Crowdsourcing Strategizing: A View From the Top

Crowdsourcing strategizing is the application of crowdsourcing for organizational strategy development. While crowdsourcing is experiencing popularity in application and discussion, the concept is not new. However, literature on the value of crowdsourcing strategizing is not widespread in academic or business works. This qualitative case study explored crowdsourcing strategizing in Richmond, Virginia metro area nonprofits. The study was conducted to explore the lack of understanding on the value of crowdsourcing strategizing, with a focus on leaderships perspective of value. The results showed that nonprofit leaders found value in the crowdsourced data gathered through crowdsourcing strategizing

Towards understanding the process of tournament crowdsourcing:the value co-creation perspective

In the contemporary business environment, firms are increasingly moving from creating business value internally to co-creating business value with external stakeholders. Value cocreation refers to the process where a focal firm involves external stakeholders in its previously in-house performed business processes and interacts intensively with each other to create a stream of value. Tournament crowdsourcing, as an application of crowdsourcing, has become an emerging approach for firms to engage with external crowds in pursuit of business value. In the existing Information Systems literature, scholars’ understanding of valueco-creation and crowdsourcing is still at an explorative stage. The process of value co-creation and crowdsourcing have not been extensively studied. In this research, we adopt an interpretive approach and employ multiple-case designs to investigate the process of tournament crowdsourcing through the lens of value co-creation. The findings of this research contribute to the literature on crowdsourcing by 1) introducing the process framework which examines value-generating phases and value propositions from both the perspective of the focal entity and the crowd, 2) revealing the dynamic involvement of the crowd, the process from value creation to value co-creation, and the dynamic value stream, 3) identifying the combined usage of multiple systems and mechanisms for tournament crowdsourcing by contemporary platforms, and potential conflicts related to the governance of the platform,and 4) identifying phases and associated activities relevant to finding the right crowd members from the perspective of the focal entity during the process of tournament crowdsourcing. The findings of this research also contribute to the literature on value cocreation by 1) introducing a thorough definition of value co-creation, 2) conceptually and empirically enriching the most salient components in value co-creation, and 3) bringing in new insights into the value co-creation phenomenon by examining the context of tournament crowdsourcing. In practical terms, the findings of this research may inspire practitioners of generating better understanding about their roles in facilitating value co-creation, the strategic usage of systems and mechanisms, being aware of potential conflicts and finding the right crowd members when conducting tournament crowdsourcing initiatives

Políticas de Copyright de Publicações Científicas em Repositórios Institucionais: O Caso do INESC TEC

A progressiva transformação das práticas científicas, impulsionada pelo desenvolvimento das novas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC), têm possibilitado aumentar o acesso à informação, caminhando gradualmente para uma abertura do ciclo de pesquisa. Isto permitirá resolver a longo prazo uma adversidade que se tem colocado aos investigadores, que passa pela existência de barreiras que limitam as condições de acesso, sejam estas geográficas ou financeiras. Apesar da produção científica ser dominada, maioritariamente, por grandes editoras comerciais, estando sujeita às regras por estas impostas, o Movimento do Acesso Aberto cuja primeira declaração pública, a Declaração de Budapeste (BOAI), é de 2002, vem propor alterações significativas que beneficiam os autores e os leitores. Este Movimento vem a ganhar importância em Portugal desde 2003, com a constituição do primeiro repositório institucional a nível nacional. Os repositórios institucionais surgiram como uma ferramenta de divulgação da produção científica de uma instituição, com o intuito de permitir abrir aos resultados da investigação, quer antes da publicação e do próprio processo de arbitragem (preprint), quer depois (postprint), e, consequentemente, aumentar a visibilidade do trabalho desenvolvido por um investigador e a respetiva instituição. O estudo apresentado, que passou por uma análise das políticas de copyright das publicações científicas mais relevantes do INESC TEC, permitiu não só perceber que as editoras adotam cada vez mais políticas que possibilitam o auto-arquivo das publicações em repositórios institucionais, como também que existe todo um trabalho de sensibilização a percorrer, não só para os investigadores, como para a instituição e toda a sociedade. A produção de um conjunto de recomendações, que passam pela implementação de uma política institucional que incentive o auto-arquivo das publicações desenvolvidas no âmbito institucional no repositório, serve como mote para uma maior valorização da produção científica do INESC TEC.The progressive transformation of scientific practices, driven by the development of new Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), which made it possible to increase access to information, gradually moving towards an opening of the research cycle. This opening makes it possible to resolve, in the long term, the adversity that has been placed on researchers, which involves the existence of barriers that limit access conditions, whether geographical or financial. Although large commercial publishers predominantly dominate scientific production and subject it to the rules imposed by them, the Open Access movement whose first public declaration, the Budapest Declaration (BOAI), was in 2002, proposes significant changes that benefit the authors and the readers. This Movement has gained importance in Portugal since 2003, with the constitution of the first institutional repository at the national level. Institutional repositories have emerged as a tool for disseminating the scientific production of an institution to open the results of the research, both before publication and the preprint process and postprint, increase the visibility of work done by an investigator and his or her institution. The present study, which underwent an analysis of the copyright policies of INESC TEC most relevant scientific publications, allowed not only to realize that publishers are increasingly adopting policies that make it possible to self-archive publications in institutional repositories, all the work of raising awareness, not only for researchers but also for the institution and the whole society. The production of a set of recommendations, which go through the implementation of an institutional policy that encourages the self-archiving of the publications developed in the institutional scope in the repository, serves as a motto for a greater appreciation of the scientific production of INESC TEC