3,540 research outputs found
Collaborative Cloud Computing Framework for Health Data with Open Source Technologies
The proliferation of sensor technologies and advancements in data collection
methods have enabled the accumulation of very large amounts of data.
Increasingly, these datasets are considered for scientific research. However,
the design of the system architecture to achieve high performance in terms of
parallelization, query processing time, aggregation of heterogeneous data types
(e.g., time series, images, structured data, among others), and difficulty in
reproducing scientific research remain a major challenge. This is specifically
true for health sciences research, where the systems must be i) easy to use
with the flexibility to manipulate data at the most granular level, ii)
agnostic of programming language kernel, iii) scalable, and iv) compliant with
the HIPAA privacy law. In this paper, we review the existing literature for
such big data systems for scientific research in health sciences and identify
the gaps of the current system landscape. We propose a novel architecture for
software-hardware-data ecosystem using open source technologies such as Apache
Hadoop, Kubernetes and JupyterHub in a distributed environment. We also
evaluate the system using a large clinical data set of 69M patients.Comment: This paper is accepted in ACM-BCB 202
Dual-Stream Diffusion Net for Text-to-Video Generation
With the emerging diffusion models, recently, text-to-video generation has
aroused increasing attention. But an important bottleneck therein is that
generative videos often tend to carry some flickers and artifacts. In this
work, we propose a dual-stream diffusion net (DSDN) to improve the consistency
of content variations in generating videos. In particular, the designed two
diffusion streams, video content and motion branches, could not only run
separately in their private spaces for producing personalized video variations
as well as content, but also be well-aligned between the content and motion
domains through leveraging our designed cross-transformer interaction module,
which would benefit the smoothness of generated videos. Besides, we also
introduce motion decomposer and combiner to faciliate the operation on video
motion. Qualitative and quantitative experiments demonstrate that our method
could produce amazing continuous videos with fewer flickers.Comment: 8pages, 7 figure
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE: DESIGN AND ASSESSMENT OF AN ETHICAL FRAMEWORK
The pioneering use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in various fields and sectors, and the growing ethical debate about its application have led research centers, public and private institutions to establish ethical guidelines for a trustworthy implementation of these powerful algorithms. Despite the recognized definition of ethical principles for a responsible or trustworthy use of AI, there is a lack of a sector-specific perspective that highlights the ethical risks and opportunities for different areas of application, especially in the field of Cultural Heritage (CH). In fact, there is still a lack of formal frameworks that evaluate the algorithms’ adherence to the ethical standards set by the European Union for the use of AI in protecting CH and its inherent value. Because of this, it is necessary to investigate a different sectoral viewpoint to supplement the widely used horizontal approach. This paper represents a first attempt to design an ethical framework to embody AI in CH conservation practises to assess various risks arising from the use of AI in the field of CH. The contribution presents a synthesis of the different AI applications to improve the preservation process of CH. It explores and analyses in depth the ethical challenges and opportunities presented by the use of AI to improve CH preservation. In addition, the study aims to design an ethical framework of principles to assess the application of this ground-breaking technology at CH
Cultural Scaffolding and Technological Change: A Preliminary Framework
Technology helps us to do new things, or to do old things in new ways. This, at least, is our common understanding and continual hope. Technologies, however, only become useful when guided by human means to human ends and they therefore do not add to our arsenal of abilities in an unproblematic, straightforward manner. Rather they must confront a complex and preexisting set of biological traits and cultural practices before their potentialities and consequences are clear. My goal here is to sketch an account of how technologies interact with the innate and socially supported human capacities to learn and develop, using cultural scaffolding as an interpretive tool
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