3,179 research outputs found
Factors shaping the evolution of electronic documentation systems
The main goal is to prepare the space station technical and managerial structure for likely changes in the creation, capture, transfer, and utilization of knowledge. By anticipating advances, the design of Space Station Project (SSP) information systems can be tailored to facilitate a progression of increasingly sophisticated strategies as the space station evolves. Future generations of advanced information systems will use increases in power to deliver environmentally meaningful, contextually targeted, interconnected data (knowledge). The concept of a Knowledge Base Management System is emerging when the problem is focused on how information systems can perform such a conversion of raw data. Such a system would include traditional management functions for large space databases. Added artificial intelligence features might encompass co-existing knowledge representation schemes; effective control structures for deductive, plausible, and inductive reasoning; means for knowledge acquisition, refinement, and validation; explanation facilities; and dynamic human intervention. The major areas covered include: alternative knowledge representation approaches; advanced user interface capabilities; computer-supported cooperative work; the evolution of information system hardware; standardization, compatibility, and connectivity; and organizational impacts of information intensive environments
Considerations for a design and operations knowledge support system for Space Station Freedom
Engineering and operations of modern engineered systems depend critically upon detailed design and operations knowledge that is accurate and authoritative. A design and operations knowledge support system (DOKSS) is a modern computer-based information system providing knowledge about the creation, evolution, and growth of an engineered system. The purpose of a DOKSS is to provide convenient and effective access to this multifaceted information. The complexity of Space Station Freedom's (SSF's) systems, elements, interfaces, and organizations makes convenient access to design knowledge especially important, when compared to simpler systems. The life cycle length, being 30 or more years, adds a new dimension to space operations, maintenance, and evolution. Provided here is a review and discussion of design knowledge support systems to be delivered and operated as a critical part of the engineered system. A concept of a DOKSS for Space Station Freedom (SSF) is presented. This is followed by a detailed discussion of a DOKSS for the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center and Work Package-2 portions of SSF
Development of a knowledge-based system for the repair and maintenance of concrete structures
PhD ThesisInformation Technology (IT) can exploit strategic opportunities for new ways of
facilitating information and data exchange and the exchange of expert and specialist
opinions in any field of engineering. Knowledge-Based Systems are sophisticated
computer programs which store expert knowledge on specific subject and are applied to a
broad range of engineering problems. Integrated Database applications have facilitated
the essential capability of storing data to overcome an increasing information malaise.
Integrating these areas of Information Technology (IT) can be used to bring a group of
experts in any field of engineering closer together by allowing them to communicate and
exchange information and opinions.
The central feature of this research study is the integration of these hitherto separate areas
of Information Technology (IT). In this thesis an adaptable Graphic User Interface
Centred application comprising a Knowledge-Based Expert System (DEMARECEXPERT),
a Database Management System (REPCON) and Evaluation program
(ECON) alongside visualisation technologies is developed to produce an innovative
platform which will facilitate and encourage the development of knowledge in concrete
repair. Diagnosis, Evaluation, MAintenance and REpair of Concrete structures
(DEMAREQ is a flexible application which can be used in four modes of Education,
Diagnostic, Evaluation and Evolution. In the educational mode an inexperienced user can
develop a better understanding of the repair of concrete technology by navigating through
a database of textual and pictorial data.
In the diagnostic mode, pictures and descriptive information taken from the database and
performance of the expert system (DEMAREC-EXPERT) are used in a way that makes
problem solving and decision making easier. The DEMAREC-EXPERT system is
coupled to the REPCON (as an independent database) in order to provide the user with
recommendations related to the best course required for maintenance and in the selection
of materials and methods for the repair of concrete.
In the evaluation mode the conditions observed are described in unambiguous terms that
can be used by the user to be able to take engineering and management actions for the
repair and maintenance of the structure.
In the evolution mode of the application, the nature of distress, repair and maintenance of
concrete structures within the extent of the database management system has been
assessedT. he new methodology of data/usere valuation could have wider implications in
many knowledge rich areas of expertise. The benefit of using REPCON lies in the
enhanced levels of confidence which can be attributed to the data and to contribution of
that data. Effectively, REPCON is designed to model a true evolution of a field of
expertise but allows that expertise to move on in faster and more structured manner.
This research has wider implications than within the realm of concrete repair. The
methodology described in this thesis is developed to provide tecýnology transfer of
information from experts, specialists to other practitioners and vice versa and it provides
a common forum for communication and exchange information between them. Indeed,
one of the strengths of the system is the way in which it allows the promotion and
relegation of knowledge according to the opinion of users of different levels of ability
from expert to novice. It creates a flexible environment in which an inexperienced user
can develop his knowledge in maintenance and concrete repair structures. It is explained
how an expert and a specialist can contribute his experience and knowledge towards
improving and evolving the problem solving capability of the application
Static and Dynamic Integrated Expert Systems: State of the Art, Problems and Trends
Systemized analysis of trends towards integration and hybridization in contemporary expert systems is
conducted, and a particular class of applied expert systems, integrated expert systems, is considered. For this
purpose, terminology, classification, and models, proposed by the author, are employed. As examples of
integrated expert systems, Russian systems designed in this field and available to the majority of specialists
are analyzed
Database Systems - Present and Future
The database systems have nowadays an increasingly important role in the knowledge-based society, in which computers have penetrated all fields of activity and the Internet tends to develop worldwide. In the current informatics context, the development of the applications with databases is the work of the specialists. Using databases, reach a database from various applications, and also some of related concepts, have become accessible to all categories of IT users. This paper aims to summarize the curricular area regarding the fundamental database systems issues, which are necessary in order to train specialists in economic informatics higher education. The database systems integrate and interfere with several informatics technologies and therefore are more difficult to understand and use. Thus, students should know already a set of minimum, mandatory concepts and their practical implementation: computer systems, programming techniques, programming languages, data structures. The article also presents the actual trends in the evolution of the database systems, in the context of economic informatics.database systems - DBS, database management systems â DBMS, database â DB, programming languages, data models, database design, relational database, object-oriented systems, distributed systems, advanced database systems
Intelligent Decision Support Systems- A Framework
Information technology applications that support decision-making processes and problem- solving activities have thrived and evolved over the past few decades. This evolution led to many different types of Decision Support System (DSS) including Intelligent Decision Support System (IDSS). IDSS include domain knowledge, modeling, and analysis systems to provide users the capability of intelligent assistance which significantly improves the quality of decision making. IDSS includes knowledge management component which stores and manages a new class of emerging AI tools such as machine learning and case-based reasoning and learning. These tools can extract knowledge from previous data and decisions which give DSS capability to support repetitive, complex real-time decision making.  This paper attempts to assess the role of IDSS in decision making. First, it explores the definitions and understanding of DSS and IDSS. Second, this paper illustrates a framework of IDSS along with various tools and technologies that support it. Keywords: Decision Support Systems, Data Warehouse, ETL, Data Mining, OLAP, Groupware, KDD, IDS
Representing spatial and domain knowledge within a spatial decision support framework.
Experts are looking for ways to improve the monitoring of unstable slopes. A spatial decision support system (SDSS) is a software tool that can be used to support an expert in making complex decisions when solving problems. Many SDSSs use a geographic information system (GIS) to help analyze and manage spatial data. However, many GISs do not take advantage of expert knowledge. An expert system (ES) is a program that can be used to represent and reason with different kinds of knowledge when solving unstructured problems. The ability to find solutions to these problems can be enhanced by integrating a CIS and an ES. This research presents a candidate framework that represents basic spatial and domain knowledge through ontologies and integrates the knowledge within an ES-GIS environment. C Language Integrated Production System and ArcCIS provide the ES-GIS framework that is used to demonstrate this candidate framework through two small monitoring examples.Dept. of Earth Sciences. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis2006 .R698. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-01, page: 0470. Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2006
Supporting Special-Purpose Health Care Models via Web Interfaces
The potential of the Web, via both the Internet and intranets, to facilitate development of clinical information systems has been evident for some time. Most Web-based clinical workstations interfaces, however, provide merely a loose collection of access channels. There are numerous examples of systems for access to either patient data or clinical guidelines, but only isolated cases where clinical decision support is presented integrally with the process of patient care, in particular, in the form of active alerts and reminders based on patient data. Moreover, pressures in the health industry are increasing the need for doctors to practice in accordance with Âżbest practiceÂż guidelines and often to operate under novel health-care arrangements. We present the Care Plan On-Line (CPOL) system, which provides intranet-based support for the SA HealthPlus Coordinated Care model for chronic disease management. We describe the interface design rationale of CPOL and its implementation framework, which is flexible and broadly applicable to support new health care models over intranets or the Internet
Information resources management, 1984-1989: A bibliography with indexes
This bibliography contains 768 annotated references to reports and journal articles entered into the NASA scientific and technical information database 1984 to 1989
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