3,768 research outputs found
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Today, whether English's dominance as a global lingua franca benefits higher education, more and more universities around the world have made efforts to integrate English academic writing education into their institutional policies and strategies. This trend has been observed particularly against the background where, with the increased internationalization of higher education, the imperative for universities globally to focus on maintaining or improving their international reputation and rankings has grown significantly. Indeed, such prestige tends to be assessed largely in terms of publications in English. With this in mind, we are concerned with how higher education institutions address these efforts toward promoting English academic writing in a specific non-English L1 context, namely Japan. English academic writing in university contexts where English is an additional language exists where the fields of language education, higher education administration, research methodology, and cultural socialization converge. Therefore, this volume brings together scholarship that aims to examine the different ways in which academic writing education shapes and is shaped by students, faculty and other stakeholders in Japanese universities. This volumeâs eight chapters, by authors with diverse backgrounds, ranging from administrators to researchers, and from humanities and social sciences to medical studies, explore the opportunities and challenges of English academic writing education in Japanese universities by looking at related topics, including writing centers, faculty members, genre-specific education, and technology development. Together, the discussions in the individual chapters can contribute profoundly to theory, policy, and practice in the domains of curriculum, research, and administration in university contexts.Introduction⊠Norifumi Miyokawa 1
Part I: A writing center in Japan: Hiroshima University
Chapter One:
Development of the Hiroshima University Writing Center ïŒFrom an administrative perspectiveïŒâŠ Hiroko Araki & Norifumi Miyokawa 3
Chapter Two:
Perceptions of academic writing support ïŒA needs analysis of the Hiroshima University Writing CenterïŒâŠ Roehl Sybing & Norifumi Miyokawa 17
Part II: Faculty development for academic writing
Chapter Three:
Potential roles of writing centers for writing related Faculty Development⊠Machi Sato & Shinichi Cho 31
Chapter Four:
Academic writing support for faculty members ïŒWriting Groups and Writing RetreatsïŒâŠ Adina Staicov 45
Part III: Genre-specific education: Cases in the medical field
Chapter Five:
How to write the Introduction of biomedical research articles ïŒMove analysis of the first and last sentencesïŒâŠ Takeshi Kawamoto & Tatsuya Ishii 57
Chapter Six:
Error analysis of overt lexicogrammatical errors in the prepublication English-language manuscripts of Japanese biomedical researchers ïŒWith implications for the teaching of writing for biomedical research â⊠Flaminia Miyamasu 67
Part IV: Theoretical and practical approaches to academic writing
Chapter Seven:
Language socialization and writing centers⊠Akiko Katayama 81
Chapter Eight:
Socialization into integrity ïŒUsing plagiarism software to teach L2 writingïŒâŠ Gavin Furukawa 95
Acknowledgements⊠Norifumi Miyokawa 10
State of the art 2015: a literature review of social media intelligence capabilities for counter-terrorism
Overview
This paper is a review of how information and insight can be drawn from open social media sources. It focuses on the specific research techniques that have emerged, the capabilities they provide, the possible insights they offer, and the ethical and legal questions they raise. These techniques are considered relevant and valuable in so far as they can help to maintain public safety by preventing terrorism, preparing for it, protecting the public from it and pursuing its perpetrators. The report also considers how far this can be achieved against the backdrop of radically changing technology and public attitudes towards surveillance. This is an updated version of a 2013 report paper on the same subject, State of the Art. Since 2013, there have been significant changes in social media, how it is used by terrorist groups, and the methods being developed to make sense of it.
The paper is structured as follows:
Part 1 is an overview of social media use, focused on how it is used by groups of interest to those involved in counter-terrorism. This includes new sections on trends of social media platforms; and a new section on Islamic State (IS).
Part 2 provides an introduction to the key approaches of social media intelligence (henceforth âSOCMINTâ) for counter-terrorism.
Part 3 sets out a series of SOCMINT techniques. For each technique a series of capabilities and insights are considered, the validity and reliability of the method is considered, and how they might be applied to counter-terrorism work explored.
Part 4 outlines a number of important legal, ethical and practical considerations when undertaking SOCMINT work
Theory and Applications for Advanced Text Mining
Due to the growth of computer technologies and web technologies, we can easily collect and store large amounts of text data. We can believe that the data include useful knowledge. Text mining techniques have been studied aggressively in order to extract the knowledge from the data since late 1990s. Even if many important techniques have been developed, the text mining research field continues to expand for the needs arising from various application fields. This book is composed of 9 chapters introducing advanced text mining techniques. They are various techniques from relation extraction to under or less resourced language. I believe that this book will give new knowledge in the text mining field and help many readers open their new research fields
International Society for Disease Surveillance Conference 2011: Building the Future of Public Health Surveillance: Building the Future of Public Health Surveillance
Daniel Reidpath - ORCID: 0000-0002-8796-0420 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8796-04204pubpub1117
Data Mining in Promoting Flight Safety
The incredible rapid development to huge volumes of air travel, mainly because of jet airliners that appeared to the sky in the 1950s, created the need for systematic research for aviation safety and collecting data about air traffic. The structured data can be analysed easily using queries from databases and running theseresults through graphic tools. However, in analysing narratives that often give more accurate information about the case, mining tools are needed. The analysis of textual data with computers has not been possible until data mining tools have been developed. Their use, at least among aviation, is still at a moderate level.
The research aims at discovering lethal trends in the flight safety reports. The narratives of 1,200 flight safety reports from years 1994 â 1996 in Finnish were processed with three text mining tools. One of them was totally language independent, the other had a specific configuration for Finnish and the third originally created for English, but encouraging results had been achieved with Spanish and that is why a Finnish test was undertaken, too.
The global rate of accidents is stabilising and the situation can now be regarded as satisfactory, but because of the growth in air traffic, the absolute number of fatal accidents per year might increase, if the flight safety will not be improved. The collection of data and reporting systems have reached their top level. The focal point in increasing the flight safety is analysis. The air traffic has generally been forecasted to grow 5 â 6 per cent annually over the next two decades. During this period, the global air travel will probably double also with relatively conservative expectations of economic growth. This development makes the airline management confront growing pressure due to increasing competition, signify cant rise in fuel prices and the need to reduce the incident rate due to expected growth in air traffic volumes. All this emphasises the urgent need for new tools and methods.
All systems provided encouraging results, as well as proved challenges still to be won. Flight safety can be improved through the development and utilisation of sophisticated analysis tools and methods, like data mining, using its results supporting the decision process of the executives.Lentoliikenne kasvoi huomattavasti 1950-luvulla pÀÀasiassa suihkumatkustajakoneiden myötÀ, mikÀ aiheutti poikkeamatietojen jÀrjestelmÀllisen kerÀÀmisen ja tutkimuksen tarpeen. MÀÀrÀmuotoinen tieto voidaan helposti analysoida tietokantakyselyillÀ esittÀen tulokset kÀyttÀen graafisia työkaluja, mutta tekstianalyysiin, jonka avulla tapauksista saadaan usein tarkempia tietoja, tarvitaan louhintatyökaluja. Tekstimuotoisen tiedon automaattinen analysointi ei ole ollut mahdollista ennen louhintatyökalujen kehittÀmistÀ. Silti niiden kÀyttö, ainakin ilmailun piirissÀ, on edelleen vÀhÀistÀ.
Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli havaita vaarallisia kehityskulkuja lentoturvallisuusraporteissa. 1 200 lentoturvallisuusraportin selostusosiot vuosilta 1994 â1996 kĂ€siteltiin kolmella tekstinlouhintatyökalulla. Yksi nĂ€istĂ€ oli tĂ€ysin kieliriippumaton, toisessa oli lisĂ€osa, jossa oli mahdollisuus kĂ€sitellĂ€ suomen kieltĂ€ ja kolmas oli rakennettu alun perin ainoastaan englanninkielisen tekstin louhintaan, mutta espanjan kielellĂ€ saavutettujen rohkaisevien tulosten pohjalta pÀÀtettiin kokeilla myös suomenkielistĂ€ tekstiĂ€.
Lento-onnettomuuksien mÀÀrĂ€ liikenteeseen nĂ€hden on vakiintumassa maailmanlaajuisesti katsottuna ja turvallisuustaso voidaan katsoa tyydyttĂ€vĂ€ksi. Kuitenkin liikenteen kasvaessa myös onnettomuuksien mÀÀrĂ€ lisÀÀntyy vuosittain, mikĂ€li lentoturvallisuutta ei kyetĂ€ parantamaan. Turvallisuustiedon kerÀÀminen ja raportointijĂ€rjestelmĂ€t ovat jo saavuttaneet huippunsa. Analysoinnin parantaminen on avain lentoturvallisuuden parantamiseen. Lentoliikenteen on ennustettu kasvavan 5 â 6 prosenttia vuodessa seuraavien kahden vuosikymmenen ajan. Samana aikana lentoliikenne saattaa kaksinkertaistua jopa vaatimattomimpien talouskasvuennusteiden mukaan. TĂ€llainen kehitys asettaa lentoliikenteen pÀÀttĂ€jille yhĂ€ kasvavia paineita kiristyvĂ€n kilpailun, polttoaineiden hinnannousun ja liikenteen kasvun aiheuttaman onnettomuuksien mÀÀrĂ€n vĂ€hentĂ€miseksi. TĂ€mĂ€ korostaa uusien menetelmien ja työkalujen kiireellistĂ€ tarvetta.
Kaikilla louhintajĂ€rjestelmillĂ€ saatiin rohkaisevia tuloksia mutta ne nostivat samalla esille haasteita, jotka tulisi vielĂ€ voittaa. Lentoturvallisuutta voidaan vielĂ€ parantaa kĂ€yttĂ€mĂ€llĂ€ tĂ€ssĂ€ esille tuotuja analyysimenetelmiĂ€ ja âtyökaluja kuten tiedonlouhintaa ja soveltamalla nĂ€in saatuja tuloksia johdon pÀÀtöksenteon tukena.Siirretty Doriast
Self report questionnaire assessment of anxiety and depression amongst stroke patients in rehabilitation settings
Background and purpose: Depression and anxiety are common stroke sequelae and are detrimental
to outcomes if not detected and addressed. Some self-report measures of anxiety and depression
have been criticised for lack of specificity and face validity of item structure [Hospital Anxiety and
Depression Scale - HADS] or may not be fully validated for a stroke population [Geriatric Depression
Scale Short Form - GDS-SF]. A recently developed anxiety measure may be useful for this population
[Geriatric Anxiety Inventory - GAI]. The purpose of the study is to assess the clinical utility of these
measures for screening mood disorders in people over 45 years old undergoing stroke rehabilitation.
Methods: The HADS, GAI and GDS-SF were assessed against DSM-IV âgold standardâ diagnoses from
the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview [MINI]. A sample of patients in rehabilitation
following stroke (n=34) was used. The age range was 46-92 (mean 73.12 years; SD=12.37). 21
participants were female and 13 were male (61.8% and 38.2% respectively). The study sample had
relatively intact cognitive function as assessed by referring clinicians and relatively high
communicative ability with Frenchay Aphasia Screening Test [FAST] scores in the range 18 to 30
(mean 26.38; SD=2.94).
Results: All measures were able to distinguish those with index disorders from those without. HADSA
displayed sensitivity 91%, specificity 70% at a cut-off of 8/21. HADS-D displayed sensitivity 82%,
specificity 83% at a cut-off of 8/21. GAI displayed sensitivity 91%, specificity 65% at a cut-off of 8/20.
GDS-SF displayed sensitivity 63%, specificity 87% at a cut-off of 8/15.
Conclusions: All conclusions are tentative as this is a small scale preliminary study. The HADS
performed best in screening for anxiety and depression, and is suitable for use with a cognitively
intact stroke population. The GAI also performed well and is suitable for use with this population.
The GDS-SF had poor sensitivity and so does not appear suitable for this population
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