110 research outputs found
Safety check in critical safety scenario for self-driving vehicles
En un Mercado emergente como es el de los coches autonómos una de las funciones esenciales es asegurar la seguridad del funcionamiento de dichos sistemas. La mayoría de los comportamientos del estado del arte son capaces de manejarse en un escenario sin anomalías. Sin embargo, las dinámicas del entorno, tales como las condiciones metereológicas o las oclusiones de los sensores, pueden comprometer el funcionamiento de estos. Para ampliar los escenarios en los cuales estos sistemas son capaces de funcionar, es necesario incluir nuevas funciones de seguirdad para una conducción segura en cualquier entorno. Esta contribución demuestra una validación para vehículos autónomos basada en las condiciones del entorno. Se propone una comprobación de los obstaculos y limitaciones de los sensores. Para ellos se define una Region de Interes (RoI). Combinando ambos conceptos se obtiene un valor cuantitativo del conocimiento de los entornos del sistema. La idea propuesta se basa en modificar el plan de actuación según dicho valor, mejorando el tiempo de reacción ante situaciones imprevistas. Los resultados de la simulación e implementación física en el coche autónomo muestran una mejora en los tiempos de reacción ante situaciones fuera del dominio operacional designado. Se considera que este proyecto resuelve una de las condiciones obligatorias para conseguir un coche autónomo con un nivel de automatización de nivel cuatro.Fully autonomous vehicles must guarantee safety. Most of state of the art behaviors can drive safely on scenarios with no anomalies. However, Dynamics, such as weather conditions or occlusions, on the operational design domain might comprise the security. For further automation we need to enlarge the workbench for the technology allowing to work safely even on those situations. We contribute with a safety validation for AV based on the conditions of the scenario. We propose a check for sensor visibility and limitations. Additionally we create a definition of a Region of Interest (RoI). Merging both data we obtain a quantitative value for environment awareness. The proposed idea is to, based on that value, modify the acting plan, improving reaction time for unforeseen. The results from simulation shows that using the proposed idea, dangerous situations can be avoided. Henceforth, the fulfillment of the derived safety assessment validation can guarantee safety of the AV. The proposed idea is to, based on that validation, modify the acting plan, improving reaction time for unforeseen and endowing the autonomous vehicle of a safety check. This update is mandatory for self driving vehicles that long to achieve a level 4 automation, as the human is no longer the responsible for safety check in unpredictable situations.Universidad de Sevilla. Máster en Ingeniería Electrónica, Robótica y Automátic
Improving trauma care in low resource settings
Introduction: Caring for traumatic injuries often requires significant resources that may
be sparse in certain environments, such as rural communities and Low and Middle
Income Countries. To improve trauma care in low resource settings, strategies focusing
on education and telemedicine have been proposed. However, such methods have not
been thoroughly evaluated and their effectiveness remains unknown.
Objectives: 1) To evaluate the novel use of a Trauma Evaluation and Management
course and its effectiveness as a low-cost alternative to ATLS for providing trauma
teaching in Low and Middle Income Countries; 2) To assess the effectiveness of
telemedicine for providing remote trauma teleconsultations.
Methods: The Trauma Evaluation and Management course was provided to health care
professionals in Haiti and Bangladesh. The participants were asked to complete a survey
which was analyzed to determine the effectiveness, the potential for modifications and
the versatility of the course. To determine the feasibility of remote trauma management, a
simulation study was constructed to test the feasibility of providing an accurate
representation of an injured patient using telemedicine. Two modes of telemedicine were
tested against a control group: a conventional ceiling mounted camera and a handheld
device.
Results: Health care professionals in Bangladesh and Haiti provided excellent
evaluations of the Trauma Evaluations and Management course. Areas for improvement
focused on modifications to reflect the low resource setting and included considerations
for lack of specialist referrals, unavailability of patient transfers to high level facilities
and a greater role for ancillary and nursing staff. Regarding the use of telemedicine for
remote trauma management, Situational Awareness scores did not demonstrate any
difference between control and the two intervention groups.
Conclusions: Educational initiatives, such as the Trauma Evaluation and Management
course, are an effective method of trauma teaching and are well suited for Low and
Middle Income Countries. With the advancements in technology, the use of telemedicine
is a viable option for remote trauma management
Trajectory planning based on adaptive model predictive control: Study of the performance of an autonomous vehicle in critical highway scenarios
Increasing automation in automotive industry is an important contribution to
overcome many of the major societal challenges. However, testing and validating a highly
autonomous vehicle is one of the biggest obstacles to the deployment of such vehicles,
since they rely on data-driven and real-time sensors, actuators, complex algorithms,
machine learning systems, and powerful processors to execute software, and they must
be proven to be reliable and safe.
For this reason, the verification, validation and testing (VVT) of autonomous
vehicles is gaining interest and attention among the scientific community and there has
been a number of significant efforts in this field. VVT helps developers and testers to
determine any hidden faults, increasing systems confidence in safety, security, functional
analysis, and in the ability to integrate autonomous prototypes into existing road
networks. Other stakeholders like higher-management, public authorities and the public
are also crucial to complete the VTT process.
As autonomous vehicles require hundreds of millions of kilometers of testing
driven on public roads before vehicle certification, simulations are playing a key role as
they allow the simulation tools to virtually test millions of real-life scenarios, increasing
safety and reducing costs, time and the need for physical road tests.
In this study, a literature review is conducted to classify approaches for the VVT
and an existing simulation tool is used to implement an autonomous driving system. The
system will be characterized from the point of view of its performance in some critical
highway scenarios.O aumento da automação na indústria automotiva é uma importante
contribuição para superar muitos dos principais desafios da sociedade. No entanto,
testar e validar um veículo altamente autónomo é um dos maiores obstáculos para a
implantação de tais veículos, uma vez que eles contam com sensores, atuadores,
algoritmos complexos, sistemas de aprendizagem de máquina e processadores potentes
para executar softwares em tempo real, e devem ser comprovadamente confiáveis e
seguros.
Por esta razão, a verificação, validação e teste (VVT) de veículos autónomos está
a ganhar interesse e atenção entre a comunidade científica e tem havido uma série de
esforços significativos neste campo. A VVT ajuda os desenvolvedores e testadores a
determinar quaisquer falhas ocultas, aumentando a confiança dos sistemas na
segurança, proteção, análise funcional e na capacidade de integrar protótipos autónomos
em redes rodoviárias existentes. Outras partes interessadas, como a alta administração,
autoridades públicas e o público também são cruciais para concluir o processo de VTT.
Como os veículos autónomos exigem centenas de milhões de quilómetros de
testes conduzidos em vias públicas antes da certificação do veículo, as simulações estão
a desempenhar cada vez mais um papel fundamental, pois permitem que as ferramentas
de simulação testem virtualmente milhões de cenários da vida real, aumentando a
segurança e reduzindo custos, tempo e necessidade de testes físicos em estrada.
Neste estudo, é realizada uma revisão da literatura para classificar abordagens
para a VVT e uma ferramenta de simulação existente é usada para implementar um
sistema de direção autónoma. O sistema é caracterizado do ponto de vista do seu
desempenho em alguns cenários críticos de autoestrad
IENE 2020 International Conference LIFE LINES – Linear Infrastructure Networks with Ecological Solutions. Abstract Book
In the past 12 to 14 of January 2021, the University of Évora, in the framework of the LIFE LINES project, and the Infrastructure and Ecology Network Europe held the online event IENE International Conference, under the theme “LIFE LINES – Linear Infrastructure Networks with Ecological Solutions”. We had 293 attendees from 40 different countries representing the five continents. During three days, participants were able to assist to 115 full oral presentations, 36 lightning talks, 13 workshops and chat with 40 posters authors, representing studies and projects worldwide. The event counted with 50 thematic sessions, running in five parallel sessions mixing live and pre-recorded interventions
Recommended from our members
Excellentia Eminentia Effectio
"In these pages you will learn about the fascinating research endeavors that each of our faculty members is undertaking. We have divided their research into the broad categories of health, sustainability, information, and systems. While we recognize the imperfect nature of categorizing research that, by its very nature may be interdisciplinary or transdisciplinary, we nonetheless believe it will be helpful as a way to see the depth and breadth of our research endeavors within each grouping. As you read the profiles on these pages, I know you will begin to appreciate that, taken as a whole, the research spectrum at Columbia Engineering is exceptional and that, as our professors go about their work, they are at the cusp of making breakthroughs that will have a major impact on the way we live our lives today and tomorrow.
Proceedings, MSVSCC 2012
Proceedings of the 6th Annual Modeling, Simulation & Visualization Student Capstone Conference held on April 19, 2012 at VMASC in Suffolk, Virginia
- …