadband wireless networks in order to optimize their spectral efficiency as well as to investigate alternative broadband transfer methods. The first chapter gives a brief overview of broadband wireless access networks with their characteristics. The fundamental resource management techniques proposed in the open technical literature are also referred. Finally, the prevailing broadband transfer technologies are presented. The second chapter describes a typical wireless broadband network model and provides a comprehensive review of the key resource management techniques proposed in the literature. Then, the proposed resource management techniques are presented and compared using proper simulation results. Finally, conclusions are summarized. In the third chapter, the analytical model of a wireless broadband traffic model over a terrestrial wireless optical link is analyzed. Its performance is extracted using analytical expressions of the average outage probability and the average error probability metrics. Appropriate simulation results are depicted as well. In the fourth chapter, a network architecture comprising of several high amplitude platforms communicating with each other using optical links, is introduced in order to transfer broadband traffic over long distances. The outage probability performance is examined using either one-hop or multi-hop scenarios and suitable numerical results are provided. Finally, in chapter 5, concluding remarks are summarized and suggestions for further research are indicated

Nonlinear effects in OFDM signal transmission over radio over fibre links

The dynamic range limitations that arise from nonlinearity in low-cost and low complexity directly modulated radio over fibre (RoF) links are examined. Statistical non linear models are presented and applied to the case of a RoF link with a low biased laser diode. The effects of distortion on the Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) performance of Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signals with different numbers of subcarriers and the connection to the Peak-ta-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of the signals are investigated. Statistical distributions of the EVM over a large number of transmitted OFDM frames are gained from experimental measurements and analyses of idealized processes. The measurement results show that as the number of subcarriers is reduced the distribution means are not dependent in the expected way on the statistical PAPR of the transmitted OFDM signals. Instead, it is shown that in regions of moderate distortion the median of the EVM is more closely related to the statistical PAPR and to the required back-off for signals with different numbers of subcarriers. Through the employed statistical analysis, the asymptotic convergence of the EVM result to that expected in the idealized case is observed. The results of this analysis also show, how, including the EVM variance in estimations for back-off might be useful, how, in a measurement, the number of transmitted OFDM frames affects the estimated mean EVM. Differing EVM results for subcarriers at the edge and middle of the signal band show that distortion affects the subcarriers at the middle of the band to a stronger degree and that their behaviour is correlated "to the statistical PAPR of the individual signals. Then, a laser model validated against measured performance is designed arid used for simulating the performance of a subcarrier multiplexed 4th generation mobile/wireless RoF transmission system. Predictions indicate that the architecture provides adequate performance in terms of EVM, for different IFFT sizes and modulation levels of up to 256 QAM (at leastL and a combined raw data rate of up to 3.2 Gbps. Based on a 1.5% EVM transmitter requirement with 256 QAM, a system dynamic range of approximately 5.1 dB is predicted. Finally, the use of companding in a directly modulated RaF link, with the aim of reducing the amplification (and isolation) requirements in the remote antenna unit, is demonstrated, quantified through EVM measurements. The resulting improvements in output power are approximately 4.7 dB at an EVM transmitter requirement of 5.6 %, while in terms of the point of onset of distortion-induced EVM increase, the improvement is approximately 7.6 dB

Doped fiber external cavity laser for radio over fiber applications

Laser sources -- The rare earth doped fiber -- Narrow line width and stability of DFECL -- Tuning characteristic of the DFECL -- DFECL for ROF applications -- Fully doped fiber DFECLs