Kompaktni motori i pogoni za električna vozila

Due to their high efficiency, brushless PM rotor motors are very suitable for vehicle drive application. This paper presents experimental results of a newly developed technique in brushless motors. It is suitable for both square current and DSP-controlled sinusoidal current drives. The experimental result of such systems is described. The drive systems, including the inverter, the motor and the controlling software have been developed by the authors. Also, popular controlling algorithms have been used, and a common way to initialise them in order to enable to operate with any kind of motors.S obzirom na veliku korisnost, beskolektorski motori s permanentnim magnetima na rotoru nalaze značajnu primjenu u električnim vozilima. U članku su opisani eksperimentalni rezultati razvoja beskolektorskih elektronički komutiranih motora integrirane izvedbe. Koriste se elektronički komutirani motori s pravokutnom strujom i trapezoidalnom idukcijom u zračnom rasporu kao i motori sa sinusoidalnom strujom i indukcijom, upravljani iz digitalnog signalnog procesora, (DSP). Razvijen je upravljački sustav s inverterom i motorom kao i upravljačka programska podrška. Analizirani su i simulacijski provjereni suvremeni algoritmi upravljanja te njihova primjenjivost na bilo koji tip navedenih motora

Kompaktni motori i pogoni za električna vozila

Due to their high efficiency, brushless PM rotor motors are very suitable for vehicle drive application. This paper presents experimental results of a newly developed technique in brushless motors. It is suitable for both square current and DSP-controlled sinusoidal current drives. The experimental result of such systems is described. The drive systems, including the inverter, the motor and the controlling software have been developed by the authors. Also, popular controlling algorithms have been used, and a common way to initialise them in order to enable to operate with any kind of motors.S obzirom na veliku korisnost, beskolektorski motori s permanentnim magnetima na rotoru nalaze značajnu primjenu u električnim vozilima. U članku su opisani eksperimentalni rezultati razvoja beskolektorskih elektronički komutiranih motora integrirane izvedbe. Koriste se elektronički komutirani motori s pravokutnom strujom i trapezoidalnom idukcijom u zračnom rasporu kao i motori sa sinusoidalnom strujom i indukcijom, upravljani iz digitalnog signalnog procesora, (DSP). Razvijen je upravljački sustav s inverterom i motorom kao i upravljačka programska podrška. Analizirani su i simulacijski provjereni suvremeni algoritmi upravljanja te njihova primjenjivost na bilo koji tip navedenih motora

State-of-art on permanent magnet brushless DC motor drives

Permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motors are the latest choice of researchers due to their high efficiency, silent operation, compact size, high reliability and low maintenance requirements. These motors are preferred for numerous applications; however, most of them require sensorless control of these motors. The operation of PMBLDC motors requires rotor-position sensing for controlling the winding currents. The sensorless control would need estimation of rotor position from the voltage and current signals, which are easy to be sensed. This paper presents a state of art on PMBLDC motor drives with emphasis on sensorless control of these motors

Upravljanje elektro-mehaničkim pokretačem za primjene u zrakoplovnim sustavima

The paper mainly focuses two major areas of electromechanical actuator system composed of power screw, spur gear train and Brushless DC Servo Motor. First it describes control of electromechanical actuator system with three level of current controller which is composed of power amplifier, DSP module and interfacing circuitry. The non-linear model of the three level controllers developed in SIMULINK environment is presented. A second point which was included in this study is the comparison of two control strategies i.e. three level controller and PWM current controller. The main outcomes of the study is that three level controller is simple in construction and much more stable. This is much suitable for higher reduction systems, short missions and low power density actuators; however it has few limitation that make it unsuitable for applications such as high power density, long missions and direct drive system.Ovaj se rad u osnovi fokusira na dvjema glavnim područjima vezanih za elektro mehanički pokretački sustav, koji je sačinjen od pogonskog vijka, prijenosnog sistema i istosmjernog motora bez četkica. Prvo je opisano upravljanje elektro mehaničkim pokretačkim sustavom pomoću kontrolera sa tri nivoa struje, koji je sačinjen od DSP procesorskog modula i elektronskog kola sa pojačivačem. Prikazan je i nelinearan model kontrolera sa tri nivoa struje koji je razvijen u SIMULINK okruženju. U radu je također prikazana usporedba dvaju tipova kontrole: kontroler sa tri nivoa struje i PWM strujni kontroler. Glavni zaključci na osnovi dobijenih rezultata su da je kontroler sa tri nivoa struje jednostavniji za izradu i mnogo stabilniji. Njegova primjena posebno je pogodna u sustavima sa velikom redukcijom, u kratkotrajnim misijama i sustavima s manjom izlaznom snagom; ipak ukazano je i na nekoliko nedostataka: nije preporučljivo koristiti ga pri većim snagama i u dužem vremenskom razdoblju uslijed većih toplotnih gubitaka

Field oriented control of induction motors

Induction motors have always been known for their simple rugged construction, but until lately were not suitable for variable speed or servo drives due to the inherent complexity of the controls. With the advent of field oriented control (FOC), however, the induction motor has become an attractive option for these types of drive systems. An FOC system which utilizes the pulse population modulation method to synthesize the motor drive frequencies is examined. This system allows for a variable voltage to frequency ratio and enables the user to have independent control of both the speed and torque of an induction motor. A second generation of the control boards were developed and tested with the next point of focus being the minimization of the size and complexity of these controls. Many options were considered with the best approach being the use of a digital signal processor (DSP) due to its inherent ability to quickly evaluate control algorithms. The present test results of the system and the status of the optimization process using a DSP are discussed

Control of Electro-Mechanical Actuator for Aerospace Applications

The paper mainly focuses two major areas of electromechanical actuator system composed of power screw, spur gear train and Brushless DC Servo Motor. First it describes control of electromechanical actuator system with three level of current controller which is composed of power amplifier, DSP module and interfacing circuitry. The non-linear model of the three level controllers developed in SIMULINK environment is presented. A second point which was included in this study is the comparison of two control strategies i.e. three level controller and PWM current controller. The main outcomes of the study is that three level controller is simple in construction and much more stable. This is much suitable for higher reduction systems, short missions and low power density actuators; however it has few limitation that make it unsuitable for applications such as high power density, long missions and direct drive system

An overview of power electronics in electric vehicles

In response to concerns about energy cost energy dependence and environmental damage a rekindling of interest in electric vehicles (EV's) has been obvious. Based on the California rules on zero emission vehicles in the United States as well as similar tightened air pollution regulation in Europe Asia and much of the rest of the world the market size of EV's will be enormous. Thus the development of power electronics technology for EV's will take an accelerated pace to fulfill the market needs. This paper reviews the current status of multidisciplinary technologies in EV's. Various challenges of power electronics technology for EV propulsion battery charging and power accessories are explored. © 1997 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Maintenance program for Electric Vehicles power train by Reliability Centred Maintenance

The reduction of environmental pollution is one of the greatest challenges for humanity, today and for the immediate future. Air quality is one of the most critical aspects in determining people’s health, particularly in big cities, and transportation emissions are currently considered accountable for almost 32% of total air contamination. The more widespread use of green vehicles could have important effects both on the environment and the economy, and this thesis work intends to focus on reliability and maintainability of pure-electric vehicles (EVs). The main objectives of this paper are: • To conduct research into state-of -art of pure-electric car powertrain technology, describing the functions and operations of its various components: mechanical, electrical and the control links between those components are all carefully considered. • To identify and define a long term maintenance plan for the power train system, utilising the RCM method. In order to achieve these targets and objectives, a wide literature review will be conducted on existing electric vehicle technology, taking already published and available information from similar technologies which are more mature than EVs one, but with comparable run conditions and operations. The method adopted for this maintenance study is Reliability Centred Maintenance (RCM): this logic will be reviewed and applied to the powertrain system, designing and completing proper worksheets (COFA worksheet and PM task worksheet) which will form the suggested maintenance plan. This proposed plan consists of various elements including: failure modes identification, failure effects on the vehicle, criticality classification of the components, failure causes identification and suggested preventive maintenance tasks with proper periodicity. In the final part of the paper, the results and outcomes of the analysis will be discussed, and possible future developments will be identified