Cloud Protocols

This PDF document discusses a field activity for K-12 students. The purpose of the activity is to observe type and cover of clouds including contrails. Students will observe ten types of clouds and how many of three types of contrails are visible, how much of the sky is covered with clouds, and how much is covered by contrails. The PDF is an instructor guide with detailed advice for administering the activity and data sheets. Educational levels: High school, Intermediate elementary, Middle school, Primary elementary, Undergraduate lower division

Mosaic of Israel’s landscapes as an expression of geographical, cultural, and religious diversity

Dorot Ruth, Mosaic of Israel’s landscapes as an expression of geographical, cultural, and religious diversity. “Images” vol. XXV, no. 34. Poznań 2019. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. Pp. 87–113. ISSN 1731-450X. DOI 10.14746/i.2019.34.06. Israel is tiny in its dimensions, yet huge in the spectrum of its landscapes. It is ancient in its history, yet young as a state. In honor of the 70th independence day of the State of Israel, celebrated in 2018, this paper presents a mosaic of 12 landscape paintings, from the country’s most southern point to the most northern one, by Israeli artists who represent, in diverse styles, the state’s geographic and historic wealth in a visual-artistic sense.Dorot Ruth, Mosaic of Israel’s landscapes as an expression of geographical, cultural, and religious diversity. “Images” vol. XXV, no. 34. Poznań 2019. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. Pp. 87–113. ISSN 1731-450X. DOI 10.14746/i.2019.34.06. Israel is tiny in its dimensions, yet huge in the spectrum of its landscapes. It is ancient in its history, yet young as a state. In honor of the 70th independence day of the State of Israel, celebrated in 2018, this paper presents a mosaic of 12 landscape paintings, from the country’s most southern point to the most northern one, by Israeli artists who represent, in diverse styles, the state’s geographic and historic wealth in a visual-artistic sense

Exploration of Marine Resources by Photographic Remote Sensing

The interpretation of photographs in oceanographic remote sensing is discussed. The photographs were made from spacecraft with two exceptions. Two photographs were made from aircraft. There were three types of film used to make the photographs: black-and-white, color, and color IR. Black and white photography is well known; it presents pictures in various shades of gray from black to white. Color film presents pictures in color, very nearly as the human eye sees them. Color IR film presents pictures in color also but not as seen by the human eye. Blue becomes much deeper blue, green is suppressed to some extent, and red is recorded beyond the visual range of the human eye, out in the near infrared. The most noticeable effect of the use of color IR film is that leaf materials which are highly reflective in the infrared part of the spectrum are presented as red

Remote sensing of snowpack density using shortwave radiation

Albedo or satellite radiance measurements can be used to estimate average snowpack density by means of a multiple linear equation. The in situ data equation predicted density with a correlation (sq r) of 0.79 and a standard error of 0.027 gm/cu cm. The data from LANDSAT-1 were not as significant in a similar equation, possibly because of the large field of view

The Poetry of Sidney Alexander

I find myself the keeper of a modest flame that burns (in Shelley’s image) barely brighter than a taper through the night of time. That flame marks the remnants of a nearly forgotten Victorian poet, Sidney A. Alexander (1866-1948), who won the 1887 Newdigate prize as a student at Oxford. Some of his other youthful poems after Oxford he did publish, and his name is recorded in the literary history of England.1 But Alexander moved from the muses to Christ, and became a canon at St. Paul’s Cathedral, remembered for his impressive work on behalf of the great Wren edifice, especially for protecting it during World War II. At his death, he left behind a body of religious and other books and essays, plus a notebook of his poems, mostly unpublished fair copies. Besides those he had placed in Victorian magazines, he seems to have had a plan to publish others. My responsibilities as keeper began when I bought the notebook from an English book-dealer, Charles Cox, in 2008 for £70. Alexander’s works, appearing here for the first time in full, may not greatly shift the outlines of Victorian poetry. But they are respectable (and often more) — and are interesting as the work between 1881 and 1890 of a young man with a good education and a poetic talent and vocation. At a minimum, the poems are a cultural marker of some largely traditionalist poetic sensibilities in the 1880’s..