Final report on the evaluation of RRM/CRRM algorithms

Deliverable public del projecte EVERESTThis deliverable provides a definition and a complete evaluation of the RRM/CRRM algorithms selected in D11 and D15, and evolved and refined on an iterative process. The evaluation will be carried out by means of simulations using the simulators provided at D07, and D14.Preprin

Estudio y optimización de los procedimientos de adaptación al enlace en HSDPA

[ES] La tecnología HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) es una evolución de UMTS creada con el objetivo de aumentar la capacidad de transmisión en el enlace descendente. Su mejora se basa en la utilización de un canal compartido de comunicación gestionado de forma eficiente desde la estación base (por medio de un packet scheduler), la utilización de mecanismos de retransmisión y combinación de información avanzados (hybrid ARQ) y la posibilidad de emplear modulaciones de alto orden (16QAM y 64QAM). Las dos últimas características nombradas serían inútiles sin unos buenos procedimientos de adaptación al enlace (link adaptation) que ajustaran los parámetros de transmisión a la calidad del enlace radio. La presente tesina aborda el estudio y optimización de los mecanismos de link adaptation en HSDPA. Para tratar el problema se siguen dos estrategias. Por un lado, se estudia un link adaptation genérico con el fin de obtener conclusiones fácilmente trasladables a sistemas particulares como HSDPA. Por otro lado, se aportan soluciones a problemas específicos de HSDPA como los fallos del link adaptation con baja carga.[EN] HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) technology is an evolved version of UMTS focused on the improvement of the downlink capacity. HSDPA enhancement is based on the efficient management of a shared channel done by the Node-B (employing a packet scheduler), the using of advanced retransmission and combination mechanisms (hybrid ARQ) and the availability of high order modulations (16QAM and 64QAM). The later characteristics would be worthless without good link adaptation procedures that adjust transmission parameters according to the radiolink quality. This thesis deals with the study and optimization of link adaptation mechanisms in HSDPA. Two strategies are followed herein. First, a generic link adaptation is studied with the aim of reaching some general conclusions and applying them to real systems as HSDPA. Besides, a more detailed study is done for HSDPA finding solutions for some specific problems as link adaptation failures with low loadMartín-Sacristán Gandía, D. (2007). Estudio y optimización de los procedimientos de adaptación al enlace en HSDPA. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/12494Archivo delegad

Common Radio Resource Management Strategies for Quality of Service Support in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

Hoy en día existen varias tecnologías que coexisten en una misma zona formando un sistema heterogéneo. Además, este hecho se espera que se vuelva más acentuado con todas las nuevas tecnologías que se están estandarizando actualmente. Hasta ahora, generalmente son los usuarios los que eligen la tecnología a la que se van a conectar, ya sea configurando sus terminales o usando terminales distintos. Sin embargo, esta solución es incapaz de aprovechar al máximo todos los recursos. Para ello es necesario un nuevo conjunto de estrategias. Estas estrategias deben gestionar los recursos radioeléctricos conjuntamente y asegurar la satisfacción de la calidad de servicio de los usuarios. Siguiendo esta idea, esta Tesis propone dos nuevos algoritmos. El primero es un algoritmo de asignación dinámica de recusos conjunto (JDRA) capaz de asignar recursos a usuarios y de distribuir usuarios entre tecnologías al mismo tiempo. El algoritmo está formulado en términos de un problema de optimización multi-objetivo que se resuelve usando redes neuronales de Hopfield (HNNs). Las HNNs son interesantes ya que se supone que pueden alcanzar soluciones sub-óptimas en cortos periodos de tiempo. Sin embargo, implementaciones reales de las HNNs en ordenadores pierden esta rápida respuesta. Por ello, en esta Tesis se analizan las causas y se estudian posibles mejoras. El segundo algoritmo es un algoritmo de control de admisión conjunto (JCAC) que admite y rechaza usuarios teniendo en cuenta todas las tecnologías al mismo tiempo. La principal diferencia con otros algorimos propuestos es que éstos últimos toman las dicisiones de admisión en cada tecnología por separado. Por ello, se necesita de algún mecanismo para seleccionar la tecnología a la que los usuarios se van a conectar. Por el contrario, la técnica propuesta en esta Tesis es capaz de tomar decisiones en todo el sistema heterogéneo. Por lo tanto, los usuarios no se enlazan con ninguna tecnología antes de ser admitidos.Calabuig Soler, D. (2010). Common Radio Resource Management Strategies for Quality of Service Support in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/7348Palanci

A General Framework for Analyzing, Characterizing, and Implementing Spectrally Modulated, Spectrally Encoded Signals

Fourth generation (4G) communications will support many capabilities while providing universal, high speed access. One potential enabler for these capabilities is software defined radio (SDR). When controlled by cognitive radio (CR) principles, the required waveform diversity is achieved via a synergistic union called CR-based SDR. Research is rapidly progressing in SDR hardware and software venues, but current CR-based SDR research lacks the theoretical foundation and analytic framework to permit efficient implementation. This limitation is addressed here by introducing a general framework for analyzing, characterizing, and implementing spectrally modulated, spectrally encoded (SMSE) signals within CR-based SDR architectures. Given orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a 4G candidate signal, OFDM-based signals are collectively classified as SMSE since modulation and encoding are spectrally applied. The proposed framework provides analytic commonality and unification of SMSE signals. Applicability is first shown for candidate 4G signals, and resultant analytic expressions agree with published results. Implementability is then demonstrated in multiple coexistence scenarios via modeling and simulation to reinforce practical utility

Application priority framework for fixed mobile converged communication networks

This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.The current prospects in wired and wireless access networks, it is becoming increasingly important to address potential convergence in order to offer integrated broadband services. These systems will need to offer higher data transmission capacities and long battery life, which is the catalyst for an everincreasing variety of air interface technologies targeting local area to wide area connectivity. Current integrated industrial networks do not offer application aware context delivery and enhanced services for optimised networks. Application aware services provide value-added functionality to business applications by capturing, integrating, and consolidating intelligence about users and their endpoint devices from various points in the network. This thesis mainly intends to resolve the issues related to ubiquitous application aware service, fair allocation of radio access, reduced energy consumption and improved capacity. A technique that measures and evaluates the data rate demand to reduce application response time and queuing delay for multi radio interfaces is proposed. The technique overcomes the challenges of network integration, requiring no user intervention, saving battery life and selecting the radio access connection for the application requested by the end user. This study is split in two parts. The first contribution identifies some constraints of the services towards the application layer in terms of e.g. data rate and signal strength. The objectives are achieved by application controlled handover (ACH) mechanism in order to maintain acceptable data rate for real-time application services. It also looks into the impact of the radio link on the application and identifies elements and parameters like wireless link quality and handover that will influence the application type. It also identifies some enhanced traditional mechanisms such as distance controlled multihop and mesh topology required in order to support energy efficient multimedia applications. The second contribution unfolds an intelligent application priority assignment mechanism (IAPAM) for medical applications using wireless sensor networks. IAPAM proposes and evaluates a technique based on prioritising multiple virtual queues for the critical nature of medical data to improve instant transmission. Various mobility patterns (directed, controlled and random waypoint) has been investigated and compared by simulating IAPAM enabled mobile BWSN. The following topics have been studied, modelled, simulated and discussed in this thesis: 1. Application Controlled Handover (ACH) for multi radios over fibre 2. Power Controlled Scheme for mesh multi radios over fibre using ACH 3. IAPAM for Biomedical Wireless Sensor Networks (BWSN) and impact of mobility over IAPAM enabled BWSN. Extensive simulation studies are performed to analyze and to evaluate the proposed techniques. Simulation results demonstrate significant improvements in multi radios over fibre performance in terms of application response delay and power consumption by upto 75% and 15 % respectively, reduction in traffic loss by upto 53% and reduction in delay for real time application by more than 25% in some cases

Macro Diversity Combining Optimization in HSPA flat architecture

This thesis, Macro Diversity Combining Optimization in High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) flat architecture, concentrates on analyzing implementation alternatives of Marco Diversity Combining (MDC) in fiat architecture. When centralized elements, like Radio Network Controller (RNC), are removed from the architecture, centralized functionalities need to be implemented differently. One of the most important centralized functionality is Macro Diversity Combining which collects traffic from multiple base stations and improves radio performance like bit rate and coverage area. When this functionality is implemented inside base station traffic needs to be sent between base stations. Traffic between base stations creates new requirements for transport network and potentially also increases operator transport cost. In short, if MDC is fully implemented, traffic between base stations is maximized and opposite, if MDC is left out, radio performance is reduced. The thesis starts with the overview introduction of Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) network. Here we discuss the architecture of the UMTS packets switched network, and the main functionalities of the Radio Resource Management (RRM): power control and handover control. A deeper look is taken into evolution of 3GPP packet access namely High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and High Speed Uplink Data Access (HSUPA) plus the relevant HSDPA cell change and HSUPA handovers are covered. A short glance is also taken into the gains introduced by MDC. In this thesis four proposals presented in 3GPP to improve the MDC with regards to utilization of transport network, implementation complexity, radio performance, latency and amount of additions to existing 3GPP specifications are evaluated. Finally, an implementation alternative for MDC optimization in flat architecture is presented based on the proposals in 3GPP

Soluções de broadcast para redes 4G

Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e de TelecomunicaçõesA primeira difusão de conteúdos video e audio teve um forte impacto no quotidiano da população que assistiu a uma revolução nos modelos de transmissão de informação e de entretenimento. A evolução desde então foi significativa, e já na era digital, encontramo-nos face a uma nova sub-elevação da metodologia e do conceito subjacentes à transmissão de conteudos multimédia. O mundo actual apresenta, contudo, diferentes requisitos, de entre os quais se destacam a procura pela alta definição e mobilidade. A mobilidade tem sido um particular foco de atenção por parte dos operadores que exploram agora modelos para entregar uma vasta gama de serviços que sejam atractivos para os utilizadores. Esta dissertação apresenta um sumário das tecnologias emergentes de broadcast que se distinguem nas várias partes do mundo com a sua particular incidência geográfica, características e cenários de aplicação. É ainda apresentada uma arquitectura 4G abordando assuntos inerentes à mobilidade e qualidade de serviço com particular incidência nos aspectos relacionados com a integração de uma tecnologia de broadcast particular. Para avaliação da arquitectura proposta foram efectuados estudos com base num equipamento de broadcast na sua versão comercial, permitindo desta forma obter uma análise que ilustra o que os operadores podem esperar do estado actual dos dispositivos. Os resultados permitiram retirar ilações sobre o comportamento de um equipamento considerado como um produto final a disponibilizar aos operadores, quando integrado num ambiente 4G com suporte de mobilidade e QoS. Nomeadamente é discutida a sua aplicabildiade tendo em linha de conta as desvantagens introduzidas pelas características inerentes à própria tecnologia.Broadcast of video and audio through analogical television completely changed the paradigm of information and entertainment divulgation. Today, in the “digital era”, the Analogue Switch Off revolution is being held. Manufacturers and operators already show concerns regarding the support of mobility, quality of experience and of service. Delivering competitive High Definition contents and providing solutions for the average “on-the-move” user are two of the most important issues to be dealt by the service providers, which are also within the analysis scope of this work. This dissertation presents an overview on the most relevant broadcast technologies which are assumed to be of relative acceptance in their respective target market. It presents their main characteristics and applicability. 4G architectural concepts are also analyzed, closely dealing with mobility and quality of service provisioning, with particular focus on the seamless integration of broadcast technologies. As a mean to evaluate the feasibility of integrating broadcast technologies with 4G architectures, a performance evaluation study was performed using commercial equipment. In this way a several set of considerations constructed illustrating the features and functionalities which operators can expect or disregard from professional commercial broadcasting devices. Results allow the withdrawing of conclusions concerning the integration of a final broadcasting solution when incorporated within a 4G environment with QoS and mobility support. Its applicability is evaluated having in mind the performance drawbacks introduced by the specific technology, and generalized towards the gathering of more general conclusions which consider the main characteristics of the commercial broadcasting devices