234,429 research outputs found
KNOWLEDGE SHARING AND NEGOTIATION SUPPORT IN MULTIPERSON DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS
A number of DSS for supporting decisions by more than one person have been
proposed. These can be categorized by spatial distance (local vs. remote),
temporal distance (meeting vs. mailing), commonality of goals (cooperation
vs. bargaining), and control (democratic vs. hierarchical). Existing
frameworks for model management in single-user DSS seem insufficient for
such systems.
This paper views multiperson DSS as a loosely coupled system of model and
data bases which may be human (the DSS builders and users) or computerized.
The systems components have different knowledge bases and may have
different interests. Their interaction is characterized by knowledge
sharing for uncertainty reduction and cooperative problem-solving, and
negotiation for view integration, consensus-seeking, and compromise.
Requirements for the different types of multiperson DSS can be formalized
as application-level communications protocols. Based on a literature
review and recent experience with a number of multiperson DSS prototypes,
artificial intelligence-based message-passing protocols are compared with
database-centered approaches and model-based techniques, such as
multicriteria decision making.Information Systems Working Papers Serie
Decision Support Systems
Decision support systems (DSS) have evolved over the past four decades from theoretical concepts into real world computerized applications. DSS architecture contains three key components: knowledge base, computerized model, and user interface. DSS simulate cognitive decision-making functions of humans based on artificial intelligence methodologies (including expert systems, data mining, machine learning, connectionism, logistical reasoning, etc.) in order to perform decision support functions. The applications of DSS cover many domains, ranging from aviation monitoring, transportation safety, clinical diagnosis, weather forecast, business management to internet search strategy. By combining knowledge bases with inference rules, DSS are able to provide suggestions to end users to improve decisions and outcomes. This book is written as a textbook so that it can be used in formal courses examining decision support systems. It may be used by both undergraduate and graduate students from diverse computer-related fields. It will also be of value to established professionals as a text for self-study or for reference
Toward overcoming accidental complexity in organisational decision-making
This paper takes a practitioner's perspective on the problem of organisational decision-making. Industry practice follows a refinement based iterative method for organizational decision-making. However, existing enterprise modelling tools are not complete with respect to the needs of organizational decision-making. As a result, today, a decision maker is forced to use a chain of non-interoperable tools supporting paradigmatically diverse modelling languages with the onus of their co-ordinated use lying entirely on the decision maker. This paper argues the case for a model-based approach to overcome this accidental complexity. A bridge meta-model, specifying relationships across models created by individual tools, ensures integration and a method, describing what should be done when and how, and ensures better tool integration. Validation of the proposed solution using a case study is presented with current limitations and possible means of overcoming them outlined
Knowledge and Metadata Integration for Warehousing Complex Data
With the ever-growing availability of so-called complex data, especially on
the Web, decision-support systems such as data warehouses must store and
process data that are not only numerical or symbolic. Warehousing and analyzing
such data requires the joint exploitation of metadata and domain-related
knowledge, which must thereby be integrated. In this paper, we survey the types
of knowledge and metadata that are needed for managing complex data, discuss
the issue of knowledge and metadata integration, and propose a CWM-compliant
integration solution that we incorporate into an XML complex data warehousing
framework we previously designed.Comment: 6th International Conference on Information Systems Technology and
its Applications (ISTA 07), Kharkiv : Ukraine (2007
Towards a prioritization of needs to support decision making in organizational change processes
A focus on needs and the ability to generate knowledge about needs is highly valuable for organizations because it extends the range of possible solutions and therefore enables them to create more innovative and sustainable products and services. Our paper will explore how a framework based on an abductive reasoning process for the creation and discovery of knowledge about needs in organizations can look like and what the main steps of such a framework are, in order to integrate this approach into the model of the knowledge-based firm. Moreover we will present empirical findings from a project with Austrian companies where this framework has been used
ON INTEGRATING HYPERMEDIA INTO DECISION SUPPORT AND OTHER INFORMATION SYSTEMS
The goal of this research is to provide hypermedia functionality to all information systems that
interact with people. Hypermedia is a concept involving access to information, embodying the
notions of context-sensitive navigation, annotation and tailored presentation.
We present the architecture of a system-level hypermedia engine, designed both to manage
full hypermedia functionality for an information system and to bind interface-oriented front-end
systems with separate computation-oriented back-end systems. The engine dynamically
superimposes a hypermedia representation over a back-end application's knowledge components
and processes. The hypermedia engine generates this representation using bridge laws, which
capture the internal structure of client systems. Users access the application through its
hypermedia representation.
We also describe a set of minimal requirements for integrating our hypermedia engine with an
information system. We believe these guidelines apply to all integration efforts, not just our own.
Information systems will require some supplementary routines for the engine to manage
hypermedia functionality for them. The more sophisticated and cooperative the information
system, the higher the level of hypermedia support the engine will provide.Information Systems Working Papers Serie
HYPER MODEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
In this paper we study the integration of Model
Management and Hypertext systems to produce a Hyper
Model Management System (HMMS). Model Management
Systems constitute a class of software that
is designed to support the construction, storage, retrieval,
and use of models in the context of decision
support systems (DSS). Hypertext systems allow users
to split information into data fragments which the user
cart browse to find information by taking non-linear
paths in computer based texts. It has been suggested
that DSSs should be conceived as environments which
support decision making. We support the view that
such environments can be readily provided for the subtask
of model management by hypertext systems. The
different kinds of model knowledge can be captured
within different types of hypertext nodes and the relationships
among these can be maintained by hypertext
links. In this paper we describe some aspects of
model management where hypertext will have a significant
impact. However, plain hypertext is ineffective
in dealing with the dynamic nature of information in
model management tasks where data is revised, models
executed, and reports are created on the fly. Dynamic
domains require dynamic hypertexts. In this paper we
also study the requirements for dynamic hypertexts.
These can be satisfied within the class of generalized
hypertext systems by using special hypertext nodes and
links which we describe. We explore different architectures
to integrate MMS and Hypertext systems to
obtain HMMSs. This paper emphasizes the need for a
shift to integrating Model Management and hypertext
technologies.Information Systems Working Papers Serie
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