Honey Bees’ Impact on the U.S. Economy

Since Colony Collapse Disorder became front-page news in 2006, popular literature ranging from news articles to White House documents has cited the value that honey bees provide. These numbers in articles often are inconsistent and rarely cite the origin of the stated value. This paper examines the major studies on the economic impact that honey bees have in the United States. Then it discusses the existing errors in these studies’ methodologies and offers a preliminary model that incorporates the full economic effects of honey bees. It then offers some policy suggestions in order to better address the needs of honey bees in order to maintain this valuable natural resource

PENGARUH KECEPATAN POTONG TERHADAP UMUR PAHAT BOR PADA BENCH DRILL IXION BT 25 MENGGUNAKAN CAIRAN PENDINGIN

This study discusses how to determine the life of the drill chisel in the process of cutting workpieces using coolant and whether the cutting speed will affect the life of the chisel on the IXION BT 25 bench drill machine. The purpose of this study was to analyze the age of the chisel by varying the cutting speed and conducting linear regression analysis to determine the effect of cutting speed on the chisel life of the IXION BT 25 bench drill machine.The test results of the drill process on bench drill IXION BT 25 that has been developed using coolant obtained the first point cutting speed of 28,903 m / minute resulting in a chisel life of 0.019 minutes, the second point cutting speed of 29,908 m / minute resulting in a chisel life of 0.058 minutes and the third point cutting speed of 30,159 m / minute resulting in a chisel life of 0.108 minutes. From these results it is seen that the life of the chisel in the drill process using coolant will be increased by increasing the cutting speed. The results of linear regression analysis obtained by Y=-1.7697+0.0617X, this shows that the effect of cutting speed on the chisel life of the test results conducted on ixion BT 25 bench drill machines that have been developed using coolant that is each cutting speed increased by 1 m / minute will decrease the chisel life by 0.0617 minutes. Keywords: Cutting Speed, Chisel Life, IXION BT 25 bench drill machin

Effect of chisel edge in ultrasonic assisted drilling of carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP)

Ultrasonic assisted drilling (UAD) has been reported effective for thrust force reduction during drilling of CFRP resulting in lower exit delamination. However, this process is not fully understood in relation to machining theory. This work focused on understanding the separate effects of chisel and cutting edges during UAD in comparison with conventional drilling (CD). Experiments were performed at 100 m/min cutting speed and 0.05 mm/rev feed rate. UAD produced 36% lower thrust force with a chisel edge, similar torque and 35% lower wear chisel edge compared to CD, suggesting forces from chisel edge specifically, being reduced in UAD

A Comparative Study of Chisel for FPGA Design

This paper presents the results of a comparative study conducted into designing with the Chisel hardware construction language against the Verilog hardware description language across a range of standard-library and bespoke FPGA design components including an N-bit FIFO, a round-robin arbiter and a complex, scalable arbiter. Comparison metrics such as maximum operating frequency, silicon area, design flow run-time, source-code density and maintainability, simulation run-time and speed of coding are employed to evaluate the merits of designing with Chisel. Each component is implemented with a deep low-level hardware understanding with an aim to evaluate the merits of designing with Chisel from a hardware designers\u27 perspective. The authors discover Chisel\u27s merits for realising synthesizable repetitive designs such as in SoC development, experiencing the benefits of Chisel\u27s object-oriented background in enhancing code maintainability and scalability, and implementation efficiency. However, the authors foresee that Chisel will compliment rather than replace traditional HDLs for RTL design applications due to its limitations in terms of behavioural modelling

Carving Alaska Soapstone

Thesis (M.A.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 196

Automatic generation of hardware Tree Classifiers

Machine Learning is growing in popularity and spreading across different fields for various applications. Due to this trend, machine learning algorithms use different hardware platforms and are being experimented to obtain high test accuracy and throughput. FPGAs are well-suited hardware platform for machine learning because of its re-programmability and lower power consumption. Programming using FPGAs for machine learning algorithms requires substantial engineering time and effort compared to software implementation. We propose a software assisted design flow to program FPGA for machine learning algorithms using our hardware library. The hardware library is highly parameterized and it accommodates Tree Classifiers. As of now, our library consists of the components required to implement decision trees and random forests. The whole automation is wrapped around using a python script which takes you from the first step of having a dataset and design choices to the last step of having a hardware descriptive code for the trained machine learning model

CHISel 2.0 User Manual

CHISel is a Cultural Heritage Information System. It has been designed to manage non Geo-referenced information related to cultural heritage sites and artifacts. CHISel information is organized as a set of layers referencing to points on the artifact surface. Managing information means editing, rendering, querying, composing and analyzing. If you are currently using Georeferenced data it would probably be better to use a GIS. This document describes the main functionality of CHISel version 2.0

An empirical evaluation of High-Level Synthesis languages and tools for database acceleration

High Level Synthesis (HLS) languages and tools are emerging as the most promising technique to make FPGAs more accessible to software developers. Nevertheless, picking the most suitable HLS for a certain class of algorithms depends on requirements such as area and throughput, as well as on programmer experience. In this paper, we explore the different trade-offs present when using a representative set of HLS tools in the context of Database Management Systems (DBMS) acceleration. More specifically, we conduct an empirical analysis of four representative frameworks (Bluespec SystemVerilog, Altera OpenCL, LegUp and Chisel) that we utilize to accelerate commonly-used database algorithms such as sorting, the median operator, and hash joins. Through our implementation experience and empirical results for database acceleration, we conclude that the selection of the most suitable HLS depends on a set of orthogonal characteristics, which we highlight for each HLS framework.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author’s final draft

Tillage Manure Managemen and Water Quality, April 2005

Tillage and manure application practices significantly impact surface and ground water quality in Iowa and other Midwestern states. Tillage and manure application that incorporates residue and disturbs soil result in higher levels of soil erosion and surface runoff. Phosphorus and sediment loading are closely linked to the increase in soil erosion and surface water runoff. Manure application (i.e., injection or incorporation) reduces surface residue cover, which can worsen soil erosion regardless of the tillage management system being used. An integrated system approach to manure and tillage management is critical to ensure effi cient nutrient use and improvement of soil and water quality. This approach, however, requires changes in manure application technology and tillage system management to ensure the success of an integrate