Business Model Innovation to Support Smart Manufacturing

In today’s fast changing and hyper-competitive business environments such as the automotive industry, Business Modell Innovation (BMI) has emerged as a promising approach to achieve competitive advantage. At the same time, however, BMI entails high levels of uncertainty and financial risk. In order to reduce the cost and risk involved, product and process innovation as well as manufacturing – and particularly smart manufacturing – have become increasingly open and collaborative in the recent past. The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of open and collaborative innovation practices in BMI as basis for competitive manufacturing ecosystems and provide a comprehensive review of available literature in this field. For this purpose a systematic analysis of literature at the intersection of BMI and Open Innovation has been performed. Furthermore, the role of supply chain partners (suppliers, customers and research institutions for manufacturing ecosystems) in open BMI processes has been investigated

Crowdsourcing as a tool for urban emergency management: lessons from the literature and typology

Recently, citizen involvement has been increasingly used in urban disaster prevention and management, taking advantage of new ubiquitous and collaborative technologies. This scenario has created a unique opportunity to leverage the work of crowds of volunteers. As a result, crowdsourcing approaches for disaster prevention and management have been proposed and evaluated. However, the articulation of citizens, tasks, and outcomes as a continuous flow of knowledge generation reveals a complex ecosystem that requires coordination efforts to manage interdependencies in crowd work. To tackle this challenging problem, this paper extends to the context of urban emergency management the results of a previous study that investigates how crowd work is managed in crowdsourcing platforms applied to urban planning. The goal is to understand how crowdsourcing techniques and quality control dimensions used in urban planning could be used to support urban emergency management, especially in the context of mining-related dam outages. Through a systematic literature review, our study makes a comparison between crowdsourcing tools designed for urban planning and urban emergency management and proposes a five-dimension typology of quality in crowdsourcing, which can be leveraged for optimizing urban planning and emergency management processes

Exploring Public Perceptions Of The Recovery Response As A Result Of Hurricane Michael’s Landfall

Hurricanes remain among the most frequent and costliest natural disasters to impact the United States both in terms of loss of property and life (Rudden, 2022; NOAA, 2021a; NOAA, 2022a, 2022b, 2022c). Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria brought renewed attention to the subject of disaster recovery as they collectively cost the nation over $373 billion dollars in damage and over 3,200 lives lost in the 2017 hurricane season (NOAA, 2022a, 2022b; Reguero et al., 2018; USNHC, 2018). Property and lives are at most risk during the first 72 hours following a major hurricane (Col, 2007; Kohn et al., 2012; Dourandish, Zumel, & Manno, 2007; Harris et al., 2018). While previous research focuses on communities’ long-term recovery, limited data has been collected involving the roles of government in immediate recovery efforts. Major hurricanes become a focal point in the lives of those affected, and through these events they shape public expectations, assessments, and attitudes toward government leadership (Darr, Cate, and Moak, 2019). The qualitative study solicited the perceptions and opinions of the survivors of Hurricane Michael in Bay County, Florida to expose previously unknown phenomena related to the storm’s effects on the community and its work towards recovery. Recommendations to shorten immediate recovery time include continuous pre-storm collaborative planning, pre-storm public education campaign, improvements in communication, increase in personnel, and linear research into immediate recovery

Emergency Managers\u27 Perspectives on Social Media Use for Situational Awareness During Disasters

Emergency managers are responsible for protecting lives, property, and the environment. Decisions are made based on the availability of information provided to emergency managers from the disaster site. Communication between first responders and emergency managers is crucial for obtaining situational awareness for decision-making purposes during disasters. The purpose of this qualitative explanatory case study was to understand the perspectives of emergency managers regarding the use of social media in obtaining situational awareness and providing disaster-specific information necessary for emergency managers to make informed decisions during disasters. The theoretical framework for this study was based on Endsley’s situational awareness model and Rowley’s data, information, knowledge, wisdom hierarchy. Data were collected from semistructured interviews with 11 participants. The results of the 6-step thematic analysis revealed the disaster-specific information emergency managers need to make informed decisions, current situational awareness strategies, the perspectives of emergency managers regarding social media, and training gaps associated with social media and its use for situational awareness. Findings may be used to promote positive social change to improve the use of social media in disaster response operations that aid emergency managers in meeting response priorities, including protection of life, property, and the environment