2,211 research outputs found

    Undergraduate Catalog of Studies, 2023-2024

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    Undergraduate Catalog of Studies, 2023-2024

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    Effects of municipal smoke-free ordinances on secondhand smoke exposure in the Republic of Korea

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    ObjectiveTo reduce premature deaths due to secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure among non-smokers, the Republic of Korea (ROK) adopted changes to the National Health Promotion Act, which allowed local governments to enact municipal ordinances to strengthen their authority to designate smoke-free areas and levy penalty fines. In this study, we examined national trends in SHS exposure after the introduction of these municipal ordinances at the city level in 2010.MethodsWe used interrupted time series analysis to assess whether the trends of SHS exposure in the workplace and at home, and the primary cigarette smoking rate changed following the policy adjustment in the national legislation in ROK. Population-standardized data for selected variables were retrieved from a nationally representative survey dataset and used to study the policy action’s effectiveness.ResultsFollowing the change in the legislation, SHS exposure in the workplace reversed course from an increasing (18% per year) trend prior to the introduction of these smoke-free ordinances to a decreasing (−10% per year) trend after adoption and enforcement of these laws (β2 = 0.18, p-value = 0.07; β3 = −0.10, p-value = 0.02). SHS exposure at home (β2 = 0.10, p-value = 0.09; β3 = −0.03, p-value = 0.14) and the primary cigarette smoking rate (β2 = 0.03, p-value = 0.10; β3 = 0.008, p-value = 0.15) showed no significant changes in the sampled period. Although analyses stratified by sex showed that the allowance of municipal ordinances resulted in reduced SHS exposure in the workplace for both males and females, they did not affect the primary cigarette smoking rate as much, especially among females.ConclusionStrengthening the role of local governments by giving them the authority to enact and enforce penalties on SHS exposure violation helped ROK to reduce SHS exposure in the workplace. However, smoking behaviors and related activities seemed to shift to less restrictive areas such as on the streets and in apartment hallways, negating some of the effects due to these ordinances. Future studies should investigate how smoke-free policies beyond public places can further reduce the SHS exposure in ROK

    Effectiveness of Scaffolding Worksheet on Students’ Scientific Explanation Skills in Static Electricity and Application to Living Things

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    This study conducted a quasi experiment to investigate the effectiveness of scaffolding worksheet on students’ scientific explanation. A total of 30 participants were randomly assigned into two groups. One class is the experimental class that received of scaffolding worksheet and one other class as the control class. The comparative analysis results revealed that scaffolding explanation worksheets are effective in improving students’ science explanation skills. The average score of scientific explanation of students in experimental class and control class is 69.10 and 53.00. Regarding the SOLO taxonomic classification, in spite of the fact that the experimental class students on average exceeded the control class students, it can be seen that some students in the experimental class were still at the prestructural and unistructural levels. The incorrect timing to remove scaffolds and misusage of scaffolding worksheet were two possible reasons behind the failure of fading scaffolding practic

    Undergraduate Catalog of Studies, 2022-2023

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    Reshaping the Museum of Zoology in Rome by Visual Storytelling and Interactive Iconography

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    This article summarizes the concept of a new immersive and interactive setting for the Zoology Museum in Rome, Italy. The concept, co-designed with all the museum’s curators, is aimed at enhancing the experiential involvement of the visitors by visual storytelling and interactive iconography. Thanks to immersive and interactive technologies designed by Centro Studi Logos, developed by Logosnet and known as e-REALâ and MirrorMeä, zoological findings and memoirs come to life and interact directly with the visitors in order to deepen their understanding, visualize stories and live experiences, and interact with the founder of the Museum (Mr. Arrigoni degli Oddi) who is now a virtualized avatar, or digital human, able to talk with the visitors. All the interactions are powered through simple hand gestures and, in a few cases, vocal inputs that transform into recognized commands from multimedia systems

    Teacher behaviour and student motivational outcomes:Critical reflections on the knowledge base and on future research

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    In this chapter, (a selection of) current conceptualizations, theories, measurements, and instruments of (quality of) teacher and teaching behaviour from a variety of perspectives, namely educational and teacher effectiveness research, learning environments research and research on motivational teaching are discussed. Furthermore, attention is paid to topics such as the dimensionality of teacher and teaching behaviour, and of teaching skills, as well as the existence of teaching styles and stages in teaching skill development. In addition, context, antecedents, informant as well as (in)stability issues concerning teacher and teaching behaviour are addressed. Relevant empirical findings concerning the already mentioned issues as well as empirical findings with regard to teacher and teaching effectiveness in relation to student motivational outcomes are reviewed and discussed. Attention is paid to unique and joint effects of teacher and teaching behaviour dimensions and relative sizes of effects. In addition, differential effectiveness of teacher and teaching behaviour in relation to student background characteristics such as gender, social-economic status, cognitive ability, race and ethnicity, and prior engagement is discussed. The chapter ends with conclusions, reflections, implications and suggestions for future research directions and practice related to effective teacher and teaching behaviour based on the findings discussed before

    Reshaping Higher Education for a Post-COVID-19 World: Lessons Learned and Moving Forward

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    Sprachvergleiche als multilinguale Scaffolding-Strategie

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    Mehrsprachige Unterrichtskonzepte zielen darauf ab, die Potenziale multilingualer Kompetenzen von Schüler*innen zu nutzen. Bisher orientieren sie sich dabei überwiegend an bilingualen und homogen- mehrsprachigen Lerngruppen. In heutigen Schulklassen findet sich jedoch oftmals eine hyperdiverse Mehrsprachigkeit, so dass diese Konzepte nicht mehr richtig greifen. Forschung und Entwicklung hinsichtlich mehrsprachiger Unterrichtskonzepte ist daher dringend erforderlich. Dieser Beitrag widmet sich einem didaktischen Kernelement solcher Konzepte – dem Sprachvergleich. Es werden Ergebnisse einer empirischen Studie vorgestellt, die den Einsatz von Sprachvergleichen als multilinguale Scaffolding-Strategie in der Unterrichtspraxis zeigen. Somit findet eine Verzahnung von Mehrsprachigkeitsdidaktik mit dem Ansatz des Sprachsensiblen Unterrichts statt
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