1,147 research outputs found

    Running to Your Own Beat:An Embodied Approach to Auditory Display Design

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    Personal fitness trackers represent a multi-billion-dollar industry, predicated on devices for assisting users in achieving their health goals. However, most current products only offer activity tracking and measurement of performance metrics, which do not ultimately address the need for technique related assistive feedback in a cost-effective way. Addressing this gap in the design space for assistive run training interfaces is also crucial in combating the negative effects of Forward Head Position, a condition resulting from mobile device use, with a rapid growth of incidence in the population. As such, Auditory Displays (AD) offer an innovative set of tools for creating such a device for runners. ADs present the opportunity to design interfaces which allow natural unencumbered motion, detached from the mobile or smartwatch screen, thus making them ideal for providing real-time assistive feedback for correcting head posture during running. However, issues with AD design have centred around overall usability and user-experience, therefore, in this thesis an ecological and embodied approach to AD design is presented as a vehicle for designing an assistive auditory interface for runners, which integrates seamlessly into their everyday environments

    Advances and Applications of DSmT for Information Fusion. Collected Works, Volume 5

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    This ļ¬fth volume on Advances and Applications of DSmT for Information Fusion collects theoretical and applied contributions of researchers working in different ļ¬elds of applications and in mathematics, and is available in open-access. The collected contributions of this volume have either been published or presented after disseminating the fourth volume in 2015 in international conferences, seminars, workshops and journals, or they are new. The contributions of each part of this volume are chronologically ordered. First Part of this book presents some theoretical advances on DSmT, dealing mainly with modiļ¬ed Proportional Conļ¬‚ict Redistribution Rules (PCR) of combination with degree of intersection, coarsening techniques, interval calculus for PCR thanks to set inversion via interval analysis (SIVIA), rough set classiļ¬ers, canonical decomposition of dichotomous belief functions, fast PCR fusion, fast inter-criteria analysis with PCR, and improved PCR5 and PCR6 rules preserving the (quasi-)neutrality of (quasi-)vacuous belief assignment in the fusion of sources of evidence with their Matlab codes. Because more applications of DSmT have emerged in the past years since the apparition of the fourth book of DSmT in 2015, the second part of this volume is about selected applications of DSmT mainly in building change detection, object recognition, quality of data association in tracking, perception in robotics, risk assessment for torrent protection and multi-criteria decision-making, multi-modal image fusion, coarsening techniques, recommender system, levee characterization and assessment, human heading perception, trust assessment, robotics, biometrics, failure detection, GPS systems, inter-criteria analysis, group decision, human activity recognition, storm prediction, data association for autonomous vehicles, identiļ¬cation of maritime vessels, fusion of support vector machines (SVM), Silx-Furtif RUST code library for information fusion including PCR rules, and network for ship classiļ¬cation. Finally, the third part presents interesting contributions related to belief functions in general published or presented along the years since 2015. These contributions are related with decision-making under uncertainty, belief approximations, probability transformations, new distances between belief functions, non-classical multi-criteria decision-making problems with belief functions, generalization of Bayes theorem, image processing, data association, entropy and cross-entropy measures, fuzzy evidence numbers, negator of belief mass, human activity recognition, information fusion for breast cancer therapy, imbalanced data classiļ¬cation, and hybrid techniques mixing deep learning with belief functions as well

    30th European Congress on Obesity (ECO 2023)

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    This is the abstract book of 30th European Congress on Obesity (ECO 2023

    Towards a Digital Capability Maturity Framework for Tertiary Institutions

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    Background: The Digital Capability (DC) of an Institution is the extent to which the institution's culture, policies, and infrastructure enable and support digital practices (Killen et al., 2017), and maturity is the continuous improvement of those capabilities. As technology continues to evolve, it is likely to give rise to constant changes in teaching and learning, potentially disrupting Tertiary Education Institutions (TEIs) and making existing organisational models less effective. An institutionā€™s ability to adapt to continuously changing technology depends on the change in culture and leadership decisions within the individual institutions. Change without structure leads to inefficiencies, evident across the Nigerian TEI landscape. These inefficiencies can be attributed mainly to a lack of clarity and agreement on a development structure. Objectives: This research aims to design a structure with a pathway to maturity, to support the continuous improvement of DC in TEIs in Nigeria and consequently improve the success of digital education programmes. Methods: I started by conducting a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) investigating the body of knowledge on DC, its composition, the relationship between its elements and their respective impact on the Maturity of TEIs. Findings from the review led me to investigate further the key roles instrumental in developing Digital Capability Maturity in Tertiary Institutions (DCMiTI). The results of these investigations formed the initial ideas and constructs upon which the proposed structure was built. I then explored a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to substantiate the initial constructs and gain a deeper understanding of the relationships between elements/sub-elements. Next, I used triangulation as a vehicle to expand the validity of the findings by replicating the methods in a case study of TEIs in Nigeria. Finally, after using the validated constructs and knowledge base to propose a structure based on CMMI concepts, I conducted an expert panel workshop to test the modelā€™s validity. Results: I consolidated the body of knowledge from the SLR into a universal classification of 10 elements, each comprising sub-elements. I also went on to propose a classification for DCMiTI. The elements/sub-elements in the classification indicate the success factors for digital maturity, which were also found to positively impact the ability to design, deploy and sustain digital education. These findings were confirmed in a UK University and triangulated in a case study of Northwest Nigeria. The case study confirmed the literature findings on the status of DCMiTI in Nigeria and provided sufficient evidence to suggest that a maturity structure would be a well-suited solution to supporting DCM in the region. I thus scoped, designed, and populated a domain-specific framework for DCMiTI, configured to support the educational landscape in Northwest Nigeria. Conclusion: The proposed DCMiTI framework enables TEIs to assess their maturity level across the various capability elements and reports on DCM as a whole. It provides guidance on the criteria that must be satisfied to achieve higher levels of digital maturity. The framework received expert validation, as domain experts agreed that the proposed Framework was well applicable to developing DCMiTI and would be a valuable tool to support TEIs in delivering successful digital education. Recommendations were made to engage in further iterations of testing by deploying the proposed framework for use in TEI to confirm the extent of its generalisability and acceptability

    Doing Diversity in Museums and Heritage

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    The museum and heritage sector has been shaken by debates over how to address colonialism, migration, Islamophobia, LGBTI+ and multiple other forms of difference. This major multi-researcher ethnography of museums and heritage in Berlin provides new insight into how ā€ŗdiversityā€¹ is understood and put into action in museums and heritage. Exploring new initiatives and approaches, the book shows how these work - or do not - in practice. By doing so, it highlights ways forward - for research and action - for the future. The fieldwork locations on which this book is based include the Humboldt Forum, the Museum of Islamic Art, the Museum fĆ¼r Naturkunde, and the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, as well as Berlin streets and protests

    Value-Rich Exposures in Medical Education; Synthesizing the Concept

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    Introduction: Proper transfer of professional values is an essential part of medical education. Real-life experiences in the educational process are one of the most effective methods for achieving values and assisting students in developing their value framework. This study aimed to develop and characterize the concept of value-rich exposures in medical education to bring this concept closer to the practice.Methods: In order to perform the synthesis, according to Walker and Avant, a combination of hermeneutic phenomenological method and literature review was used. At first, researchers characterized the concept of value-rich exposures based on the lived experiences of medical students who had participated in a program based on value-rich exposures at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Iran. After that, the literature was reviewed using an integrative review approach. Then we looked at the similarities and differences between the results of the interviews and the literature review and chose the best word to name the themes and subthemes. Finally, to describe the concept of value-rich exposures in medical education, we created a conceptual matrix.Results: We defined the concept of value-rich exposure in medical education under five themes while implementing thesteps of Walker and Avantā€™s concept synthesis: probing self-inner values, value-rich program, value mentor, value-rich interactions, and value-rich environment. The elements and relationships of the themes were depicted in the form of a conceptual matrix.Conclusions: A value-rich exposure is a type of lived experience that occurs during a studentā€™s professional life, a necessity that, with proper planning, can play an important role in shaping medical studentsā€™ professional identities

    The influence of leadership styles and social capital in organisational effectiveness: a study of social enterprises in Vietnam

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    Vietnamā€™s economy has rapidly transformed over the past few decades. Despite this, the country has faced social problems and the need for environmental sustainability. Social enterprises are businesses aiming to address these social challenges. Nevertheless, the academic literature in terms of social entrepreneurship and social enterprises in Vietnam has been found limited. Specifically, there is no research exploring the importance of leadership and social capital in social enterprises in Vietnam. Therefore, the goal of this study is to increase awareness of social enterprises, explore the role of leadership styles and social ties in the existence and success of a social enterprise in a specific context of a lower-middle-income country that had been recognised as one of the worldā€™s poorest countries before, and further inspire the Vietnamese Governmentā€™s planning and enforcement of more practical and effective social policies. In order to achieve these aims, there are three research questions being constructed: Research question 1: What are the influences of leadership styles on organisational effectiveness in selected social enterprises? Research question 2: What are the influences of social capital on organisational effectiveness in selected social enterprises? Research question 3: What state policy can be recommended for enhancing the effectiveness of social enterprises in Vietnam through leadership and social capital? A qualitative research approach was undertaken in the study. A wide range of views and perspectives from different relevant stakeholders were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. In addition, there were short questionnaires completed by employees in each social enterprise in order to identify their social entrepreneurā€™s leadership styles. The results of the questionnaires supported the theme which is the extent to which leadership styles influence the effectiveness of a social enterprise. In the findings, regarding the data collected from questionnaires and interviews, in the first phase of data analysis, leadership styles, and different social ties were identified and classified. In the second phase, a conceptual framework was used in order to assess the organisational effectiveness of social enterprises, along with analyses of leadership styles and social capital themes. This study contributes to the existing literature on social entrepreneurship and social enterprises in Vietnam by adding new practical knowledge in terms of the impacts of leadership styles and social capital on organisational effectiveness which has been found difficult to assess in social enterprises as opposed to commercial firms. In particular, it is expected that the unexplored areas and new knowledge can offer inspirable lenses for theoretical discussions among Vietnamese third-sector scholars, practitioners, and policy-makers

    Guidelines for the Development of Three-Level Models: Bridging Levels of Analysis and Integrating Contextual Influences in IS Research

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    The use of multilevel analysis has steadily increased in information systems (IS) research. Many studies are doing an admirable job of integrating two-level models into their examination of IS phenomena. However, two-level models are limited in how well they enable researchers to (1) more explicitly incorporate context into theory development and testing and (2) bridge the existing gap between micro- and macrolevel research by focusing on intervening mechanisms that link hierarchically distal levels of analysis. Three-level models have emerged as a potential way to address these limitations. While the literature has clearly outlined the mechanics of how to estimate three-level models, there is very little, if any, guidance on when and how to integrate the use of such models with theory development. Consequently, IS researchers have little guidance to inform their decisions about integrating the use of three-level models with their theory development and testing. In this article, we identify the circumstances under which IS researchers should consider the use of three-level models, develop guidelines about how to map the use of three-level model estimation to the theoretical objectives, and provide an illustration of how to implement the guidelines

    Examining the Relations among Academic and Non-Cognitive Factors and Student Achievement

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    Since the 1980s, Physics Education Research (PER) has explored the factors influencing students\u27 success in college. This manuscript reports three different studies to understand the impact of different factors on students\u27 college physics achievement. The first study explored several academic (high school physics preparation, high school preparation, math readiness, and ACT or SAT verbal and mathematics scores) and non-cognitive (self-efficacy, personality, belonging, grade expectation, and demographic) factors using correlation and linear regression analysis to understand their relation to students\u27 physics conceptual understanding measured by the Force and Motion Conceptual Evaluation (FMCE). High school preparation was found to be the most important factor in predicting conceptual understanding; the type of physics classes taken in high school, the performance in those classes, students\u27 self-efficacy, and their grade expectations had a substantial relation to conceptual understanding. The second study investigated two factor structures suggested by the Adams et al. and Douglas et al. for the Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey (CLASS) instrument using correlation analysis, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). A new subscale model for the instrument based was proposed. The original eight-factor model of Adams et al. could not be supported by factor analysis. The factor structure suggested by Douglas et al. did not have good model fit parameters. A four-subscale model was developed to provide the good model fit. The third study investigated the relations between the five-factor model of personality (agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism, and openness), self-efficacy toward physics and mathematics, and course outcomes in university physics and mathematics classes. Women reported significantly higher neuroticism in all classes and significantly higher conscientiousness in some classes while men reported higher self-efficacy. Conscientiousness and neuroticism mediated the relation of gender to self-efficacy. Self-efficacy mediated the relation of conscientiousness to course grades in all classes

    Security Technologies and Methods for Advanced Cyber Threat Intelligence, Detection and Mitigation

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    The rapid growth of the Internet interconnectivity and complexity of communication systems has led us to a significant growth of cyberattacks globally often with severe and disastrous consequences. The swift development of more innovative and effective (cyber)security solutions and approaches are vital which can detect, mitigate and prevent from these serious consequences. Cybersecurity is gaining momentum and is scaling up in very many areas. This book builds on the experience of the Cyber-Trust EU projectā€™s methods, use cases, technology development, testing and validation and extends into a broader science, lead IT industry market and applied research with practical cases. It offers new perspectives on advanced (cyber) security innovation (eco) systems covering key different perspectives. The book provides insights on new security technologies and methods for advanced cyber threat intelligence, detection and mitigation. We cover topics such as cyber-security and AI, cyber-threat intelligence, digital forensics, moving target defense, intrusion detection systems, post-quantum security, privacy and data protection, security visualization, smart contracts security, software security, blockchain, security architectures, system and data integrity, trust management systems, distributed systems security, dynamic risk management, privacy and ethics
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