Investigation of Real-Time Operating Systems: OSEK/VDX and Rubus

The aim of this work was to investigate the possibilities and consequences for Haldex Traction of starting to use the OSEK/VDX standard for realtime operating systems. This report contains a summary of the realtime operating system documents produced by OSEK/VDX. OSEK/VDX is a committee that produces standards for realtime operating systems in the European vehicle industry. The report also contains a market evaluation of different OSEK/VDX realtime operating systems. The main differences between OSEK/VDX OS and a realtime operating system named Rubus OS are also discussed. There is a design suggestion of how to change an application that runs under Rubus OS to make it work with an OSEK/VDX OS. Finally a test of changing a small test application's realtime operating system from Rubus OS to the OSEK OS osCAN is presented

Automatic Verification of Application-Tailored OSEK Kernels

The OSEK industrial standard governs the design of embedded real-time operating systems in the automotive domain. We report on efforts to develop verification methods for OSEK-conformant compilers, specifically of a code generator that weaves system calls and application code using a static configuration file, producing a stand-alone application that incorporates the relevant parts of the kernel. Our methodology involves two verification steps: On the one hand, we extract an OS-application interaction graph during the compilation phase and verify that it conforms to the standard, in particular regarding prioritized scheduling and interrupt handling. To this end, we generate from the configuration file a temporal specification of standard-conformant behaviour and model check the arising formulas on a labelled transition system extracted from the interaction graph. On the other hand, we verify that the actual generated code conforms to the interaction graph; this is done by graph isomorphism checking of the interaction graph against a dynamically-explored state-transition graph of the generated system

Conformance Testing for the AUTOSAR Standard

International audienceThe paper presents why AUTOSAR conformance tests are required, what has been achieved, and how 3 car manufacturers will use conformance tests as part of their vehicle E/E engineering process. Important topics covered are the need for conformance testing when developing a standard, the relationship between conformance and interoperability, the need for interoperability of ECUs in a vehicle, and the need to avoid diverging implementation of a standard

Memory Protection in a Real-Time Operating System

During the last years the number of Electrical Control Units (ECU) in vehicles have increased rapidly with the effect of increasing costs. To meet this trend and reduce costs, applications have to be centralized into more powerful ECUs. This gives rise to new problems such as data and temporal integrity. The thesis gives an introduction to these new problems and a solution based on static time-triggered scheduling combined with memory protection. Memory protection mechanisms and hardware are evaluated, resulting in the recommendation of a platform. The thesis also propose modification and extensions to a real-time operating system used today within the Volvo Group. The work has been conducted at Volvo Technology (VTEC) in Gothenburg. VTEC is a combined research and consulting company within the Volvo Grou

Design and development of a nesC to C language translator for the Erika real-time kernel

The nesC programming language is an extension to the C language designed and developed specifically for TinyOS, an operating system for wireless sensor networks. This work tries to decouple nesC from TinyOS with the design and realization of a translator which translates not only the nesC to the C language, but also TinyOS system calls to Erika ones. For that reason the resulting software can be seen as a language translator as well as an operating system translator

Embedded System Design

A unique feature of this open access textbook is to provide a comprehensive introduction to the fundamental knowledge in embedded systems, with applications in cyber-physical systems and the Internet of things. It starts with an introduction to the field and a survey of specification models and languages for embedded and cyber-physical systems. It provides a brief overview of hardware devices used for such systems and presents the essentials of system software for embedded systems, including real-time operating systems. The author also discusses evaluation and validation techniques for embedded systems and provides an overview of techniques for mapping applications to execution platforms, including multi-core platforms. Embedded systems have to operate under tight constraints and, hence, the book also contains a selected set of optimization techniques, including software optimization techniques. The book closes with a brief survey on testing. This fourth edition has been updated and revised to reflect new trends and technologies, such as the importance of cyber-physical systems (CPS) and the Internet of things (IoT), the evolution of single-core processors to multi-core processors, and the increased importance of energy efficiency and thermal issues

Embedded System Design

A unique feature of this open access textbook is to provide a comprehensive introduction to the fundamental knowledge in embedded systems, with applications in cyber-physical systems and the Internet of things. It starts with an introduction to the field and a survey of specification models and languages for embedded and cyber-physical systems. It provides a brief overview of hardware devices used for such systems and presents the essentials of system software for embedded systems, including real-time operating systems. The author also discusses evaluation and validation techniques for embedded systems and provides an overview of techniques for mapping applications to execution platforms, including multi-core platforms. Embedded systems have to operate under tight constraints and, hence, the book also contains a selected set of optimization techniques, including software optimization techniques. The book closes with a brief survey on testing. This fourth edition has been updated and revised to reflect new trends and technologies, such as the importance of cyber-physical systems (CPS) and the Internet of things (IoT), the evolution of single-core processors to multi-core processors, and the increased importance of energy efficiency and thermal issues

Actes de l'Ecole d'Eté Temps Réel 2005 - ETR'2005

Pdf des actes disponible à l'URL http://etr05.loria.fr/Le programme de l'Ecole d'été Temps Réel 2005 est construit autour d'exposés de synthèse donnés par des spécialistes du monde industriel et universitaire qui permettront aux participants de l'ETR, et notamment aux doctorants, de se forger une culture scientifique dans le domaine. Cette quatrième édition est centrée autour des grands thèmes d'importance dans la conception des systèmes temps réel : Langages et techniques de description d'architectures, Validation, test et preuve par des approches déterministes et stochastiques, Ordonnancement et systèmes d'exploitation temps réel, Répartition, réseaux temps réel et qualité de service

Proceedings of Junior Researcher Workshop on Real-Time Computing

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to Junior Researcher Workshop on Real-Time Computing 2007, which is held conjointly with the 15th conference on Real-Time and Network Systems (RTNS'07). The first successful edition was held conjointly with the French Summer School on Real-Time Systems 2005 (http://etr05.loria.fr). Its main purpose is to bring together junior researchers (Ph.D. students, postdoc, ...) working on real-time systems. This workshop is a good opportunity to present our works and share ideas with other junior researchers and not only, since we will present our work to the audience of the main conference. In response to the call for papers, 14 papers were submitted and the international Program Committee provided detailed comments to improve these work-in-progress papers. We hope that our remarks will help the authors to submit improved long versions of theirs papers to the next edition of RTNS. JRWRTC'07 would not be possible without the generous contribution of many volunteers and institutions which supported RTNS'07. First, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to our sponsors for their financial support : Conseil Général de Meuthe et Moselle, Conseil Régional de Lorraine, Communauté Urbaine du Grand Nancy, Université Henri Poincaré, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine and LORIA and INRIA Lorraine. We are thankful to Pascal Mary for authorizing us to use his nice picture of “place Stanislas” for the proceedings and web site (many others are available at www.laplusbelleplacedumonde.com). Finally, we are most grateful to the local organizing committee that helped to organize the conference