CVD-grown monolayer MoS2 in bioabsorbable electronics and biosensors

Transient electronics entails the capability of electronic components to dissolve or reabsorb in a controlled manner when used in biomedical implants. Here, the authors perform a systematic study of the processes of hydrolysis, bioabsorption, cytotoxicity and immunological biocompatibility of monolayer MoS2

Beyond Tissue replacement: The Emerging role of smart implants in healthcare

Smart implants are increasingly used to treat various diseases, track patient status, and restore tissue and organ function. These devices support internal organs, actively stimulate nerves, and monitor essential functions. With continuous monitoring or stimulation, patient observation quality and subsequent treatment can be improved. Additionally, using biodegradable and entirely excreted implant materials eliminates the need for surgical removal, providing a patient-friendly solution. In this review, we classify smart implants and discuss the latest prototypes, materials, and technologies employed in their creation. Our focus lies in exploring medical devices beyond replacing an organ or tissue and incorporating new functionality through sensors and electronic circuits. We also examine the advantages, opportunities, and challenges of creating implantable devices that preserve all critical functions. By presenting an in-depth overview of the current state-of-the-art smart implants, we shed light on persistent issues and limitations while discussing potential avenues for future advancements in materials used for these devices

Microfluidics for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems.

Considerable efforts have been devoted towards developing effective drug delivery methods. Microfluidic systems, with their capability for precise handling and transport of small liquid quantities, have emerged as a promising platform for designing advanced drug delivery systems. Thus, microfluidic systems have been increasingly used for fabrication of drug carriers or direct drug delivery to a targeted tissue. In this review, the recent advances in these areas are critically reviewed and the shortcomings and opportunities are discussed. In addition, we highlight the efforts towards developing smart drug delivery platforms with integrated sensing and drug delivery components

Skin sensors for health care: paper-based flexible and wearable pressure sensor

The interest and need in portable, comfortable and durable health care sensors have increased along the years, due to their practicability and potential in helping people monitoring their vital signs. However, an all biodegradable low-cost sensor still poses a challenge to fabricate. So, cellulose is being used in the nanoscale form, due to filling all the necessary requirements with their excellent properties. The same can be said for metals like gold, silver and copper, which in the form of nanowires makes them great alternatives as sensing materials for pressure sensors. This work aims to develop a facile craft, low-cost, completely biodegradable, paper-based flexible and wearable pressure sensor for health care. The AgNWs are produced by the microwave-assisted polyol synthesis and purified with 3 decantation phases. The sensor substrate is made by pressing the bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) of nata de coco. The interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) are then screen-printed on its surface. The tissue paper is dip coated with the AgNWs, placed in the middle of the IDEs and encapsulated with the BNC, concluding the sensor construction. The sensor displayed a fast response time of 1.8 ms, a recovery time of 0.8 ms and it also showed high stability during 15000 cycles. The best sensitivity values achieved were 12.05 kPa-1 (0.031-1.4 kPa), 4.29 kPa-1 (1.4-2.8 kPa), 1.59 kPa-1 (2.8-5.6 kPa) and 0.38 kPa-1 (5.6-14 kPa), with the 6 dip coating cycles paper Tork on the sensor. The lowest detectable pressure was 31 Pa and the minimum and maximum energy consumption values recorded were 3.75×10-5 W and 1.32×10-2 W with a 2V working voltage.O interesse e a necessidade em sensores de saúde portáteis, confortáveis e duráveis têm aumentado ao longo dos anos, devido à sua praticabilidade e potencial em ajudar as pessoas a monitorizarem os seus sinais vitais. No entanto, a produção de um sensor completamente biodegradável de baixo custo ainda representa um desafio. Por isso, vários tipos de celulose estão a ser usados à nanoescala por preencherem os requisitos necessários com as suas excelentes propriedades, assim como metais como o ouro, prata e cobre, que na forma de nanofios os torna ótimas alternativas como materiais de deteção em sensores de pressão. Este projeto tem como objetivo desenvolver um sensor de pressão fácil de fabricar, de baixo custo, completamente biodegradável, à base de papel, flexível e de fácil uso em cuidados de saúde. Os nanofios de prata são produzidos pela síntese poliol assistida por micro-ondas e purificados em 3 fases de decantação. O substrato do sensor é criado pressionando a nanocelulose bacteriana da nata de coco. Os elétrodos interdigitais são produzidos na sua superfície por impressão em tela. O papel é revestido com nanofios de prata por imersão, colocado no meio dos elétrodos interdigitais e encapsulado com a nanocellulose bacteriana, concluindo assim a construção do sensor. O sensor apresentou um rápido tempo de resposta de 1.8 ms, um tempo de recuperação de 0.8 ms e uma elevada estabilidade durante 15000 ciclos. Os melhores valores de sensibilidade obtidos foram 12.05 kPa-1 (0.031-1.4 kPa), 4.29 kPa-1 (1.4-2.8 kPa), 1.59 kPa-1 (2.8-5.6 kPa) e 0.38 kPa-1 (5.6-14 kPa) com o sensor a utilizar 6 ciclos de revestimento por imersão no papel Tork. O sensor também conseguiu detetar uma baixa pressão de 31 Pa e apresentou um consumo mínimo e máximo de energia de 3.75×10-5 W e 1.32×10-2 W, com uma tensão de trabalho de 2V

Updates of Wearing Devices (WDs) In Healthcare, And Disease Monitoring

 With the rising pervasiveness of growing populace, aging and chronic illnesses consistently rising medical services costs, the health care system is going through a crucial change from the conventional hospital focused system to an individual-focused system. Since the twentieth century, wearable sensors are becoming widespread in medical care and biomedical monitoring systems, engaging consistent estimation of biomarkers for checking of the diseased condition and wellbeing, clinical diagnostics and assessment in biological fluids like saliva, blood, and sweat. Recently, the improvements have been centered around electrochemical and optical biosensors, alongside advances with the non-invasive monitoring of biomarkers, bacteria and hormones, etc. Wearable devices have created with a mix of multiplexed biosensing, microfluidic testing and transport frameworks incorporated with flexible materials and body connections for additional created wear ability and effortlessness. These wearables hold guarantee and are fit for a higher understanding of the relationships between analyte focuses inside the blood or non-invasive biofluids and feedback to the patient, which is fundamentally significant in ideal finding, therapy, and control of diseases. In any case, cohort validation studies and execution assessment of wearable biosensors are expected to support their clinical acceptance. In the current review, we discussed the significance, highlights, types of wearables, difficulties and utilizations of wearable devices for biological fluids for the prevention of diseased conditions and real time monitoring of human wellbeing. In this, we sum up the different wearable devices that are developed for health care monitoring and their future potential has been discussed in detail

The future of cardiovascular stents: bioresorbable and integrated biosensor technology

Cardiovascular disease is the greatest cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis is the underlying pathology responsible for two thirds of these deaths. It is the age‐dependent process of “furring of the arteries.” In many scenarios the disease is caused by poor diet, high blood pressure, and genetic risk factors, and is exacerbated by obesity, diabetes, and sedentary lifestyle. Current pharmacological anti‐atherosclerotic modalities still fail to control the disease and improvements in clinical interventions are urgently required. Blocked atherosclerotic arteries are routinely treated in hospitals with an expandable metal stent. However, stented vessels are often silently re‐blocked by developing “in‐stent restenosis,” a wound response, in which the vessel's lumen renarrows by excess proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, termed hyperplasia. Herein, the current stent technology and the future of biosensing devices to overcome in‐stent restenosis are reviewed. Second, with advances in nanofabrication, new sensing methods and how researchers are investigating ways to integrate biosensors within stents are highlighted. The future of implantable medical devices in the context of the emerging “Internet of Things” and how this will significantly influence future biosensor technology for future generations are also discussed