Reliable and Congestion Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

The objective of this paper is to analyze review and different congestion control protocols that are employed at the transport layer and some of them working at the medium access control layer in wireless sensor networks. Firstly, a brief introduction is given about wireless sensor networks and how congestion occurs in such networks. Secondly, the concept of congestion is discussed. Thirdly, the reason of occurrence of congestion in wireless sensor networks is analyzed. After that, congestion control and why it is needed in the wireless sensor networks is discussed. Then, a brief review of different congestion control and reliable data transport mechanisms are discussed. Finally, a comparative analysis of different protocols is made depending on their performance on various parameters such as - traffic direction, energy conservation characteristic, efficiency etc. and the paper is concluded

Deploying Wireless Sensor Devices in Intelligent Transportation System Applications

As future intelligent infrastructure will bring together and connect individuals, vehicles and infrastructure through wireless communications, it is critical that robust communication technologies are developed. Mobile wireless sensor networks are self-organising mobile networks where nodes exchange data without the need for an underlying infrastructure. In the road transport domain, schemes which are fully infrastructure-less and those which use a combination of fixed (infrastructure) devices and mobile devices fitted to vehicles and other moving objects are of significant interest to the ITS community as they have the potential to deliver a ‘connected environment’ where individuals, vehicles and infrastructure can co-exist and cooperate, thus delivering more knowledge about the transport environment, the state of the network and who indeed is travelling or wishes to travel. This may offer benefits in terms of real-time management, optimisation of transportation systems, intelligent design and the use of such systems for innovative road charging and possibly carbon trading schemes as well as through the CVHS (Cooperative Vehicle and Highway Systems) for safety and control applications. As the wireless sensor networks technology is still relatively new and very little is known about its real application in the transport domain. Our involvement in the transport-related projects provides us with an opportunity to carry out research and development of wireless sensor network applications in transport systems. This chapter outlines our experience in the ASTRA (ASTRA, 2005), TRACKSS (TRACKSS, 2007) and EMMA (EMMA, 2007) projects and provides an illustration of the important role that the wireless sensor technology can play in future ITS. This chapter also presents encouraging results obtained from the experiments in investigating the feasibility of utilising wireless sensor networks in vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure communication in real ITS applications

Congestion control protocols in wireless sensor networks: A survey

The performance of wireless sensor networks (WSN) is affected by the lossy communication medium, application diversity, dense deployment, limited processing power and storage capacity, frequent topology change. All these limitations provide significant and unique design challenges to data transport control in wireless sensor networks. An effective transport protocol should consider reliable message delivery, energy-efficiency, quality of service and congestion control. The latter is vital for achieving a high throughput and a long network lifetime. Despite the huge number of protocols proposed in the literature, congestion control in WSN remains challenging. A review and taxonomy of the state-of-the-art protocols from the literature up to 2013 is provided in this paper. First, depending on the control policy, the protocols are divided into resource control vs. traffic control. Traffic control protocols are either reactive or preventive (avoiding). Reactive solutions are classified following the reaction scale, while preventive solutions are split up into buffer limitation vs. interference control. Resource control protocols are classified according to the type of resource to be tuned. © 2014 IEEE

A State of Art Concept in Contriving of Underwater Networks

the underwater ocean environment is widely considered as one of the most difficult communications channels. Underwater acoustic networks have recently emerged as a new area of research in wireless networking. Underwater networks are generally formed by acoustically connected ocean - bottom sensors, underwater gateways and a surfa ce station, which provides a link to an on - shore control center. In recent years, there has been substantial work on protocol design for these networks with most efforts focusing on MAC and network layer protocols. Low communication bandwidth, large propag ation delay, floating node mobility, and high error probability are the challenges of building mobile underwater wireless sensor networks (WSN) for aquatic applications. Underwater sensor networks (WSNs) are the enabling technology for wide range of appl ications like monitoring the strong influences and impact of climate regulation, nutrient production, oil retrieval and transportation, man y scientific, environmental, commercial, safety, and military applications. This paper first introduces the concept o f UWSN, operation, applications and then reviews some recent developments within this research area and proposes an adaptive push system for dissemination of data in underwater wireless sensor networks. The goal of this paper is to survey the existing net w ork technology and its applicability to underwater acoustic channels. In this paper we provide an overview of recent medium acces s control, routing, transport, and cross - layer networking protocols. It examines the main approaches and challenges in the desi gn and implementation of underwater wireless sensor networks. Finally, some suggestions and promising solutions are given for th ese issues

RBCP-WSN: The Reliable Biderectional Control Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper presents the Reliable Bidirectional Control Protocol (RBCP) protocol, which is a transport protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), focused on managing sensors’ behaviour. It aims to be a utility for reliable control data transferring from source to destination unit in the network. Considering the related studies on transport protocols, which are mostly dedicated to a single-direction reliable data transport, RBCP is the answer for the lack of control mechanisms in WSNs based on bidirectional communication. The first part of this paper is focused on general presentation of the proposed solution. In the next part, evaluation of the idea and final functionality are discussed. It will finally show the results of undergone testing stage