Can the Laws of Form Represent Syllogisms?

The Laws of Form was created to represent propositional logic and Boolean algebra. But Spencer Brown (and later commentators) also claimed that it could represent Aristotelian syllogistic logic although, as he showed in his book, at least one invalid syllogism appeared to be valid. This paper explores the extent to which the Laws of Form can correctly deal with all syllogisms. There are in fact 256 possible syllogisms and only fifteen of them are uncontroversially valid (a further nine are valid if certain existence assumptions are made). Using truth tables implemented in a spread sheet, all 256 syllogisms were evaluated and it was discovered that, in fact, 83 invalid syllogisms appear to be valid when simply represented in Laws of Form notation. (The issue about the application of Spencer Brown’s Interpretative Theorem 2 will be explored in the paper). This is clearly a significant number. Further investigation show that the problem might be caused by the way that “some/some not” propositions are conventionally represented and a variety of alternative are explored, some related to free logic. One particular interpretation reduces the number of wrongly categorised syllogisms to only seventeen and, surprisingly, fifteen of the 17 are mirror images of the fifteen valid ones

Differenz und Limitation: Skizze zu einer systemtheoretischen Revision sprachrelativistischer Grundannahmen

Vor dem Befund unbefriedigender wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse zum Phänomen sprachlicher Relativität und einer defizitären Offenlegung und Reflektion ihres theoretischen Fundaments begibt sich die Dissertation auf die Suche nach einer schlüssigen theoretischen Konzeption sprachlicher Relativität. Diese wird im Rahmen der Untersuchung auf diskursiver Ebene verortet, wozu die Arbeit ein linguistisch und sprachphilosophisch unvorbelastetes Zeichenkonzept entwickelt. Dieses wird sodann mithilfe eines systemtheoretischen Erklärungsansatzes theoretisch fruchtbar und empirisch anschlussfähig gemacht. Zugleich versucht die Arbeit, die machtanalytische sowie diskursethische Konsequenzen, die sich aus diesem Ansatz ergeben, aufzuzeigen