322 research outputs found
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High-SPL pMUT Array for Mid-Air Haptic Interface
This paper presents a mid-air haptic interface device enabled by a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (pMUT) array achieving an unprecedentedly high transmission pressure of 2900 Pa at a 15 mm distance for the first time. The structure is based on sputtered potassium sodium niobate (K,Na)NbO3 (KNN) thin film with a high piezoelectric coefficient (e31 ~ 8-10 C/m2). A prototype KNN pMUT array composed of 15×15 dual-electrode circular-shape diaphragms exhibits a resonant frequency around 92.4 kHz. Testing results show a transmitting sensitivity of 120.8 Pa/cm2 per volt under only 12 Vp-p excitation at the natural focal point of 15 mm away, which is at least 3 times that of previously reported AlN pMUTs at a similar frequency. Furthermore, an instant non-contact haptic stimulation of wind-like sensation on human palms has been realized. As such, this work sheds light on a new class of pMUT array with high acoustic output pressure for human-machine interface applications, such as consumer electronics and AR/VR systems
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Sampling strategy for ultrasonic mid-air haptics
Mid-air tactile stimulation using ultrasonics has been used in a variety of human computer interfaces in the form of prototypes as well as products. When generating these tactile patterns with mid-air tactile ultrasonic displays, the common approach has been to sample the patterns using the hardware update rate capabilities to their full extent. In the current study we show that the hardware update rate can impact perception, but unexpectedly we find that higher update rates do not improve pattern perception. In a first user study, we highlight the effect of update rate on the perceived strength of a pattern, especially for patterns rendered at slow rate of less than 10 Hz. In a second user study, we identify the evolution of the optimal update rate according to variations in pattern size. Our main results show that update rate should be designated as additional parameter for tactile patterns. We also discuss how the relationships we defined in the current study can be implemented into designer tools so that designers remain oblivious to this additional complexity
An Exploration of Just Noticeable Differences in Mid-Air Haptics
Mid-air haptic feedback technology produces tactile sensations that are felt without the need for physical interactions, wearables or controllers. When designing mid-air haptic stimuli, it is important that they are sufficiently different in terms of their perceived sensation.This paper presents the results of two user studies on mid-air haptic feedback technology, with a focus on the sensations of haptic strength and haptic roughness. More specifically, we used the acoustic pressure intensity and the rotation frequency of the mid-air haptic stimulus as proxies to the two sensations of interest and investigated their Just Noticeable Difference (JND) and Weber fractions. Our results indicate statistical significance in the JND for frequency, with a finer resolution compared to intensity. Moreover, correlations are observed in terms of participants' sensitivity to small changes across the different stimuli presented. We conclude that frequency and intensity are mid-air haptic dimensions of depth 5 and 3, respectively, that we can use for the design of distinct stimuli that convey perceptually different tactile information to the user
Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications
This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Human Haptic Sensing and Touch Enabled Computer Applications, EuroHaptics 2020, held in Leiden, The Netherlands, in September 2020. The 60 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 111 submissions. The were organized in topical sections on haptic science, haptic technology, and haptic applications. This year's focus is on accessibility
OpenMPD: A Low-Level Presentation Engine for Multimodal Particle-Based Displays
Phased arrays of transducers have been quickly evolving in terms of software and hardware with applications in haptics (acoustic vibrations), display (levitation), and audio. Most recently, Multimodal Particle-based Displays (MPDs) have even demonstrated volumetric content that can be seen, heard, and felt simultaneously, without additional instrumentation. However, current software tools only support individual modalities and they do not address the integration and exploitation of the multi-modal potential of MPDs. This is because there is no standardized presentation pipeline tackling the challenges related to presenting such kind of multi-modal content (e.g., multi-modal support, multi-rate synchronization at 10 KHz, visual rendering or synchronization and continuity). This article presents OpenMPD, a low-level presentation engine that deals with these challenges and allows structured exploitation of any type of MPD content (i.e., visual, tactile, audio). We characterize OpenMPD’s performance and illustrate how it can be integrated into higher-level development tools (i.e., Unity game engine). We then illustrate its ability to enable novel presentation capabilities, such as support of multiple MPD contents, dexterous manipulations of fast-moving particles, or novel swept-volume MPD content
HaptiGlow: Helping Users Position their Hands for Better Mid-Air Gestures and Ultrasound Haptic Feedback
We present HaptiGlow, a technique that combines ultrasound haptics with peripheral visual feedback to help users find where to place their hand for improved mid-air interaction. Hand position is important. If a user's hand is poorly placed, input sensors may have difficulty recognising their gestures. Mid-air haptic feedback is also hard to perceive when the hand is in a poor position. Our novel feedback addresses this important usability problem. Our results show the combination of ultrasound haptics and peripheral visuals is effective, with the strengths of each leading to accurate (23mm) and fast (4.6s) guidance in a 3D targeting task. Our technique improves midair interaction by easily helping users find a good hand position
Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications
This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Human Haptic Sensing and Touch Enabled Computer Applications, EuroHaptics 2020, held in Leiden, The Netherlands, in September 2020. The 60 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 111 submissions. The were organized in topical sections on haptic science, haptic technology, and haptic applications. This year's focus is on accessibility
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