The indirect effects of maternal psychopathology in early childhood on adolescent health outcomes

Maternal psychopathology has been linked to adolescent mental health outcomes and an emerging literature suggests that early life stressors induce long-term effects on physical health. Bridging together two related but siloed literatures, the present study examined two indirect effects of maternal psychopathology on adolescent health outcomes. Specifically, maternal psychopathology was hypothesized to exert its longitudinal effect on youth’s depressive symptoms and CRP levels, an inflammatory biomarker associated with a host of chronic health conditions, indirectly through a developmentally salient process involving psychosocial functioning in middle childhood and BMI status in adolescence. The present study prospectively analyzed a longitudinal data set of 288 community-dwelling mother-child dyads (162 females, 65% White) spanning 3 time points, early childhood (M age = 5), middle childhood (M age = 10), and adolescence (M age = 17). A structural equation model was employed to examine the indirect effects of maternal psychopathology in early childhood on adolescent health outcomes. Results supported two hypothesized model pathways from maternal psychopathology to depressive symptoms via psychosocial functioning [?=.071, SE=.038; CI (.013, .157)] and CRP levels via psychosocial functioning and BMI status [?=.042, SE=.022; CI (.006, .091)] in adolescence. Findings highlight the long-term effects of maternal psychopathology and suggest a developmentally salient point of intervention via psychosocial functioning in middle childhood. [This abstract may have been edited to remove characters that will not display in this system. Please see the PDF for the full abstract.]]]> 2022 Children of mentally ill mothers Teenagers $x Health and hygiene Mother and child C-reactive protein English http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Garcia_uncg_0154M_13617.pdf oai:libres.uncg.edu/38257 2022-09-13T11:28:18Z UNCG Training competent counselors for everyBODY : the impact of a health at every size training on weight bias and its relationship to multicultural competence Gerringer, Brittany Putnam NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro <![CDATA[Weight discrimination, the maltreatment of individuals perceived to have larger sized bodies driven by both implicit and explicit biases about weight, is a growing issue in society with deleterious effects for individuals of size (Andreyeva et al., 2008; Hatzenbuehler et al., 2009; Puhl &amp; King, 2013; Swift et al., 2013; Tomiyama, 2014). Despite having training in multicultural competence which provides ways for counselors to gain awareness of biases and skills to work with clients who differ from them, unfortunately, counselors are not immune to weight biases impacting their counseling work, with counselors demonstrating comparable (and unfortunately high) amounts of weight bias as other professionals (Akoury et al., 2019; Puhl et al., 2014). Strong weight bias is also evident in counselors-in-training (CITs), who tend to characterize higher weight clients as having significantly more negative characteristics and significantly lower work efficacy than lower weight clients (Pascal, 2011), and ascribe a poorer prognosis to clients of size (Adams, 2008). Therefore a critical time to address weight stigma is in the training of new counselors and mental health professionals, before harm can be perpetuated in their work. The Health at Every Size (HAES) paradigm presents a paradigm shift from the historical view that higher body weight is a disease to be treated, by instead positing that all bodies are good bodies deserving of care and respect regardless of size, that weight loss is not inherently a means to increasing health, and advocates to decrease weight discrimination instead of perperuting it (ASDAH: Trademark Guidelines, 2003). While there have been studies on the efficacy of non-HAES aligned weight stigma trainings to decrease implicit and explicit biases in mental health trainees (Cravens et al., 2016; Pratt et al., 2016) and some studies in the efficacy of HAES-aligned weight stigma trainings in college students and dietetics students (Brown, 2009; Humphrey et al., 2015; Rosalez et al., 2015), to date, there have not been studies on how a HAES-aligned weight-stigma training tailored for CITs impacts implicit and explicit weight bias. The present study utilized a quantitative two-group crossover quasi experimental design to examine how a HAES-informed training on weight stigma will impact CITs’ implicit and explicit weight bias, and HAES competence, and how multicultural competence is related to change in both implicit and explicit weight bias. A total of 55 counselors in training participated in the study, 32 in the treatment group and 23 in the delayed intervention group. The data was analyzed using repeated measures ANOVAs to explore the changes in pre-post bias scores and a correlation analysis to explore the relationship between multicultural competence on bias change. Results of the study indicated small but not statistically significant changes in implicit bias and significant decrease in explicit bias, though due to a high amount of missing data concrete interpretation is cautioned. The results also indicated a significant increase in HAES competence after the training and a nonsignificant relationship between multicultural competence and bias change. This study provides an important next step in moving the counseling field forward in terms of better preparing counselors to provide a space of healing and support for all clients, regardless of their body size

The psychological impact of infertility on African women and their families

The purpose of this study was to investigate and describe the experience of infertility of African women, men and family member. It is hoped that this description will contribute to a deeper understanding of the psychosocial difficulties involved in the area of infertility and ofthe ways in which people respond to the situation of infertility. A qualitative research approach was used, and in particular social constructivist-interpretive research and feminist research approaches. The sample consisted of39 participants: 19 women, 10 men, and 10 family members faced with infertility. The research orientation was field-based, concerned with collecting data using the technique of in-depth semi-structured interviews. Each participant was interviewed individually. The interviews were recorded on tape, transcribed in their full length and translated into English. Data were analysed on the basis of the interpretive feminist approach. Analysis of individual cases and crosscase analysis were employed. The findings suggested a contextual definition of infertility, for example, for some, having had an ectopic pregnancy or a miscarriage meant that they did not fit into the definition of infertility. The findings revealed that for many African women and men, blood ties still defined the family and the persona. Thus, failure to have a blood child resulted in courtship and marital break up, extramarital relationships, polygamy, and divorce and remarriage. Infertility had serious psychosocial consequences for both the infertile individuals and their families. Participants experienced repeated periods of existential crisis, which began at different points for different participants. Analysis of gender differences indicated similarities in the experience of the crisis, but differences in terms of expression and ways of responding to the crisis. Family dynamics within the context of infertility were coloured by ambivalent feelings, resentment, insensitivity, and miscommunication, but also affection, and social support. Traditional and modern medical health systems offered the possibility of finding explanations and treatment, but there was further strain from the negative experiences with the health care system. The findings in this study suggested the need for policy reformulation, for psychosocial intervention as part of the treatment plan, and for future research on the outcome of using various coping strategies.PsychologyD. Phil. (Psychology

Strategies for Early Learners

Welcome to learning about how to effectively plan curriculum for young children. This textbook will address: • Developing curriculum through the planning cycle • Theories that inform what we know about how children learn and the best ways for teachers to support learning • The three components of developmentally appropriate practice • Importance and value of play and intentional teaching • Different models of curriculum • Process of lesson planning (documenting planned experiences for children) • Physical, temporal, and social environments that set the stage for children’s learning • Appropriate guidance techniques to support children’s behaviors as the self-regulation abilities mature. • Planning for preschool-aged children in specific domains including o Physical development o Language and literacy o Math o Science o Creative (the visual and performing arts) o Diversity (social science and history) o Health and safety • Making children’s learning visible through documentation and assessmenthttps://scholar.utc.edu/open-textbooks/1001/thumbnail.jp

Themes in cultural psychiatry, an annotated bibliography, 1975-1980

Includes bibliographical references and index.While expanding on the previous compilation, Anthropological and Cross-Cultural Themes in Mental Health: An Annotated Bibliography, 1925-1974, Favazza anthologizes the next five years of literature on cultural psychiatry. The magnitude of material during this time period allowed Favazza to broaden the scope from cultural psychiatric themes in psychiatric and psychological journals to also include anthropological journals, non-English-language journals, and books as well.Introduction -- Journals cited in annotations -- Annotations -- Secondary author index -- Subject index.Digitized at the University of Missouri--Columbia MU Libraries Digitization Lab in 2012. Digitized at 600 dpi with Zeutschel, OS 15000 scanner. Access copy, available in MOspace, is 400 dpi, grayscale

Rider Haggard and The Imperial Occult: Hermetic Discourse and Romantic Contiguity

This thesis critically examines the literary oeuvre of H. Rider Haggard, placing it in the nineteenth-century occult milieu in which he wrote, and from which he took ideas which remained with him into the first decades of the twentieth century. Building upon earlier trajectories of Haggard studies, notably postcolonialist, psychoanalytic, and feminist platforms, it critiques and nuances them whilst taking a novel approach in elucidating the religio-philosophical and esoteric ideas which are prolific in his work. To do this I employ the over-arching concept of what I have termed the ‘Imperial Occult’, by which British occultism is understood to be an epiphenomenon of the counter-invasion and reverse-missionising of religious ideas on the colonial periphery, namely those from Egypt, India, Tibet and South Africa. Whilst it is a commonplace assumption that occultism is one of many countercultural movements, I argue that in Britain it represented an attempt to revitalise and shore-up metropolitan religiosity in the face of continental biblical historicism, Darwinism, and scientific naturalism in general. More especially, this was in response to the stripping away of supernaturalism by Broad Church Liberal reform, notably in the wake of the influential Broad Church Essays and Reviews. In this context I examine the syncretic processual mechanisms and discursive religious construction which resulted from an attempt to accommodate religions from the colonies to the Empire as Christendom. Therefore, whereas previously much scholarly work has focussed on Haggard as a writer to be understood in the context of the centripetal force of imperial patriarchy, this study focuses on the impact of the colonial periphery upon Victorian and Edwardian culture and society. In the context of theological controversy, I argue that Haggard took a more High Church, Anglo-Catholic stance, even though his Anglicanism was far from orthodox, and that his work attempted to convey ideas of the occult or esoteric in this context. Analysing these ideas, the thesis is divided into three sections representing three broad intellectual currents of the Imperial Occult: Christian Egyptosophy, Romanticism, and Theosophy. Within these currents I examine how Haggard’s literature presents strategic narratives of religious legitimisation, which frequently seek to endorse biblical historicity. These narratives are considered both in the teeth of Anglican controversy and in the context of Empire, and I analyse how Haggard engaged with the doctrinal controversies of the period. In addition, I examine the intertextuality of Haggard’s ‘Romance of Anthropology’, the purpose of his posited alternative fictional biblical stories, and the importance of the imagination as a spiritual noetic organ of transcendental apperception. In this context I discuss the ‘metaphysical novel’ considered as a source of religious truth and occult lore, and as ancillary to scripture, particularly the letters of St Paul. Throughout the thesis, Haggard’s engagement with this ‘occult lore’ is apparent as a pervasive Hermetic discourse of initiatic religion, esoteric/exoteric dichotomy and a secret wisdom tradition. This takes a number of manifest forms including Egyptological, Romantic and Theosophical tropes. As a result the thesis will engage with a rich panoply of esoteric ideas constellated in a Victorian religio mentis which was born of the British Imperium