Altmetric Analysis of Highly Cited Publications on Digital Library in Brazil and India: A Comparative Study

In Library and Information Science, Altmetrics is one of the emerging metrics to capture the online attention of scholarly literature. The present paper is an attempt to do a correlation study of an altmetric score and citations received by the highly cited publications of Digital library in Brazil and India country during 1989-2017. The study reveals that India is the county which received altmetric attention as compared to Brazil. While doing Altmetric analysis, it was found that discipline wise, Librarians followed by PhD scholar are the maximum readers whereas subject-wise, Computer science professionals contribute the maximum readership followed by social science disciplines in India in the field of a digital library. So, it is the need of time to explore the area more so that altmetric would become one of the standard indicators to measure the research impact in a professional

An altmetric comparison of highly cited digital library publications of India and China

A comparative altmetric study of highly cited publications on ‘digital library’ from India and China pertaining to the period 1989 to 2017 reveals that computer science discipline has more readership of digital library publications in China whereas social science disciplines has more readership in India. Indian articles on digital library received higher altmetric scores as compared to articles of Chinese origin, whereas the Chinese articles on digital libraries received more citations as compared to the Indian articles on the subject. The study also reveals that there is a low correlation between citations and altmetric scores

Perceptions of Librarians on the Usefulness of DRM Technology in Protecting against Copyright Violation

The purpose of the study was to establish the perceptions of librarians on the usefulness of digital rights management systems in digital libraries as mechanisms of securing digital content from copyright violation in order to assess the general usefulness of the DRM technology. The study used Strathmore University library and Moi University Nairobi Campus library as the case studies. A Census was carried out because the population under study was small with a total of 34 respondents. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed in this study. The study established that there exists a positive correlation between the awareness of DRM systems and the use of digital content in Libraries. The study also established that DRM systems limit fair use of information. The respondents felt that DRM systems prevent fair use such as sharing articles and other information from e-resources with colleagues and that it also bars fair use of information since it forces users to access material in small chunks. Finally, the study established some e-books & e-journals are easily downloadable by unauthorized users’ despite being locked with DRM technology. The study will benefit the government agencies in charge of copyright and Digital media such as Copyright Society of Kenya in that it will be able to amend and/or create policies that will embrace DRM technologies and discourage copyright infringement in digital libraries. This is because the research outlines the benefits, challenges & loopholes of DRM technologies usage and further gives recommendations on the measures to counter the challenge

Licensing Copyrighted Content & Copyright Clearance Centre

Copyright is a form of legal protection given to content creators through the assignment of specific rights to works that qualify for protection. Copyright laws vary widely from country to country, making compliance a challenge especially when the organisation has employees located in various parts of the world. These challenges include the lawful use and sharing of content among employees within countries, in different countries and scattered among corporate subsidiaries. What’s more, copyright compliance at the global level is further complicated by the vast amount of easily accessible content found online. As the Reproduction Rights Organization for the US and a member of the International Federation of Reproduction Rights Organizations (IFRRO), CCC provides better licensing model at the global level

Digitization of Cultural Objects in the Context of Cultural Heritage (Libraries, Archives and Museums)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the benefits and limitations of digitization of cultural heritage objects in the context of cultural heritage (Libraries, archives, and museums) and to increase the focus and attention to the digitization of cultural heritage objects that are at risk. Methodology: This study has been done by a systematic review of resources in the Scopus database. The retrieved resources are then analyzed and visualized by Excel and VOSviewer software. Findings: Digitization of cultural heritage objects affects the way of access, protection, and management of cultural heritage and has led to the democratization of content, increased global access, and preservation of cultural heritage objects. Digitization will stimulate the integration of libraries, archives, and museums in the context of cultural heritage due to the numerous overlaps in terms of public functions. Digitization of cultural heritage objects also has challenges such as financial issues, lack of expertise skills, legal restrictions on intellectual property, technology obsolescence, the digital divide in societies, the risk of distortion and alteration of information and metadata in the web environment, and finally, the user perceives the sensation of a digitized object relative to its physical version. Conclusion: Digitization of cultural heritage objects by advanced technologies, in addition to paving the way for the integration of libraries, archives, and museums, has created a new renaissance for cultural heritage objects in the context of cultural heritage. The role of digitization of cultural heritage objects in libraries, archives, and museums is significant, especially during the Covid 19 Pandemic, for remote access and greater audience access to cultural centers. However, it is important to note that our approach to digitalization should be modular, extensible, and flexible to be effective in sustainable protection. Let us also keep in mind that the digitization of cultural heritage objects, with all its benefits, will never replace physical experiences, but will complement and accompany natural cultural objects in the context of cultural heritage. Value: This study, for the first time, analyzes the benefits and limitations of digitization of cultural heritage objects in the context of cultural heritage and can be useful for decision-makers and policymakers in the field of cultural heritage

Analysis of Issues and Challenges of Copyright of Textual Digital Resources from the Viewpoint of Managers of Academic Digital Libraries in Tehran

Objective: Due to the inherent features of the digital environment, such as the ease of dissemination of information widely and quickly, or the possibility of manipulating digital content by anonymous users, the digital environment and digital libraries pose many challenges to copyright and legislative decision-making to approve new laws and rules. Investigating the issues and challenges of copyright of digital content, especially textual resources can help to develop digital libraries. The aim of this research was to identify, determine and prioritize the issues and challenges of copyright of textual digital resources from the viewpoint of managers of academic digital libraries in Tehran. Methodology: The methodology of this applied research was the analytical survey and the total number of managers of academic digital libraries in Tehran was selected as the research population (31 managers). The data were collected through library studies and a questionnaire. First, previous studies and the documentary research method were used to review the fundamental issues and challenges of copyright of textual digital resources in order to design a questionnaire based on the research model. Then, by reviewing the literature and the basis of the research model, a questionnaire with 60 items and eight sections was developed after validation using expert opinion and reliability verification using Cronbach's alpha method and distributed among 31 managers of academic digital libraries in Tehran. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistical methods by the SPSS and the Smart PLS softwares Findings: The findings showed that from the viewpoints of managers of academic digital libraries' in Tehran, issues and challenges of copyright of textual digital resources are as follows in order of importance: defective copyright laws, exceptions and fair use, the nature of the digital space, libraries actions, protective and system and network technologies, economy, contract and licenses, and moral considerations. The model validity of the issues and challenges affecting the copyright of digital textual resources was verified using structural and measurement models. Indicators of the nature of the digital environment in order of importance were: the ease of unauthorized sharing of copyrighted works simultaneously among multiple users; the ease of scientific and literary manipulation (plagiarism); the ambiguity of responsibility and the right to protect the digital content by digital libraries; the ease of copy and paste of digital texts; the distortion and dissemination of copyrighted materials; the problem of validating the authenticity of digital content; the possibility of unauthorized reproduction at the international level; the inaccurate identification of the production site and the publisher of the work; and failure to identify the provenance and publisher of digital content. Conclusion: The challenge of defective copyright laws is the most important problem facing the copyright of textual digital resources. Due to the widespread use of digital information resources, there is a strong need to solve problems and challenges related to the defective copyright laws. Therefore, it is important to investigate and resolve issues related to elements and constituents of copyright, including the limitations of copyright for digital libraries due to the legal issues, the challenges of new media and data formats, and the need for contracts between publishers and content creators, etc

Internet Public Policy Themes: A Literature Review

The current paper aims to present a literature review for the researches conducted on internet public policy themes and provides a classification scheme for future research agenda. This research conducts a literature review based on the studies published in English and in a peer-reviewed journal from 1979 to 2015. Simple criterion method was used to find articles. 427 articles identified in 267 academic journals. All these articles were analyzed by year of publication, number of articles in the selected journal and area topics. This extended literature review provides an exhaustive and valuable source for future internet public policy research for practitioners and scholars by presenting a comprehensive list of references. Although, part of this article was published by (Kashani & Kasmani, 2018), the references listing associated with each internet public policy issue is original

Making memory: techne, technology, and the refashioning of contemporary memory

My dissertation answers two questions: Does the tension between interactive technologies and rhetoric re-shape the nature and relevance of the canon of memory? Do interactive technologies affect the ways we remember and persuade? I argue that my interpretation of techne suggests possibilities for the creation and production of new types of memory in combination with digital media. To interrogate this connection, I suggest three interpretations of the Greek concept, techne: as a process that is inherently productive; as a force that renegotiates contemporary sources of social power; and as a skill that balances expert knowledge with instrumentality. I explore the creative possibilities of making memory in several examples such as digital archives, photo manipulation, and digital collaborative pedagogy. In Chapter One, I begin by reviewing how memory has been employed since its characterization as one of the five canons. Starting with Plato\u27s Phaedrus and ending with Merlin Donald\u27s Origins of the Modern Mind and Collin Gifford Brooke\u27s Lingua Fracta, my thorough treatment of memory illustrates that even though memory has persisted through the centuries, it has not been properly adapted as a foundation of rhetoric for use in connection with information technologies. Chapter Two is a critical exploration of techne as well as an argument that states how techne and memory should be thought of as complimentary forces. New technologies afford users the possibilities to create and replicate memories, thus understanding techne as a characteristic of digital memory is critical for contemporary rhetorical practices. Chapter Three is an exploration of three digital archives: The Wayback Machine, The 9/11 Digital Archive, and The Soweto \u2776 Archive. By looking at digital archives, I argue that visitors are encouraged to participate in memory making, indicating a shift from consumerist trends of memory towards productive memorial spaces. I use the term technemonic to suggest the devices, spaces, or tokens (digital or otherwise) that we make or collect to remember a particular event. In chapter four, I argue that memory is a persuasive construct--it is not a concrete structure, as we tend to think it is, but rather it is extremely fluid and easily subjected to recreation by the slightest suggestive details. I examine two specific vectors of memory manipulation: external photo manipulation and internal cognitive manipulation. Chapter Five questions the implications of technologies used through the process of techne to change the canon of memory. This final chapter will discuss how technologies have always affected memory and why those influences are critical to contemporary rhetoric studies. In particular, Chapter Five will deal with the new sources and boundaries of control individuals have (or do not have) over their digital memories

Email record keeping in the government sector: a case study of Malaysia

Email has become the main means of correspondence, displacing the letter with its conventions and procedures developed over centuries. Every organisation needs to develop and implement policies to manage email as records of evidence of transactions and as a source of information. This study aimed to critically explore the management of email in the context of the management of information and record keeping in the transition to the digital. The objectives of the study were: To explore the legal and regulatory environment in relation to the Malaysian Government and the information it creates and holds; to explore the evolution of email recordkeeping by the Malaysian Government; to critically review existing policies, guidelines and systems for capturing and managing email by the Malaysian Government from a record keeping perspective; and to investigate the current practices in managing email in a selected part of the Malaysian Government against existing policies and guidelines, in part to determine if the latter were clear and unambiguous. It highlights the fact that no in-depth case study of email management has been published previously. In the public sector there are many examples of poor email management. For instance, Michael Gove, when UK Secretary of State for Education, conducted government business using his wife’s personal email account; and former US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton used a personal email account and server for both government and personal business. The context of this thesis is the introduction by the Malaysian government of a project that will provide a free email account for every citizen over eighteen to allow them to access e-Government services through a single sign-on user ID, as part of the move to e-government in Malaysia to deliver its Vision 2020. The research is based on a case study of the implementation of this initiative and the accompanying system for managing email at a selected government ministry in Malaysia; it is based on interviews with twelve participants with different roles across three departments and the two providers of policies and guidelines. The design of interview questions was based around the records continuum model and is four elements, the creation, capture, organisation and pluralisation of information. The findings suggest that email has been accepted by the government as records and evidence mandated by Malaysia’s National Archives Act 2003. Yet not all government servants accept emails as records, largely as a consequence of poor project planning and faulty design of the Digital Document Management System (DDMS) for email management. The DDMS has been developed to ensure that the government manages its email, and other electronic records, according to international standards embodied in ISO 16175:2 (2011), which has been adopted nationally as MS ISO 16175:2 (2012). The main factors influencing the implementation of the DDMS in the government sector are people, processes and technology. The DDMS project has been seen as an IT project, and not a records management project, and consequently has failed to meet the requirements for a digital records management system. This explains why some government servants are reluctant to accept email as a record. Project management, change management and quality management should have been central during the system implementation process, but were found to be either inadequately addressed or completely overlooked. The findings conclude that email management can be markedly improved by promoting information culture and awareness of the importance of managing email records. This case study contributes to the evolution of record keeping policy and practice in a former UK dependency during the transition to the digital environment and in the identification of good practice that could be applicable in other similar national government contexts

Factors Influencing Customer Satisfaction towards E-shopping in Malaysia

Online shopping or e-shopping has changed the world of business and quite a few people have decided to work with these features. What their primary concerns precisely and the responses from the globalisation are the competency of incorporation while doing their businesses. E-shopping has also increased substantially in Malaysia in recent years. The rapid increase in the e-commerce industry in Malaysia has created the demand to emphasize on how to increase customer satisfaction while operating in the e-retailing environment. It is very important that customers are satisfied with the website, or else, they would not return. Therefore, a crucial fact to look into is that companies must ensure that their customers are satisfied with their purchases that are really essential from the ecommerce’s point of view. With is in mind, this study aimed at investigating customer satisfaction towards e-shopping in Malaysia. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed among students randomly selected from various public and private universities located within Klang valley area. Total 369 questionnaires were returned, out of which 341 questionnaires were found usable for further analysis. Finally, SEM was employed to test the hypotheses. This study found that customer satisfaction towards e-shopping in Malaysia is to a great extent influenced by ease of use, trust, design of the website, online security and e-service quality. Finally, recommendations and future study direction is provided. Keywords: E-shopping, Customer satisfaction, Trust, Online security, E-service quality, Malaysia