18,751 research outputs found
Unsupervised level set parameterization using multi-scale filtering
This paper presents a novel framework for unsupervised level set parameterization using multi-scale filtering. A standard multi-scale, directional filtering algorithm is used in order to capture the orientation coherence in edge regions. The latter is encoded in entropy-based image `heatmaps', which are able to weight forces guiding level set evolution. Experiments are conducted on two large benchmark databases as well as on real proteomics images. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework is capable of accelerating contour convergence, whereas it obtains a segmentation quality comparable to the one obtained with empirically optimized parameterization
A general framework to construct schemes satisfying additional conservation relations. Application to entropy conservative and entropy dissipative schemes
We are interested in the approximation of a steady hyperbolic problem. In
some cases, the solution can satisfy an additional conservation relation, at
least when it is smooth. This is the case of an entropy. In this paper, we
show, starting from the discretisation of the original PDE, how to construct a
scheme that is consistent with the original PDE and the additional conservation
relation. Since one interesting example is given by the systems endowed by an
entropy, we provide one explicit solution, and show that the accuracy of the
new scheme is at most degraded by one order. In the case of a discontinuous
Galerkin scheme and a Residual distribution scheme, we show how not to degrade
the accuracy. This improves the recent results obtained in [1, 2, 3, 4] in the
sense that no particular constraints are set on quadrature formula and that a
priori maximum accuracy can still be achieved. We study the behavior of the
method on a non linear scalar problem. However, the method is not restricted to
scalar problems
Weak Lensing Mass Reconstruction using Wavelets
This paper presents a new method for the reconstruction of weak lensing mass
maps. It uses the multiscale entropy concept, which is based on wavelets, and
the False Discovery Rate which allows us to derive robust detection levels in
wavelet space. We show that this new restoration approach outperforms several
standard techniques currently used for weak shear mass reconstruction. This
method can also be used to separate E and B modes in the shear field, and thus
test for the presence of residual systematic effects. We concentrate on large
blind cosmic shear surveys, and illustrate our results using simulated shear
maps derived from N-Body Lambda-CDM simulations with added noise corresponding
to both ground-based and space-based observations.Comment: Accepted manuscript with all figures can be downloaded at:
http://jstarck.free.fr/aa_wlens05.pdf and software can be downloaded at
http://jstarck.free.fr/mrlens.htm
Chandra and XMM-Newton Observations of the Abell 3391/Abell 3395 Intercluster Filament
We present Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray observations of the Abell 3391/Abell
3395 intercluster filament. It has been suggested that the galaxy clusters
Abell 3395, Abell 3391, and the galaxy group ESO-161 located between the two
clusters, are in alignment along a large-scale intercluster filament. We find
that the filament is aligned close to the plane of the sky, in contrast to
previous results. We find a global projected filament temperature kT =
~keV, electron density ~cm, and ~M. The thermodynamic properties of the filament are consistent
with that of intracluster medium (ICM) of Abell 3395 and Abell 3391, suggesting
that the filament emission is dominated by ICM gas that has been tidally
disrupted during an early stage merger between these two clusters. We present
temperature, density, entropy, and abundance profiles across the filament. We
find that the galaxy group ESO-161 may be undergoing ram pressure stripping in
the low density environment at or near the virial radius of both clusters due
to its rapid motion through the filament.Comment: 13 Pages, 12 Figures, 5 Tables. Submitted to ApJ, comments are
welcom
Simple connectome inference from partial correlation statistics in calcium imaging
In this work, we propose a simple yet effective solution to the problem of
connectome inference in calcium imaging data. The proposed algorithm consists
of two steps. First, processing the raw signals to detect neural peak
activities. Second, inferring the degree of association between neurons from
partial correlation statistics. This paper summarises the methodology that led
us to win the Connectomics Challenge, proposes a simplified version of our
method, and finally compares our results with respect to other inference
methods
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Localization from semantic observations via the matrix permanent
Most approaches to robot localization rely on low-level geometric features such as points, lines, and planes. In this paper, we use object recognition to obtain semantic information from the robot’s sensors and consider the task of localizing the robot within a prior map of landmarks, which are annotated with semantic labels. As object recognition algorithms miss detections and produce false alarms, correct data association between the detections and the landmarks on the map is central to the semantic localization problem. Instead of the traditional vector-based representation, we propose a sensor model, which encodes the semantic observations via random finite sets and enables a unified treatment of missed detections, false alarms, and data association. Our second contribution is to reduce the problem of computing the likelihood of a set-valued observation to the problem of computing a matrix permanent. It is this crucial transformation that allows us to solve the semantic localization problem with a polynomial-time approximation to the set-based Bayes filter. Finally, we address the active semantic localization problem, in which the observer’s trajectory is planned in order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the localization process. The performance of our approach is demonstrated in simulation and in real environments using deformable-part-model-based object detectors. Robust global localization from semantic observations is demonstrated for a mobile robot, for the Project Tango phone, and on the KITTI visual odometry dataset. Comparisons are made with the traditional lidar-based geometric Monte Carlo localization
Ranking News-Quality Multimedia
News editors need to find the photos that best illustrate a news piece and
fulfill news-media quality standards, while being pressed to also find the most
recent photos of live events. Recently, it became common to use social-media
content in the context of news media for its unique value in terms of immediacy
and quality. Consequently, the amount of images to be considered and filtered
through is now too much to be handled by a person. To aid the news editor in
this process, we propose a framework designed to deliver high-quality,
news-press type photos to the user. The framework, composed of two parts, is
based on a ranking algorithm tuned to rank professional media highly and a
visual SPAM detection module designed to filter-out low-quality media. The core
ranking algorithm is leveraged by aesthetic, social and deep-learning semantic
features. Evaluation showed that the proposed framework is effective at finding
high-quality photos (true-positive rate) achieving a retrieval MAP of 64.5% and
a classification precision of 70%.Comment: To appear in ICMR'1
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