Ontologies, Mental Disorders and Prototypes

As it emerged from philosophical analyses and cognitive research, most concepts exhibit typicality effects, and resist to the efforts of defining them in terms of necessary and sufficient conditions. This holds also in the case of many medical concepts. This is a problem for the design of computer science ontologies, since knowledge representation formalisms commonly adopted in this field do not allow for the representation of concepts in terms of typical traits. However, the need of representing concepts in terms of typical traits concerns almost every domain of real world knowledge, including medical domains. In particular, in this article we take into account the domain of mental disorders, starting from the DSM-5 descriptions of some specific mental disorders. On this respect, we favor a hybrid approach to the representation of psychiatric concepts, in which ontology oriented formalisms are combined to a geometric representation of knowledge based on conceptual spaces

A Model for an Intelligent Support Decision System in Aquaculture

The paper purpose an intelligent software system agents–based to support decision in aquculture and the approach of fish diagnosis with informatics methods, techniques and solutions. A major purpose is to develop new methods and techniques for quick fish diagnosis, treatment and prophyilaxis at infectious and parasite-based known disorders, that may occur at fishes raised in high density in intensive raising systems. But, the goal of this paper is to presents a model of an intelligent agents-based diagnosis method will be developed for a support decision system.support decision system, diagnosis, multi-agent system, fish diseases

APPLICATION OF SOFT COMPUTING TECHNIQUES OVER HARD COMPUTING TECHNIQUES: A SURVEY

Soft computing is the fusion of different constituent elements. The main aim of this fusion to solve real-world problems, which are not solve by traditional approach that is hard computing. Actually, in our daily life maximum problem having uncertainty and vagueness information. So hard computing fail to solve this problems, because it give exact solution. To overcome this situation soft computing techniques plays a vital role, because it has capability to deal with uncertainty and vagueness and produce approximate result. This paper focuses on application of soft computing techniques over hard computing techniques

Methods for protein complex prediction and their contributions towards understanding the organization, function and dynamics of complexes

Complexes of physically interacting proteins constitute fundamental functional units responsible for driving biological processes within cells. A faithful reconstruction of the entire set of complexes is therefore essential to understand the functional organization of cells. In this review, we discuss the key contributions of computational methods developed till date (approximately between 2003 and 2015) for identifying complexes from the network of interacting proteins (PPI network). We evaluate in depth the performance of these methods on PPI datasets from yeast, and highlight challenges faced by these methods, in particular detection of sparse and small or sub- complexes and discerning of overlapping complexes. We describe methods for integrating diverse information including expression profiles and 3D structures of proteins with PPI networks to understand the dynamics of complex formation, for instance, of time-based assembly of complex subunits and formation of fuzzy complexes from intrinsically disordered proteins. Finally, we discuss methods for identifying dysfunctional complexes in human diseases, an application that is proving invaluable to understand disease mechanisms and to discover novel therapeutic targets. We hope this review aptly commemorates a decade of research on computational prediction of complexes and constitutes a valuable reference for further advancements in this exciting area.Comment: 1 Tabl

Explaining Foreigners’ Political Rights in the Context of Direct Democracy:A Fuzzy-Set QCA of Swiss Cantonal Popular Votes

In the direct democratic arena, the consensus of voters is required to deliberate policies; without that consent policies are blocked. When bills that support cultural diversity or foreigners’ integration are put into referendums, voters may or may not exert their veto power over the proposed policies. In order to determine under which circumstances these types of bills are successful in referendum, I have undertaken a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis of 39 referendums about the extension of political rights to foreigners at the Swiss cantonal level. My analysis identified a total of five theoretically-informed conditions that explain citizenship liberalization and the success of popular votes. I then located these conditions within two configurational hypotheses which postulate how referendum proponents might overcome direct democratic hurdles. The analysis of the success of referendums reveals that the only sufficient path that leads to the popular vote’s success is to insert the sensitive issues into a multi-faceted bill. As demonstrated by a more in-depth case analysis, the sensitive object is successful because it is hidden from voters during the referendum campaign or because other priority objects inside the bill reduce its salience

Sustainable and Resilient Supplier Selection in the Context of Circular Economy: An Ontology-Based Model

Purpose: Selecting the optimal supplier is a challenging managerial decision that involves several dimensions that vary over time. Despite the considerable attention devoted to this issue, knowledge is required to be updated and analyzed in this field. This paper reveals new opportunities to advance supplier selection research from a multidimensional perspective. Moreover, this study aims to formalise supplier selection knowledge to enable the appropriate selection of sustainable, resilient and circular criteria. Design/methodology/approach: This study is developed in two stages. First, a systematic literature review is conducted to select relevant papers. Descriptive and thematic analyses are employed to analyze criteria, solving approaches and case studies. Second, a criterion knowledge-based framework is developed and validated by experts to be implemented as ontology using Protégé software. Findings: (1) Evaluating the viability of suppliers need further studies to integrate other criteria and to align supplier selection objectives with research advancement; (2) Artificial intelligence tools are needed to revolutionize and optimize the traditional techniques used to solve this problem; (3) Literature lucks frameworks for specific sectors; (4) The proposed ontology provides a consistent criteria knowledge base. Practical Implications: For academics, the results of this study highlight opportunities to improve the viable supplier selection process. From a managerial perspective, the proposed ontology can assist managers in selecting the appropriate criteria. Future works can enrich the proposed ontology and integrate this knowledge base into an information system. Originality/value: This study contributes to promoting knowledge about viable supplier selection. Capitalizing the knowledge base of criteria in a computer-interpretable manner supports the digitalization of this critical decision

Land-use suitability evaluation for organic rice cultivation using fuzzy-AHP ELECTRE method

Land conversion to organic agriculture is the answer to land degradation problems that interfere with land resources sustainability. An evaluation of land-use suitability is crucial to measure the appropriateness of land for agricultural cultivation. Specifically, organic rice cultivation has some particular standard criteria such as temperature, rainfall, soil depth, pH, c-organic, slope, erosion level, a transition period that influence ranking results, and land suitability classes. Eight organic farmlands were used as alternatives, namely Sawangan, Mangunsari, Tirtosari, Podosoko, Butuh, Krogowanan, Kapuhan, and Jati. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy process is used to determine the level of importance of the criteria based on weight assessments by three agricultural experts. The ELECTRE method is applied to rank the most suitable land from several alternatives for organic rice cultivation. The combination of these two multi-criteria decision-making methods complements each other to solve problems in land suitability evaluation. A web-based decision support system (DSS) was created to accelerate data processing integration and present factual information from the land suitability selection process. The implementation of DSS with fuzzy-AHP ELECTRE for evaluating land-use suitability in organic rice cultivation provided the best score for Tirtosari with Ekl=4 and spearman rank correlation the system comparison results with actual data rs=0.95. This study's results indicate that integrating the web with fuzzy-AHP ELECTRE is quite effectively applied for decision-making in organic farming

Land-use suitability evaluation for organic rice cultivation using fuzzy-AHP ELECTRE method

Land conversion to organic agriculture is the answer to land degradation problems that interfere with land resources sustainability. An evaluation of land-use suitability is crucial to measure the appropriateness of land for agricultural cultivation. Specifically, organic rice cultivation has some particular standard criteria such as temperature, rainfall, soil depth, pH, c-organic, slope, erosion level, a transition period that influence ranking results, and land suitability classes. Eight organic farmlands were used as alternatives, namely Sawangan, Mangunsari, Tirtosari, Podosoko, Butuh, Krogowanan, Kapuhan, and Jati. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy process is used to determine the level of importance of the criteria based on weight assessments by three agricultural experts. The ELECTRE method is applied to rank the most suitable land from several alternatives for organic rice cultivation. The combination of these two multi-criteria decision-making methods complements each other to solve problems in land suitability evaluation. A web-based decision support system (DSS) was created to accelerate data processing integration and present factual information from the land suitability selection process. The implementation of DSS with fuzzy-AHP ELECTRE for evaluating land-use suitability in organic rice cultivation provided the best score for Tirtosari with Ekl=4 and spearman rank correlation the system comparison results with actual data rs=0.95. This study's results indicate that integrating the web with fuzzy-AHP ELECTRE is quite effectively applied for decision-making in organic farming

A Quantitative Model for Decomposing & Assessing the Value for the Customer

The research presented in this paper proposes a novel quantitative model for decomposing and assessing the Value for the Customer. The proposed approach builds on the different dimensions of the Value Network analysis proposed by Verna Allee having as background the concept of Value for the Customer proposed by Woodall. In this context, the Value for the Customer is modelled as a relationship established between the exchanged deliverables and a combination of tangible and intangible assets projected into their endogenous or exogenous dimensions. The Value Network Analysis of the deliverables exchange enables an in-depth understanding of this frontier and the implicit modelling of co-creation scenarios. The proposed Conceptual Model for Decomposing Value for the Customer combines several concepts: from the marketing area we have the concept of Value for the Customer; from the area of intellectual capital the concept of Value Network Analysis; from the collaborative networks area we have the perspective of the enterprise life cycle and the endogenous and exogenous perspectives; at last, the proposed model is supported by a mathematical formal description that stems from the area of Multi-Criteria Decision Making. The whole concept is illustrated in the context of a case study of an enterprise in the footwear industry (Pontechem). The merits of this approach seem evident from the contact with Pontechem as it provides a structured approach for the enterprises to assess the adequacy of their value proposition to the client/customer needs and how these relate to their endogenous and/or exogenous tangible or intangible assets. The proposed model, as a tool, may therefore be a useful instrument in supporting the commercialisation of new products and/or services