A review on preventive measures and treatment of white spot lesions in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances

Objective: One complication of fixed orthodontic treatment in patients with poor oral hygiene is development of demineralized enamel lesions compromising esthetics. This study aimed to review preventive measures and treatment of white spot lesions (WSLs) in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.Review of Literature: In this review study, PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for articles published during 1964-2013 using the keywords “white spot lesions”, “demineralization”, “mastic gum”, “casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate or CPP-ACP”, “chitosan” and “orthodontics”; 96 articles were evaluated.Conclusion: White spot lesions can be prevented by conventional plaque control and adjunct measures such as the use of fluoride-containing compounds, chlorhexidine (CHX), xylitol gums, chitosan compounds and laser. Low-concentration fluoride, CPP-ACP compounds and laser help remineralize these lesions. If not treated, bleaching, microabrasion and tooth restoration are the final solutions

Comparison of the Effect of Recaldent and Xylitol on the Amounts of Salivary Streptococcus Mutans

 Background:Dental caries is associated with oral pathogenes and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans)is one of the primary cariogenic organisms. The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the effect of sugar free chewing gum containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate(CPP-ACP) and Xylitol on salivary Streptococcus mutan. Materials and Methods: 60 dental students, who volunteered after signing an informed consent, were randomly allocated to receive one of the following interventions: (A) Chewing gum containing CPP-ACP, (B) Chewing gum containing Xylitol. Subjects within the experimental groups chewed gum for 20 minutes, three times a day after meals for 3 weeks. Pre- and post-intervention unstimulated saliva samples were quantified for Streptococcus mutans count. Results: A statistically significant reduction (p<0.05) of salivary S. mutans was displayed in both groups A and B after the intervention. When results compared with baseline, and group A shows more statistically significant reduction of salivary S. mutans than group B.Conclusion: In conclusion, daily chewing gum containing CPP-ACP and xylitol reduce the level of salivary S. mutans in a significant way, but chewing gum containing CPP-ACP can reduce the level of salivary S. mutans in a significant way than Xylitol chewing gum

PERBEDAAN JUMLAH KOLONI BAKTERI STREPTOCOCCUS SP SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PENGUNYAHAN PERMEN KARET XYLITOL PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS ANGKATAN 2014

ABSTRAK PERBEDAAN JUMLAH KOLONI BAKTERI Streptococcus sp. SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PENGUNYAHAN PERMEN KARET XYLITOL PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS ANGKATAN 2014 Oleh Sahyudi Darma Asepti Masalah rongga mulut sangat erat kaitannya dengan flora normal rongga mulut. Flora normal rongga mulut yang paling dominan ditemukan adalah bakteri Streptococcus sp yang dapat menjadi patogen jika jumlahnya berlebihan di dalam rongga mulut. Konsumsi permen karet yang mengandung xylitol dapat mengurangi jumlah bakteri Streptococcus sp. dalam mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan jumlah koloni bakteri Streptococcus sp. sebelum dan sesudah pengunyahan permen karet xylitol. Penelitian ini adalah pre-eksperimental dengan desain one group pretest and posttest. Sebanyak 5 subjek yang diteliti diberikan perlakuan pengunyahan permen karet xylitol selama 5 menit, 7,5 menit, dan 10 menit. Setiap interval waktu dilakukan periode washout selama 2 hari. Sampel berupa saliva sebelum dan sesudah pengunyahan permen karet xylitol yang diisolasi pada media agar darah, diinkubasi selama 24 jam pada suhu 37oC dan dihitung jumlah koloni bakteri Streptococcus sp. yang tumbuh. Hasil penelitian diperoleh penurunan rata- rata jumlah koloni bakteri Streptococcus sp. pada perlakuan pengunyahan permen karet xylitol selama 5 menit 54,6x104 CFU/ml, 7,5 menit 92,4x104 CFU/ml, dan 10 menit 32,6x104 CFU/ml. Hasil uji Paired t-test menunjukkan nilai p<0,05 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengunyahan selama 7,5 menit lebih efektif dalam menurunkan jumlah koloni bakteri Streptococcus sp. Kata Kunci: Flora Normal, Streptococcus sp, Xylito

Naturopathic Physicians’ Attitudes, Knowledge, and Practices Regarding Xylitol in Clinical Practice

Abstract Purpose: The intent of this study was to assess naturopathic physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the use of xylitol clinical practice. Methods: This study utilized a convenience sample of naturopathic physicians (NPs) (N=325) through an online survey via SurveyMonkey®. Results: The majority of NPs were knowledgeable of the medical and dental uses of xylitol (84%; n = 53 and 95%; n = 60, respectively). Ninety percent (n=57) viewed the current demand for naturopathic medicine as increasing. The medical literature was the highest ranked source of information on xylitol (45%; n = 28) with clinical practice guidelines being reported as the level of evidence required for adoption of xylitol. There is a significant correlation (p = 0.015) between NPs awareness of medical dental uses and having used xylitol as a preventive agent. There was also a significant correlation (p = 0.002) and relationship between strongly agreeing xylitol is useful in preventing dental caries and having used xylitol. Participants responded they would be highly likely to use xylitol, based on the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) guidelines, to prevent dental caries and having used it as a preventive agent. Conclusion: The majority of naturopathic physicians surveyed are aware of the use of xylitol in clinical practice as an evidence-based approach to preventing dental caries. Subsequently, approximately one-half of those surveyed utilize xylitol in clinical practice. Further investigation of opportunities for educational interventions and collaboration between naturopathic and dental professionals is of value considering the current trend toward complementary and alternative therapies

Preventive dentistry: methodical guidance for dental students

УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ПОСОБИЯПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯСТОМАТОГНАТИЧЕСКИЕ БОЛЕЗНИ /ПРОФИЛАКТИКА И КОНТРОЛЬPREVENTIVE DENTISTRYИНОСТРАННЫЕ СТУДЕНТЫСУБОРДИНАТОРЫМАГИСТРАНТЫАСПИРАНТЫКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ОРДИНАТОРЫОсвещены ключевые разделы профилактической стоматологии о современных методах ранней диагностики и профилактики основных стоматологических заболеваний. Для студентов 2 курса, изучающих дисциплину на английском языке, студентов стоматологического факультета, субординаторов, магистрантов, аспирантов, клинических ординаторов, слушателей факультета повышения квалификации. The key sections of preventive dentistry about modern methods of early diagnosis and prevention of major dental diseases are highlighted