Neural network based maximum power point tracking control with quadratic boost converter for PMSG—wind energy conversion system

This paper proposes an artificial neural network (ANN) based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control strategy for wind energy conversion system (WECS) implemented with a DC/DC converter. The proposed topology utilizes a radial basis function network (RBFN) based neural network control strategy to extract the maximum available power from the wind velocity. The results are compared with a classical Perturb and Observe (P&O) method and Back propagation network (BPN) method. In order to achieve a high voltage rating, the system is implemented with a quadratic boost converter and the performance of the converter is validated with a boost and single ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC). The performance of the MPPT technique along with a DC/DC converter is demonstrated using MATLAB/Simulink

An efficient wind-photovoltaic hybrid generation system using doubly excited permanent-magnet brushless machine

With ever-increasing concerns on energy issues, the development of renewable energy sources is becoming more and more attractive. This paper first reviews both the wind power and photovoltaic (PV) power generation techniques and their maximum-power-point tracking (MPPT) methods. Then, a new stand-alone windPV hybrid generation system is proposed for application to remote and isolated areas. For the wind power generation branch, a new doubly excited permanent-magnet brushless machine is used to capture the maximum wind power by using online flux control. For the PV power generation branch, a single-ended primary inductance converter is adopted to harness the maximum solar power by tuning the duty cycle. The experimental results confirm that the proposed hybrid generation system can provide high efficiency with the use of MPPT. © 2006 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Hybrid PV-Wind, Micro-Grid Development Using Quasi-Z-Source Inverter Modeling and Control—Experimental Investigation

This research work deals with the modeling and control of a hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-Wind micro-grid using Quasi Z-source inverter (QZsi). This inverter has major benefits as it provides better buck/boost characteristics, can regulate the phase angle output, has less harmonic contents, does not require the filter and has high power performance characteristics over the conventional inverter. A single ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) module used as DC-DC switched power apparatus is employed for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) functions which provide high voltage gain throughout the process. Moreover, a modified power ratio variable step (MPRVS) based perturb & observe (P&O) method has been proposed, as part of the PV MPPT action, which forces the operating point close to the maximum power point (MPP). The proposed controller effectively correlates with the hybrid PV, Wind and battery system and provides integration of distributed generation (DG) with loads under varying operating conditions. The proposed standalone micro grid system is applicable specifically in rural places. The dSPACE real-time hardware platform has been employed to test the proposed micro grid system under varying wind speed, solar irradiation, load cutting and removing conditions etc. The experimental results based on a real-time digital platform, under dynamic conditions, justify the performance of a hybrid PV-Wind micro-grid with Quasi Z-Source inverter topology

Survey on Photo-Voltaic Powered Interleaved Converter System

Renewable energy is the best solution to meet the growing demand for energy in the country. The solar energy is considered as the most promising energy by the researchers due to its abundant availability, eco-friendly nature, long lasting nature, wide range of application and above all it is a maintenance free system. The energy absorbed by the earth can satisfy 15000 times of today’s total energy demand and its hundred times more than that our conventional energy like coal and other fossil fuels. Though, there are overwhelming advantages in solar energy, It has few drawbacks as well such as its low conversion ratio, inconsistent supply of energy due to variation in the sun light, less efficiency due to ripples in the converter, time dependent and, above all, high capitation cost. These aforementioned flaws have been addressed by the researchers in order to extract maximum energy and attain hundred percentage benefits of this heavenly resource. So, this chapter presents a comprehensive investigation based on photo voltaic (PV) system requirements with the following constraints such as system efficiency, system gain, dynamic response, switching losses are investigated. The overview exhibits and identifies the requirements of a best PV power generation system

Performance numerical evaluation of modified single-ended primary-inductor converter for photovoltaic systems

Single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) was considered a good alternative to a DC-DC converter for photovoltaic (PV) systems. The SEPIC converter can operate with an input voltage greater or less than the regulated output voltage, or as a step-up or step-down. As a step-up converter, SEPIC boosts PV voltage to specific levels. However, gain limitation and voltage stress continue to reduce the efficiency of conventional SEPIC converters. Because of this, researchers created a modified SEPIC converter to improve performance. In this paper, six modified SEPIC converters were compared and evaluated. To compare fairly, all modified SEPIC converters are non-isolated and use a single switch. Power simulator (PSIM) software was used to simulate each converter with a BISOL BMO-250 PV module and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) P&O controller. The converter with the highest static voltage gain and lowest duty cycle has been identified. It results in up to ten times voltage increment with a 0.8-duty ratio. All topologies have the same voltage stress, with maximum and minimum values of 30.1 V and 29.5 V, respectively. On the other hand, each topology produces different average efficiencies, with the highest and lowest efficiency at 99.5% and 97.2%, respectively

Small-scale hybrid alternative energy maximizer for wind turbines and photovoltaic panels

This thesis describes the creation of a small-scale Hybrid Power System (HPS) that maximizes energy from a wind turbine and photovoltaic array. Small-scale HPS are becoming an increasingly viable energy solution as fossil fuel prices rise and more electricity is needed in remote areas. Modern HPS typically employ wind speed sensors and three power stages to extract maximum power. Modern systems also use passive rectifiers to convert AC from the wind turbine to DC that is usable by power electronics. This passive system inefficiently wastes power and introduces damaging harmonic noise to the wind turbine. The HPS described in this thesis does not require external wind speed sensors, and has independent wind and solar Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). It converts AC from the wind turbine to DC with a Vienna rectifier that can be controlled to improve efficiency, allow MPPT, and allow Power Factor Correction (PFC). PFC all but eliminates the harmonic noise that can damage the wind turbine. A prototype HPS was built and evaluated that combines the two renewable sources in such a way that only two power stages are necessary, the Vienna rectifier and a step-down converter. This thesis describes the prototype and reports the results obtained

Analysis of Sliding-mode controlled impedance matching circuits for inductive harvesting devices

A sea-wave energy harvesting, articulated device is presented in this work. This hand-made, wooden device is made combining the coil windings of an array of three single transducers. Taking advantage of the sea waves sway, a linear oscillating motion is produced in each transducer generating an electric pulse. Magnetic fundamentals are used to deduce the electrical model of a single transducer, a solenoid-magnet device, and after the model of the whole harvesting array. The energy obtained is stored in a battery and is used to supply a stand-alone system pay-load, for instance a telecom relay or weather station. To maximize the harvested energy, an impedance matching circuit between the generator array and the system battery is required. Two dc-to-dc converters, a buck-boost hybrid cell and a Sepic converter are proposed as impedance adaptors. To achieve this purpose, sliding mode control laws are introduced to impose a loss free resistor behavior to the converters. Although some converters operating at discontinuous conduction mode, like the buck-boost converter, can exhibit also this loss free resistor behavior, they usually require a small input voltage variation range. By means of sliding mode control the loss free resistor behavior can be assured for any range of input voltage variation. After the theoretical analysis, several simulation and experimental results to compare both converters performance are given

An Artificial Neural Network for Solar Energy Prediction and Control Using Jaya-SMC

In recent years, researchers have focused on improving the efficiency of photovoltaic systems, as they have an extremely low efficiency compared to fossil fuels. An obvious issue associated with photovoltaic systems (PVS) is the interruption of power generation caused by changes in solar radiation and temperature. As a means of improving the energy efficiency performance of such a system, it is necessary to predict the meteorological conditions that affect PV modules. As part of the proposed research, artificial neural networks (ANNs) will be used for the purpose of predicting the PV system’s current and voltage by predicting the PV system’s operating temperature and radiation, as well as using JAYA-SMC hybrid control in the search for the MPP and duty cycle single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) that supplies a DC motor. Data sets of size 60538 were used to predict temperature and solar radiation. The data set had been collected from the Department of Systems Engineering and Automation at the Vitoria School of Engineering of the University of the Basque Country. Analyses and numerical simulations showed that the technique was highly effective. In combination with JAYA-SMC hybrid control, the proposed method enabled an accurate estimation of maximum power and robustness with reasonable generality and accuracy (regression (R) = 0.971, mean squared error (MSE) = 0.003). Consequently, this study provides support for energy monitoring and control

THD ANALYSIS IN THREE PHASE-THREE LEVEL VSI WITH MPPT TRACKER AND SEPIC CONVERTER FOR SOLAR PV ARRAY

This paper deals with the analysis of total harmonic distortion in three phase three level voltage source inverter (VSI) for the solar photovoltaic array. The Voltage source inverter as used in high power applications here we are using for the Renewable Energy as Application. The result for the Voltage Source Inverter will be quasi square wave or square wave. The Harmonics will be high if we are using the low level inverter. The 1200 or 1800 are the two modes of operation for voltage source inverter and its choose based upon its application. The MPPT technique is used to get the maximum power from the Solar PV. The SEPIC converter is DC-DC converter in which it can operates either buck or boost modes and it eliminates the ripples by using the filter. In order to improve the efficiency the SEPIC and Perturb and Observe Technique is used. The focus of the paper is to analyze and reduce the Total Harmonic Distortion with the MPPT Technique and DC-DC converter and its connected to the Grid. The simulation results for the paper and the THD values are calculated for voltage source inverter (VSI) are given below [13], [14]

HARMONIC ANALYSIS FOR SOLAR PV ARRAY FED VSI USING CURRENT CONTROLLER

A common method in the study of voltage source inverters is the hypothesis of a voltage-type input source even in the case of renewable energy (RE). The converter is supplied by an renewable energy sources, such as a Solar photovoltaic Array, the dc-link voltage is controlled by the converter with the closed loop to extract the maximum power from the solar PV. The main aim of the paper is to reduce the harmonics by the low pass filter and analyze the total harmonic distortion with current controller technique in three level voltage source inverter. The use of perturb and observe MPPT will help to produce high output efficiency from solar PV cell. The simulation result for the paper is analysed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software and the values for the total harmonic distortion is calculate