Energy Efficient Approach for Surveillance Applications Based on Self Organized Wireless Sensor Networks

AbstractSurveillance applications based on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are energy consumption sensitive. Such applications require low energy consumption in order to extend network lifetime. In this paper, we are interested in event detection around strategic sites (e.g., oil or military sites). We propose energy efficient approach which consists of identifying and using network boundary nodes as sentries, i.e., they are always in active mode and are responsible of detecting events, sending and relaying alert messages to the sink. Remaining nodes are used as relay nodes only. They alternate between active and sleep modes in order to reduce energy consumption. Simulation results show that our approach increases significantly network lifetime and provides an acceptable percentage of alerts delivered to the sink

A Wireless Sensor Network Border Monitoring System: Deployment Issues and Routing Protocols

External border surveillance is critical to the security of every state and the challenges it poses are changing and likely to intensify. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are a low cost technology that provide an intelligence-led solution to effective continuous monitoring of large, busy and complex landscapes. The linear network topology resulting from the structure of the monitored area raises challenges that have not been adequately addressed in the literature to date. In this paper, we identify an appropriate metric to measure the quality of WSN border crossing detection. Furthermore, we propose a method to calculate the required number of sensor nodes to deploy in order to achieve a specified level of coverage according to the chosen metric in a given belt region, while maintaining radio connectivity within the network. Then, we contribute a novel cross layer routing protocol, called Levels Division Graph (LDG), designed specifically to address the communication needs and link reliability for topologically linear WSN applications. The performance of the proposed protocol is extensively evaluated in simulations using realistic conditions and parameters. LDG simulation results show significant performance gains when compared to its best rival in the literature, Dynamic Source Routing (DSR). Compared to DSR, LDG improves the average end-to-end delays by up to 95%, packet delivery ratio by up to 20%, and throughput by up to 60%, while maintaining comparable performance in terms of normalized routing load and energy consumption